Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Master the essentials of gross anatomy! The Anatomical Basis of Dentistry, 4th Edition includes full-color coverage of the regions of the head and neck that relate to applied anatomy for the clinical practice of dentistry. Core information provides a foundation of knowledge that’s important to a successful chairside experience for both you and patient. This new edition includes coverage of local anesthesia, dental imaging, spread of dental infection, and fractures of the craniofacial complex. Using a clear, accessible style, with practical Clinical Notes boxes updated to include case studies, this book closely relates the basic science of applied anatomy to the clinical practice of dentistry.
- Specifically tailored for the dental student, focuses on core, need-to-know content.
- Clinical Notes boxes integrated throughout the text relate basic science concepts to the actual clinical practice of dentistry.
- Regional approach to anatomy breaks down anatomical structures and body systems into easy-to-understand modules to correlate with how the course is taught.
- Cadaver dissection photographs paired with anatomical line drawings clearly depict the location of anatomic structures.
- NEW! Chapter on Supplemental Anatomy of the Head and Neck covers clinical topics such as local anesthesia, dental imaging, spread of dental infection, and fractures of the craniofacial complex.
- NEW! Clinical Notes sections with actual case studies address the increased use of case-based learning in dental education.
- NEW! Full-color 3D anatomical art provides a more realistic representation of the head and neck anatomy.
- NEW! The latest imaging techniques clearly demonstrate recent technological updates.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Half title page | i | ||
| Evolve page | ii | ||
| The Anatomical Basis of Dentistry | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Dedication | v | ||
| Preface | vi | ||
| Organization | vi | ||
| New To This Edition | vi | ||
| Objective | vi | ||
| Acknowledgments | vii | ||
| Table Of Contents | viii | ||
| 1 General Concepts | 1 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 1 | ||
| The Study of Anatomy | 1 | ||
| Gross Anatomy | 1 | ||
| Histology | 1 | ||
| Neuroanatomy | 1 | ||
| Developmental Anatomy | 1 | ||
| Surface Anatomy | 1 | ||
| Imaging Anatomy | 1 | ||
| Terminology | 2 | ||
| The Anatomical Position | 2 | ||
| Anatomical Cuts and Planes | 2 | ||
| Terms of Relationship | 2 | ||
| Skeleton (Cartilage and Bones) | 3 | ||
| Cartilage | 3 | ||
| Types | 3 | ||
| Growth | 3 | ||
| Bone (Osteology) | 3 | ||
| Functions | 3 | ||
| Classification | 3 | ||
| By Region. | 3 | ||
| By Shape. | 3 | ||
| Surface Features | 5 | ||
| Raised Markings or Elevations | 5 | ||
| Condyle. | 5 | ||
| Epicondyle. | 6 | ||
| Process. | 6 | ||
| Plate. | 6 | ||
| Tubercle. | 6 | ||
| Tuberosity. | 6 | ||
| Trochanter. | 7 | ||
| Malleolus. | 7 | ||
| Crest. | 7 | ||
| Linea, or Line. | 7 | ||
| Spine. | 7 | ||
| Depressions and Openings | 7 | ||
| Fossa. | 7 | ||
| Groove, or Sulcus. | 7 | ||
| Foramen. | 7 | ||
| Canal. | 7 | ||
| Notch. | 7 | ||
| Fissure. | 7 | ||
| Development | 7 | ||
| Intramembranous Ossification. | 7 | ||
| Endochondral Ossification. | 7 | ||
| Postnatal Growth. | 7 | ||
| Joints (Arthrology) | 7 | ||
| By Degree of Movement | 7 | ||
| By Joint Tissues | 7 | ||
| Fibrous Joints | 7 | ||
| Primary Cartilaginous Joints (Synchondroses) | 8 | ||
| Secondary Cartilaginous Joints (Symphyses) | 9 | ||
| Synovial Joints | 9 | ||
| Blood and Nerve Supply | 9 | ||
| Classification | 9 | ||
| Multiaxial Joints. | 9 | ||
| Ball-and-Socket Joint. | 9 | ||
| Saddle or Ellipsoid Joint. | 9 | ||
| Biaxial Joints. | 9 | ||
| Condyloid Joint. | 9 | ||
| Uniaxial Joints. | 9 | ||
| Plane Joint. | 9 | ||
| Hinge (Ginglymus) Joint. | 9 | ||
| Pivot Joint. | 9 | ||
| Muscular System (Myology) | 10 | ||
| Skeletal Muscle | 10 | ||
| Nomenclature | 10 | ||
| Parts | 11 | ||
| Fleshy Portion. | 11 | ||
| Fibrous or Tendinous Portion. | 11 | ||
| Cylindrical Tendons. | 11 | ||
| Linear Tendons. | 11 | ||
| Aponeurosis. | 11 | ||
| Common Tendons. | 11 | ||
| Origins and Insertions | 11 | ||
| Architecture | 11 | ||
| Parallel and Converging Fibers. | 11 | ||
| Pennate Muscles. | 11 | ||
| Sphincter Muscles. | 11 | ||
| Actions | 11 | ||
| Types of Contraction. | 11 | ||
| Actions of Muscle Groups. | 12 | ||
| Synovial Bursae and Sheaths | 12 | ||
| Blood and Nerve Supply | 12 | ||
| Smooth Muscle | 13 | ||
| Cardiac Muscle | 13 | ||
| Voluntary Versus Involuntary Muscle (Exceptions) | 13 | ||
| Cardiovascular System (Cardiology and Angiology) | 13 | ||
| Blood | 13 | ||
| The Heart | 13 | ||
| Blood Vessels | 14 | ||
| Arteries | 14 | ||
| Capillaries | 14 | ||
| Veins | 14 | ||
| Arteriovenous Anastomoses | 14 | ||
| Arterial Anastomoses and Collateral Circulation | 14 | ||
| End Arteries | 15 | ||
| Fetal Circulation | 15 | ||
| Changes in Circulation at Birth | 15 | ||
| Lymphatic System | 16 | ||
| Lymph | 16 | ||
| Lymph Capillaries | 17 | ||
| Lymph Vessels | 17 | ||
| Lymph Nodes (Glands) | 17 | ||
| Large Lymphatic Vessels | 17 | ||
| Lymph Flow | 17 | ||
| Functions | 18 | ||
| Lymphoid Tissues | 18 | ||
| Tonsils. | 18 | ||
| Spleen. | 18 | ||
| Thymus Gland. | 18 | ||
| Lymphoid Tissue of the Gut. | 18 | ||
| Nervous System | 18 | ||
| The Neuron | 19 | ||
| Motor Neuron | 19 | ||
| Sensory Neuron | 20 | ||
| Synapses | 20 | ||
| Neuroglia | 20 | ||
| Definitions and Terms | 20 | ||
| Gray Matter. | 20 | ||
| White Matter. | 20 | ||
| Peripheral Nerve. | 20 | ||
| Tract. | 21 | ||
| Nucleus. | 21 | ||
| Ganglion. | 21 | ||
| Afferent Fibers. | 21 | ||
| Efferent Fibers. | 21 | ||
| Division Based on Location | 21 | ||
| Central Nervous System | 21 | ||
| Peripheral Nervous System | 21 | ||
| Division Based on Function | 21 | ||
| Somatic Nervous System | 21 | ||
| Visceral (Autonomic) Nervous System | 21 | ||
| Parasympathetic Division. | 21 | ||
| Sympathetic Division. | 21 | ||
| Peripheral Nerves | 21 | ||
| Structure | 21 | ||
| Function | 21 | ||
| Central Nervous System Origins of Somatic Peripheral Nerves | 22 | ||
| Voluntary Motor (Somatic and Branchial Efferent) Components. | 22 | ||
| 2 The Back | 34 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 34 | ||
| Surface Features of the Back | 34 | ||
| Skeletal Parts | 34 | ||
| Posterior Aspect of the Skull | 34 | ||
| Vertebral Column | 35 | ||
| Vertebrae: Typical Features | 35 | ||
| Cervical Vertebrae | 36 | ||
| Typical Features. | 36 | ||
| Atypical Features | 36 | ||
| Atlas (C1). | 36 | ||
| Axis (C2). | 36 | ||
| C7. | 36 | ||
| Thoracic Vertebrae | 36 | ||
| Lumbar Vertebrae | 37 | ||
| The Sacrum | 37 | ||
| The Coccyx | 38 | ||
| The Articulated Spine | 38 | ||
| Joints of the Spine | 39 | ||
| Joints Between Bodies | 39 | ||
| Joints Between Articular Facets | 39 | ||
| Other Intervertebral Joints | 39 | ||
| Spinal Cord | 41 | ||
| Location and Length | 41 | ||
| External Features | 41 | ||
| Swellings | 41 | ||
| Spinal Nerves | 41 | ||
| Sulci and Fissures | 41 | ||
| Internal Features | 41 | ||
| Gray Matter | 41 | ||
| White Matter | 41 | ||
| Central Canal | 41 | ||
| Coverings (Meninges) | 41 | ||
| Pia Mater | 43 | ||
| Arachnoid Mater | 43 | ||
| Dura Mater | 43 | ||
| Meningeal Spaces | 43 | ||
| Subarachnoid Space | 43 | ||
| Subdural Space | 43 | ||
| Extradural Space | 43 | ||
| Protection | 43 | ||
| Blood Supply | 43 | ||
| Muscles of the Back | 45 | ||
| Extrinsic Group | 45 | ||
| Intrinsic Group | 45 | ||
| Movements of the Spine | 48 | ||
| Review Questions | 49 | ||
| 3 The Thorax | 50 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 50 | ||
| Skeleton | 50 | ||
| Thoracic Skeleton | 50 | ||
| Sternum | 50 | ||
| Ribs | 50 | ||
| Thoracic Vertebrae | 50 | ||
| Joints | 51 | ||
| The Thoracic or Chest Wall | 54 | ||
| Surface Features | 54 | ||
| Skeletal Landmarks | 54 | ||
| The Breast | 54 | ||
| Muscles | 54 | ||
| Muscular Action | 54 | ||
| Extrinsic Thoracic Muscles | 54 | ||
| Accessory Extrinsic Muscles of Respiration | 55 | ||
| Back Muscles That Participate in Respiration | 55 | ||
| Intercostal Muscles | 56 | ||
| Diaphragm | 56 | ||
| Intercostal Blood Vessels and Nerves | 56 | ||
| Arteries and Veins | 58 | ||
| Nerves | 58 | ||
| The Pleural Cavities and Lungs | 58 | ||
| Pleura | 58 | ||
| Lungs | 58 | ||
| Surfaces and Borders | 58 | ||
| Fissures and Lobes | 59 | ||
| The Hilum | 61 | ||
| Bronchi and Bronchial Tree | 62 | ||
| Bronchi and Bronchioles | 62 | ||
| Right Bronchial Tree. | 62 | ||
| Left Bronchial Tree. | 63 | ||
| Blood and Nerve Supply | 63 | ||
| Blood Supply | 63 | ||
| Nerve Supply | 63 | ||
| Mechanics of Breathing | 63 | ||
| Inspiration | 63 | ||
| Expiration | 64 | ||
| The Mediastinum | 64 | ||
| The Middle Mediastinum | 64 | ||
| Pericardial Sac | 64 | ||
| The Heart | 65 | ||
| Shape and Position. | 65 | ||
| Disposition of the Chambers. | 65 | ||
| Surfaces and Features. | 65 | ||
| The Heart Wall. | 67 | ||
| Entrances and Exits. | 67 | ||
| Internal Features of the Heart Chambers | 67 | ||
| Right Atrium. | 67 | ||
| Right Ventricle. | 68 | ||
| Left Atrium. | 68 | ||
| Left Ventricle. | 68 | ||
| Auscultation of Heart Valves. | 70 | ||
| Blood Vessels | 71 | ||
| Coronary Arteries. | 71 | ||
| Coronary Veins. | 71 | ||
| Innervation | 72 | ||
| Intrinsic Control of Heartbeat. | 72 | ||
| Extrinsic Modification of the Heartbeat. | 72 | ||
| Afferent, or Sensory, Cardiac Nerves. | 72 | ||
| Anterior Mediastinum | 73 | ||
| Superior and Posterior Mediastinum | 73 | ||
| Trachea and Bronchi | 73 | ||
| Esophagus | 73 | ||
| Thoracic Esophagus. | 73 | ||
| Blood Supply. | 73 | ||
| Nerve Supply. | 73 | ||
| Aorta | 73 | ||
| Ascending Aorta and Its Branches. | 74 | ||
| Aortic Arch and Its Branches. | 74 | ||
| Brachiocephalic Artery. | 74 | ||
| Left Common Carotid Artery. | 75 | ||
| Left Subclavian Artery. | 75 | ||
| Descending (Thoracic) Aorta. | 75 | ||
| Veins of the Thorax. | 75 | ||
| Inferior Vena Cava. | 76 | ||
| Superior Vena Cava and Its Tributaries. | 76 | ||
| The Azygos and Hemiazygos System of Veins. | 76 | ||
| The Thoracic Duct | 77 | ||
| Nerves of the Thorax | 78 | ||
| Intercostal Nerves. | 78 | ||
| Sympathetic Trunk and Its Branches. | 78 | ||
| Phrenic Nerve. | 79 | ||
| The Vagus Nerve (Cranial Nerve X). | 79 | ||
| Cardiac and Pulmonary Plexuses. | 79 | ||
| Thymus Gland | 79 | ||
| Review Questions | 79 | ||
| Questions 10 Through 12 | 80 | ||
| 4 The Abdomen, Pelvis, and Perineum | 81 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 81 | ||
| Skeleton and Subdivisions | 81 | ||
| Skeleton of the Abdomen | 81 | ||
| Thoracic Component | 81 | ||
| Vertebral Component | 81 | ||
| Pelvic Component | 81 | ||
| Os Coxae (Hip Bone). | 81 | ||
| Pelvic Cavity. | 81 | ||
| Divisions of the Abdomen | 81 | ||
| The Abdominal Walls | 82 | ||
| Anterolateral Abdominal Wall | 82 | ||
| Surface Features | 82 | ||
| Layers | 82 | ||
| Superficial Fascia. | 85 | ||
| Deep Fascia. | 85 | ||
| Muscles and Aponeuroses. | 85 | ||
| Transversalis Fascia. | 85 | ||
| Extraperitoneal Layer. | 85 | ||
| Peritoneum. | 85 | ||
| Inguinal Region | 87 | ||
| Spermatic Cord. | 87 | ||
| Layers. | 87 | ||
| Contents. | 87 | ||
| Scrotum. | 88 | ||
| Blood and Nerve Supply | 88 | ||
| Superior Abdominal Wall | 88 | ||
| Origins of the Thoracic Diaphragm | 88 | ||
| Insertion of the Diaphragm | 88 | ||
| Structures Passing Through the Diaphragm | 88 | ||
| Functions of the Diaphragm | 89 | ||
| Nerve Supply of the Diaphragm | 89 | ||
| Blood Supply of the Diaphragm | 89 | ||
| Posterior Abdominal Wall | 89 | ||
| Inferior Abdominal Wall | 90 | ||
| Muscles | 90 | ||
| The Perineum | 90 | ||
| Anal Triangle. | 90 | ||
| Urogenital Triangle. | 90 | ||
| Peritoneum and the Peritoneal Cavity | 91 | ||
| Nomenclature | 91 | ||
| Development of the Gut and Peritoneum | 91 | ||
| Blood and Nerve Supply to the Abdomen | 93 | ||
| Arterial Supply: The Abdominal Aorta | 93 | ||
| Somatic Branches | 93 | ||
| Inferior Phrenic Arteries. | 93 | ||
| Lumbar Arteries. | 93 | ||
| Median Sacral Artery. | 94 | ||
| Unpaired Branches to the Gut and Associated Glands | 94 | ||
| Celiac Trunk. | 94 | ||
| Superior Mesenteric Artery. | 94 | ||
| Inferior Mesenteric Artery. | 94 | ||
| Paired Branches to the Glands of the Genitourinary System | 94 | ||
| Suprarenal Arteries. | 94 | ||
| Renal Arteries. | 94 | ||
| Testicular/Ovarian Arteries. | 94 | ||
| Venous Return: The Inferior Vena Cava | 94 | ||
| Somatic Branches | 94 | ||
| Inferior Phrenic Veins (Paired). | 94 | ||
| Lumbar Veins (Paired). | 94 | ||
| Median Sacral Vein (Unpaired). | 94 | ||
| Tributaries of Genitourinary Glands (Paired) | 94 | ||
| Tributaries of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Associated Glands | 94 | ||
| Nerves of the Abdomen | 94 | ||
| Somatic Nerves | 94 | ||
| Autonomic Nerves | 95 | ||
| Sympathetic Nerves. | 95 | ||
| Parasympathetic Nerves. | 95 | ||
| Vagus Nerves. | 95 | ||
| Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves. | 95 | ||
| The Abdominal Viscera | 96 | ||
| The Gut (Alimentary Canal) | 96 | ||
| Components | 96 | ||
| Associated Glands and Viscera | 97 | ||
| Stomach | 97 | ||
| Position. | 97 | ||
| Features | 97 | ||
| Cardiac Portion. | 97 | ||
| Pylorus. | 98 | ||
| Body. | 98 | ||
| Curvatures. | 98 | ||
| Rugae. | 98 | ||
| Stomach Wall and Function. | 98 | ||
| Peritoneal Coverings and Attachments. | 98 | ||
| Lesser Omentum. | 98 | ||
| Greater Omentum. | 98 | ||
| Arterial Supply. | 98 | ||
| Left Gastric Artery. | 98 | ||
| Splenic Artery. | 98 | ||
| Common Hepatic Artery. | 100 | ||
| Summary of Arterial Supply. | 100 | ||
| Venous Return. | 100 | ||
| Duodenum | 100 | ||
| Position. | 100 | ||
| Parts. | 101 | ||
| Wall of the Duodenum and Its Function. | 101 | ||
| 5 The Neck | 124 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 124 | ||
| Skeleton and Surface Anatomy | 124 | ||
| The Cervical Skeleton | 124 | ||
| Skeleton of the Vertebral Unit | 124 | ||
| Skeleton of the Visceral Unit | 124 | ||
| Hyoid Bone. | 124 | ||
| Thyroid Cartilage. | 124 | ||
| Cricoid Cartilage. | 124 | ||
| Other Bones. | 124 | ||
| Surface Anatomy | 124 | ||
| Coverings and Regions | 126 | ||
| Fascial Coverings | 126 | ||
| Superficial Fascia and Platysma Muscle | 126 | ||
| Deep Cervical Fascia | 127 | ||
| Muscular Unit. | 127 | ||
| Visceral Unit | 128 | ||
| 6 The Skull | 153 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 153 | ||
| OVERVIEW | 153 | ||
| Neurocranium | 153 | ||
| The Facial Skeleton (Viscerocranium) | 153 | ||
| Views | 153 | ||
| Frontal View | 154 | ||
| Regions | 154 | ||
| Bones | 154 | ||
| Features | 154 | ||
| Forehead Region. | 154 | ||
| Zygomatic Area. | 154 | ||
| Orbital Area. | 154 | ||
| Margins. | 154 | ||
| Walls. | 154 | ||
| Orbital Openings | 154 | ||
| Nasal Region. | 157 | ||
| The Jaws. | 157 | ||
| Lateral View | 157 | ||
| Regions | 157 | ||
| Bones | 157 | ||
| Features | 157 | ||
| The Cranial Vault Region. | 157 | ||
| The Facial Region. | 159 | ||
| The Infratemporal Region. | 160 | ||
| Bones and Walls | 160 | ||
| 7 The Head by Regions | 202 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 202 | ||
| The Face and Scalp | 202 | ||
| Regions of the Face | 202 | ||
| Skeleton | 202 | ||
| Skin and Fascia | 202 | ||
| Skin | 202 | ||
| Superficial Fascia | 202 | ||
| Deep Fascia | 202 | ||
| Sensory (Cutaneous) Nerves of the Face | 202 | ||
| Facial Branches of the Ophthalmic Nerve | 202 | ||
| Supraorbital Nerve. | 202 | ||
| Supratrochlear Nerve. | 202 | ||
| Infratrochlear Nerve. | 203 | ||
| Lacrimal Nerve. | 203 | ||
| External Nasal Nerve. | 203 | ||
| Facial Branches of the Maxillary Nerve | 203 | ||
| Infraorbital Nerve. | 203 | ||
| Zygomaticofacial Nerve. | 203 | ||
| Zygomaticotemporal Nerve. | 203 | ||
| Facial Branches of the Mandibular Nerve | 205 | ||
| Auriculotemporal Nerve. | 205 | ||
| Buccal Branch of Cranial Nerve V3. | 205 | ||
| Mental Nerve. | 205 | ||
| Arteries of the Face | 205 | ||
| Facial Branches of the Ophthalmic Artery | 205 | ||
| Supraorbital Artery. | 205 | ||
| Supratrochlear Artery. | 205 | ||
| Dorsal Nasal Artery. | 205 | ||
| Lacrimal Artery. | 205 | ||
| External Nasal Artery. | 205 | ||
| Zygomatic Artery. | 205 | ||
| Facial Branches of the Maxillary Artery | 205 | ||
| Infraorbital Artery. | 205 | ||
| Buccal Artery. | 205 | ||
| Mental Artery. | 205 | ||
| Branches of the Facial Artery | 205 | ||
| Superior and Inferior Labial Branches. | 205 | ||
| Lateral Nasal Branches. | 206 | ||
| Angular Artery. | 206 | ||
| Facial Branches of the Superficial Temporal Artery | 206 | ||
| Veins of the Face | 207 | ||
| Veins That Accompany Cutaneous Nerves and Arteries | 207 | ||
| The Facial Vein. | 207 | ||
| The Retromandibular Vein. | 207 | ||
| Venous Communications | 208 | ||
| Muscles of the Face | 208 | ||
| Mouth | 209 | ||
| Orbicularis Oris. | 209 | ||
| Levator Anguli Oris. | 211 | ||
| Depressor Anguli Oris. | 211 | ||
| Zygomaticus Major. | 211 | ||
| Risorius. | 211 | ||
| Lips | 211 | ||
| Levator Labii Superioris. | 211 | ||
| Depressor Labii Inferioris. | 211 | ||
| Cheek | 211 | ||
| Buccinator | 211 | ||
| Origin. | 211 | ||
| Insertion. | 211 | ||
| Function. | 211 | ||
| Eye Region | 212 | ||
| Orbicularis Oculi. | 212 | ||
| Attachments. | 212 | ||
| Actions. | 212 | ||
| Chin: Mentalis | 212 | ||
| Nose: Nasalis | 212 | ||
| Forehead | 213 | ||
| Procerus. | 213 | ||
| Corrugator. | 213 | ||
| Frontalis. | 213 | ||
| Motor Nerves of the Face: The Facial Nerve | 213 | ||
| Superficial Branches | 213 | ||
| Temporal Branches. | 213 | ||
| Zygomatic Branches. | 213 | ||
| Buccal Branches. | 213 | ||
| Mandibular Branches. | 213 | ||
| Cervical Branches. | 213 | ||
| Sensory Nerve Communications | 213 | ||
| Features of the Face | 213 | ||
| Lips (Labia) | 213 | ||
| Layers. | 213 | ||
| Skin. | 214 | ||
| Muscle. | 214 | ||
| Glands. | 214 | ||
| Mucous Membrane. | 214 | ||
| Labial Frenula. | 214 | ||
| Arteries. | 215 | ||
| Sensory Nerves. | 215 | ||
| Functions. | 215 | ||
| Cheeks (Buccae) | 215 | ||
| Layers. | 215 | ||
| Blood Supply. | 215 | ||
| Nerve Supply (Sensory). | 215 | ||
| Functions. | 216 | ||
| External Nose | 216 | ||
| Framework. | 216 | ||
| 8 Systemic Review of the Head and Neck | 324 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 324 | ||
| Arteries | 324 | ||
| Veins | 324 | ||
| Lymphatics and Lymph Nodes | 324 | ||
| Superficial Ring of Nodes | 324 | ||
| Submental Nodes | 324 | ||
| 9 The Upper Limb | 351 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 351 | ||
| Skeleton | 351 | ||
| Shoulder (Pectoral) Girdle | 351 | ||
| Scapula | 351 | ||
| 10 The Lower Limb | 383 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 383 | ||
| Skeleton | 383 | ||
| Pelvic Girdle | 383 | ||
| Thigh | 383 | ||
| Femur | 383 | ||
| 11 Applied Anatomy | 409 | ||
| Chapter Outline | 409 | ||
| Anatomy of Local Anesthesia | 409 | ||
| Types of Local Anesthesia | 409 | ||
| Review Questions Answers | 443 | ||
| Chapter 1 | 443 | ||
| Chapter 2 | 443 | ||
| Chapter 3 | 443 | ||
| Chapter 4 | 443 | ||
| Chapter 5 | 443 | ||
| Chapter 6 | 443 | ||
| Chapter 7 | 443 | ||
| Chapter 8 | 444 | ||
| Chapter 9 | 444 | ||
| Chapter 10 | 444 | ||
| Chapter 11 | 444 | ||
| Index | 445 | ||
| A | 445 | ||
| B | 446 | ||
| C | 447 | ||
| D | 449 | ||
| E | 449 | ||
| F | 450 | ||
| G | 451 | ||
| H | 452 | ||
| I | 452 | ||
| J | 453 | ||
| K | 454 | ||
| L | 454 | ||
| M | 455 | ||
| N | 457 | ||
| O | 457 | ||
| P | 458 | ||
| Q | 459 | ||
| R | 460 | ||
| S | 460 | ||
| T | 462 | ||
| U | 464 | ||
| V | 464 | ||
| W | 464 | ||
| X | 464 | ||
| Z | 465 |