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Abstract

Big cities don’t have to mean a dystopian future. They can be turned around to be powerhouses of well-being and environmental sustainability – if we empower women.

This book is a unique collaboration between C40 and Friends of the Earth showcasing pioneering city mayors, key voices in the environmental and feminist movements, and academics. The essays collectively demonstrate both the need for women’s empowerment for climate action and the powerful change it can bring. A rallying call – for the planet, for women, for everyone.

 

 


'An inspiring call to action'
Liz Hutchins, Campaigns Director, Friends of the Earth

‘As we look to address the greatest challenge humankind has ever faced, we do so with one of the greatest possible resources: womankind… Empowering the next generation of women leaders is a concrete step towards securing a bright, sustainable future for all. Through this book, we are seeking to share the wisdom of a pioneering generation of women leaders with the leaders to come.’
Anne Hidalgo, Mayor of Paris, from the Foreword

‘If women are given equal opportunities to contribute to the global condition we will be able to create a safer, more just and more prosperous world. Universal wellbeing created by universal participation.’
Christiana Figueres, Architect of the Paris Climate Agreement

‘Climate action offers the opportunity to transform social and economic development for the better. We must take this opportunity to elevate women and girls as equals in a stable and sustainable society marked by lasting peace and prosperity. That is how women will save the planet.’
Patricia Espinosa, Executive Secretary, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

‘You can’t save the planet without equality … We need a new economics informed by the larger picture, an economy that puts women and the Earth at the centre.'
Vandana Shiva

‘Hope is a potent catalyst. And while our failure to adequately appreciate and guard against ecological destruction fills me with frustration, my hope is not meek or weak. It is urgent and raging. It’s a hope that believes a better world – away from cyclical war, the annihilation of the earth’s treasures and the grinding down of the poor – is possible.’
Caroline Lucas MP

'Provides a depth and breadth of diverse perspectives to answer yes to the question: "Could women’s empowerment transform the chances of achieving environmental sustainability?".'
Local Environment

Praise for the First Edition:

'A wake-up call for the environmental movement'
Craig Bennett, CEO of Friends of the Earth

'…this book is relevant to a wide audience (arguably everyone): to inform our understanding of discrimination against women, and to provide inspiring insight and encouragement into opportunities for achieving not only gender equality but environmental sustainability too.'
Environment and Urbanization


For more than forty years, Friends of the Earth has seen that the well-being of people and planet go hand in hand. Together with thousands of people they have secured safer food and water, defended wildlife and natural habitats, championed the move to clean energy and acted to keep our climate stable.

C40 Cities connects more than ninety of the world’s greatest cities, representing over 650 million people. C40 is focused on tackling climate change and driving urban action that reduces greenhouse gas emissions and climate risks, while increasing the health, wellbeing and economic opportunities of urban citizens.


Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover Cover
Title Page v
Copyright vi
Contents vii
Acknowledgements xiii
Foreword: Anne Hidalgo: Mayor of Paris and Chair of C40 Cities\r xv
Introduction: Nicola Baird\r 1
1: Christiana Figueres: Architect of the Paris Climate Change Agreement, Conference of the Parties (CoP) 21: The power of stubborn optimism\r 5
2: Patricia Espinosa: Executive Secretary, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: Empowering women to power up the Paris Climate Change Agreement\r 12
Smart collaboration 13
Give women a voice 15
Open to change 16
3: Susan Buckingham: Independent gender researcher and consultant and feminist geographer, Cambridge, UK: The hissing of summer lawns: cities, gender and climate change\r 18
Who designs cities? 19
What can we do? 23
Conclusion 25
4: Zandile Gumede: Mayor of Durban, South Africa: What’s happening in Durban: from ‘tree-preneurs’ to trendsetters\r 27
Inspiring all women 28
Using a gender-sensitive plan 30
5: Diane Elson: University of Essex: Women’s empowerment and environmental sustainability in the context of international UN agreements\r 32
Introduction 32
International UN agreements on the environment and women’s empowerment 32
Meanings of empowerment and sustainability 35
Green economy: gender equitable and environmentally sustainable? 37
Conclusions 40
6: Alexandra Palt: Chief Corporate Responsibility Officer, L’Oréal, Paris: Walking the talk: empowering tomorrow’s women leaders\r 42
7: Lola Young: House of Lords, London: How holistic thinking benefits people and the planet\r 49
8: Nathalie Holvoet and Liesbeth Inberg: University of Antwerp: How gender-sensitive are National Adaptation Programmes of Action? Selected findings from a desk review of thirty-one sub-Saharan African countries 55
Introduction 55
Gender and climate change: different discourse sand approaches 57
Discussion of findings and way forward 60
9: Atti Worku: Founder and CEO of Seeds of Africa, a non-profit changing the face of education in Adama, Ethiopia: Why educating girls is essential for a sustainable future\r 63
How does climate change impact women? 64
Why women? 65
What do we need to build a sustainable future? 66
Women’s positive impact on sustainable development 67
What is the status of girls’ education today? 68
Conclusion 69
10: Shukri Haji Ismail Bandare and Fatima Jibrell: NGO leaders: Women, conflict and the environment in Somali society\r 71
Trees for people and the environment 73
Conflict and the environment 74
Challenges of environmental governance 75
Women and the environment 76
Gender in society and politics 77
11: Skarin Nansen: Chair of Friends of the Earth International, Uruguay: The close ties between social and environmental justice\r 80
12: Gotelind Alber: GenderCC: Women for Climate Justice, Berlin: Engendering urban climate policy\r 87
Urban planning and urban design 90
Resilience, health and livelihoods 90
Mobility and transport 91
Disasters and emergencies 91
Energy demand 92
Additional fields of action 92
Next steps 93
13: Lyla Mehta and Melissa Leach: Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex: Why do gender equality and sustainability go hand in hand?\r 95
Gender inequality and patterns of unsustainability 95
Whose Anthropocene and who sets the boundaries? 96
Green economies: business as usual? 98
Pathways to gender equality and sustainability 101
14: Naoko Ishii: CEO and Chairperson, Global Environment Facility, Washington DC: The benefits of using a gender lens\r 105
Adding gender analysis improves project design 106
No more gender-blind projects 108
15: Caroline Lucas: UK Green Party MP: Is there a specific role for women in helping to achieve environmental sustainability through politics? 109
Women and leadership 112
Collaboration 114
Deeds not words 116
Feeling as a catalyst 117
16: Julie A. Nelson: Economist, University of Massachusetts, Boston: Empowering a balanced and useful economics of sustainability: the role of gender\r 120
A more subtle relation between gender and sustainability 120
The state of mainstream economics 121
Feminist critiques of (social) science 124
The myth of the machine 125
A necessary intervention: reinventing economics 127
One more note on gender 128
Last words 129
17: Vandana Shiva: Philosopher, activist and co-author of Ecofeminism: Hand in hand: women’s empowerment and sustainability\r 130
18: Celia Alldridge: Activist with World March of Women: How the defence of the commons and territories has become a core part of feminist, anti-capitalist struggles\r 141
Women on the march for autonomy over our bodies and self-determination of our territories … until we are all free 141
Women reflecting on and strengthening their relationship with nature and the environment 142
The People’s Summit 2012: feminist resistance against the green economy and false market solutions 144
4th World March of Women International Action: a year of feminist struggle for bodily autonomy and territorial self-determination 147
The feminist fight against corporate control of our bodies, commons and territories 149
19: Maria Mies: Sociologist, activist and co-author of Ecofeminism: Mother Earth 154
Images of the Earth Mother 157
20: Jude Kelly: Artistic Director of Southbank Centre, London: From icebergs to climate refugees\r 161
21: Nidhi Tandon: Networked Intelligence for Development, Canada: From individual to communal rights: empowering women for sustainable use of natural resources\r 167
Between a rock and a hard place 168
22: Anna Fitzpatrick: Centre for Sustainable Fashion, University of the Arts London: The role of fashion in bringing about social and ecological change\r 177
Why fashion? 178
Asking questions 180
Habit(AT) 181
‘Craft of use’ 182
Dress for our time 183
23: Carina Hirsch: The Margaret Pyke Trust, with the Population & Sustainability Network: Family planning: a win-win for women and sustainability\r 187
Meeting the unmet need: unleashing the power of family planning 187
Sustainability: what’s population got to do with it? 189
Family planning as a recognised climate change adaptation strategy 191
Empowering women and girls as agents of change 192
What has this got to do with sexual and reproductive health and rights? 193
Population, Health and Environment: a revolution for women and the environment? 194
An integrated development agenda: a win-win for human and planetary health 196
24: Kate Metcalf and colleagues: UK Women’s Environmental Network: The power of grassroots action for women’s empowerment and the environment\r 199
Past projects and successes 199
Current grassroots work: the Local Food project 202
Developing skills 205
Women’s role in the alternative food economy: successes and constraints 205
Conclusion 208
25: Marylyn Haines Evans: National Federation of Women’s Institutes: One hundred years of collective action for environmental change\r 211
26: Juliet Davenport: CEO of Good Energy: The impact of gender balance in the renewable energy sector\r 218
27: Emma Howard Boyd: Chair, Environment Agency and 30% Club for women in business leadership: More women in business for a sustainable economy\r 226
‘We cannot return to the old macho ways’ 226
So what has been the catalyst behind this breakthrough? How have we improved outcomes and moved away from a period where efforts exceeded results? 228
Growing the female talent pipeline needs to be high on the agenda for every board and executive committee 230
Investors are in a unique position to encourage companies to improve their gender diversity – but not just at board level 231
So what is it that investors, in particular, can focus on? 232
More women in business makes for better business overall 233
Gender-diverse boards can help companies and stakeholders alike 235
Notes 237
About the contributors 255