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Rethinking Global Democracy in Brazil

Rethinking Global Democracy in Brazil

Markus Fraundorfer

(2017)

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Abstract

In recent years, a growing literature has focused on how to create more effective and democratic global governance mechanisms to better tackle global challenges such as health epidemics, global hunger, Internet surveillance or the consequences of climate change. Yet there is a gap in accessible published material to reflect contributions of democratic states from the global South.

Among these democracies from the global South, Brazil is a popular case for teachers and researchers looking to study global governance mechanisms. This book provides students with a framework that challenges the Western-centred views on questions of how to democratise global governance processes, arguing that developing democracies from the global South have developed serious and sustainable approaches to a more democratic global system.

With chapters on Brazil’s responses to global food security, the purchase of drugs, open government initiatives and internet governance, this book opens up contemporary and novel practices of democracy for examination.
This important book offers novel assessments of contributions from Brazil and Brazilians towards more democratic global governance. Experiences in four issue-areas show that innovative initiatives from rising actors in world politics can help to give valuable concrete form to ‘global democracy’.
Jan Aart Scholte, Professor of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg
Markus Fraundorfer examines democracy at the intersection of Brazilian and global politics. The book illuminates how the national and global are enmeshed and how a vibrant democracy depends on a process of democratization in both arenas. This is a consistently illuminating and powerful narrative that will enhance how we understand contemporary politics, the intersections of the national and global, and how we can advance a fair and democratic public domain.
David Held, Professor of Politics and International Relations, Durham University
Markus Fraundorfer is Lecturer in Global Governance at the University of Leeds.
What I appreciate most about Fraundorfer’s new book is his genuine commitment with the proposal of offering to readers a non-Eurocentric account of democratic global governance, learning from a host of political experiments in Brazil – one of the largest laboratories for public policies in the global South – some innovative lessons that can meaningfully apply to other communities around the globe.
Dawisson Belém Lopes, Professor of International and Comparative Politics, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil
In Rethinking Global Democracy in Brazil, Fraundorfer finds reasons for hope that multilateral institutions will do a better and more evenhanded job at tackling pressing global problems by sharing power with civil society organizations and affected local communities. Fraundorfer closely examines four recent cases in which such interactions took place, all involving Brazil: the development of the World Health Organization–backed international drug purchase facility called Unitaid; the promulgation of rights-based doctrines by the UN’s Committee on World Food Security; the establishment of the eight-nation pro-transparency Open Government Partnership; and the NETmundial global meeting, a one-off effort to advance ethical Internet governance. During the reign of Lula’s Workers’ Party, Brazil served as a fascinating laboratory for these democracy-expanding innovations. Brazilian representatives, including Amorim, possessed the expertise and credibility to play leading roles in all four international exercises. To his credit, Fraundorfer recognizes that such experiments are extremely fragile, typically entail only voluntary commitments, produce more doctrinal posturing than policy implementation, and depend on the goodwill of progressive governments—which is currently in short supply.
An engaging analysis of Brazil’s growing international role and impact. The fascinating cases presented underscore the importance of the Global South as a source of innovative policy ideas and forms of governance, with the potential to help democratize global governance and tackle pressing global problems. This is essential reading for anyone interested in how rising powers from the Global South are transforming global governance.
Kristen Hopewell, Senior Lecturer in International Political Economy, University of Edinburgh

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Rethinking Global Democracy in Brazil Cover
Contents vii
Acknowledgements ix
Abbreviations xiii
1 Introduction 1
New Realities, Old Structures 1
Old Structures, Undemocratic Structures 2
Brazil: A Laboratory for Democratic Experiments in the Tropics 6
Organisation of the Book 12
2 Democratising Global Governance 17
The Peculiarities of the Global Governance System 18
Ideal Types of a Democratic Global Order 22
Promoting Democratic Practices in Global Governance as People-Power 29
The Theoretical Framework: Three Indicators of People-Power 36
3 Brazil and the Purchase of Drugs 59
The Brazilian Way of Tackling HIV/AIDS 60
The Creation of UNITAID: One for All, All for One 63
Democratic Practices at UNITAID 73
4 Brazil and Food Security 85
Brazil’s National Food Security and Nutrition Framework 86
The Reform of the Committee on World Food Security: New Beginnings 90
Democratic Practices in the Committee on World Food Security 109
5 Brazil and Open Government 127
The Participatory Budgeting Programmes 128
The Open Government Partnership: A New Paradigm? 132
Democratic Practices in the Open Government Partnership 148
6 Brazil and Internet Governance 161
The Regulatory Framework for the Internet 162
The NETmundial Meeting: A New Point of Departure in Global Internet Governance 165
Democratic Practices during the NETmundial Meeting 172
7 Conclusion 183
Rethinking Global Democracy in Brazil 183
A Pattern Emerges 186
Brazil’s Future Role in Global Democracy 195
Interviews 201
Bibliography 203
Index 227