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Protest Movements and Parties of the Left

Protest Movements and Parties of the Left

David J. Bailey

(2017)

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Book Details

Abstract

How successful are social movements and left parties at achieving social and political change? How, if at all, can movements and parties work together to challenge existing hierarchies? Is the political left witnessing a revival in contemporary politics?

This book highlights some of the key achievements of left parties and protest movements in their goal of challenging different types of inequality – and considers the ways in which their challenge to authority and power could be intensified. It combines new theoretical ideas with rich empirical detail on the debates and concrete activities undertaken by left parties and protest movements over a broad historical period, from the early European labour movement to the recent anti-austerity global protests. The book will offer unique insight into the broad history and theory of emancipatory politics; as well as making an important contribution to ongoing debates between left-leaning academics, researchers and activists.
David J. Bailey is lecturer in political science at the University of Birmingham. His first book, The Political Economy of European Social Democracy: a critical realist approach, was published in 2009. Since then he has published two co-edited books, European Social Democracy During the Global Economic Crisis: Renovation or Resignation? (2014) and The European Union and Global Governance: A Handbook (2011). He has also published articles in New Political Economy, Socio-Economic Review, Journal of Common Market Studies, Comparative European Politics, British Politics, Journal of European Social Policy, and the Journal of European Public Policy. He is the reviews editor of Comparative European Politics and of Capital and Class.
This rich introductory book takes us through key moments of resistance by protest movements and parties of the left. From the Russian Revolution to the Arab Spring, each of the ‘stories of disruption’ discussed in the book are proven to be both historically significant and presently relevant. The book is a must for students of political sociology and radical politics.
Ana Cecilia Dinerstein, author of The Politics of Autonomy in Latin America
With the recent return of the left to the political stage, Protest Movements and Parties of the Left offers a timely and detailed account of the various modes of protest and struggle adopted by the left in its historical quest to disrupt anti-democratic domination, in all its forms. Notable especially in its refusal of pessimism, David Bailey’s book surveys the greatest moments of the left’s historical struggle, striving to catch the spark of revolutionary potential in each, where the impossible was somehow, suddenly, made possible. Adopting something of a ‘toolbox’ approach, students and advanced scholars alike will appreciate Bailey’s open-minded stance on left strategy, finding those sparks everywhere, from the early days of 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, to the anarchist movements of the Spanish Civil War, to the more recent Occupy movement, and the ‘Left Populist’ struggles in Latin America and Europe.
Nicholas Kiersey, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Ohio University Chillicothe
Bailey provides an impressive tour de force through the history of radical protest movements, their intellectual underpinnings, tactics and interlinkages with the statist Left. Written with such clarity and striking a perfect balance between a historical overview and refreshing new insights, the book is essential not only for students but also our collective memory of past and contemporary social struggles.
Angela Wigger, Associate Professor Global Political Economy, Radboud University

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Protest Movements and Parties of the Left Cover
Contents v
Acknowledgements ix
Introduction: From radical dilemmas to affirming disruption 1
What is the left? 2
How to study the left? Between marginality and co-optation 4
Beyond marginality versus co-optation: Creativity, mapping, disruption 7
Mapping 8
Creativity 9
Disruption 10
Plan of the book 11
Part 1: Labour Movement Struggles 17
1 The Russian Revolution and ‘all power to the Bolsheviks’ 19
1905 20
From the 1905 Revolution to the 1917 Revolution 25
The Civil War and War Communism 37
NEP and the demise of the revolution 38
2 Anarchists and the Spanish Civil War: ‘Fighting against all sides at once’ 41
The historical context of the Spanish Civil War 44
The Spanish Revolution 46
Conclusion 58
3 The parliamentary route to socialism: Reformism, revisionism and the ‘third way’ 59
Pre-1945: Contested reformism 61
‘Traditional social democracy’: Channelling working-class disruption 65
Towards a ‘new’ or ‘third way’ social democracy: Dampening disruption? 72
Part 2: Beyond Class: Pluralizing Social Struggle? 79
4 Civil rights movement: Disrupting racism in the ‘free world’ 81
Early campaigns 84
Direct action: The sit-in movement and Freedom Rides 87
The faltering response of the liberal political elite 90
From liberal legislation to the post-1965 rise of Black Power? 93
Conclusion 99
5 1968: The emergence of a ‘New Left’ 101
The New Left 102
Cultural critique 103
Intellectual movements 103
Protest movements 106
1968 110
Conclusion 115
6 We’re starting our own movement: Feminist challenges to left patriarchy 117
First wave 118
Second wave 129
Third wave 133
Conclusion 136
7 Different struggle, same dilemmas? Environmentalism, the Fundis-Realos divide and the move towards Green expertise 139
Modern environmentalism: From new left to new experts? 139
A cyclical process? 148
Conclusion 150
Part 3: Contemporary Struggles 153
8 Contention when ‘there is no alternative’: Anti/alter-globalization 155
Zapatistas and the birth of the anti-globalization movement 156
The Battle of Seattle and Beyond 161
Conclusion 168
9 Contemporary protest movements: Anti-austerity and pragmatic prefiguration 171
Global economic crisis, global political protest 172
Arab Spring 175
Indignados 176
Occupy 179
From public squares to solidarity economies? 181
Disruptive prefigurative protest as the ‘new normal’? 183
10 Contemporary left parties: The turn of a new populist left? 189
The rise of a populist left in Latin America? 189
Venezuela 191
Bolivia 193
Argentina 194
The decline and demise of social democracy, and the rise of a populist left in Europe? 198
The death of social democracy: Fending off Pasokification? 198
The rise of the populist left alternative in Europe? 206
Syriza 206
Spain: Podemos, Ada Colau and the citizens’ coalitions 208
Conclusion 210
Conclusions 211
References 215
Index 233
About the Author 237