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Abstract
In the light of the deepening crisis of capitalism and continued non-Western capitalist accumulation, Henry Heller re-examines the debates surrounding the transition from feudalism to capitalism in Europe and elsewhere.
Focusing on arguments about the origin, nature and sustainability of capitalism, Heller offers a new reading of the historical evidence and a critical interrogation of the transition debate. He advances the idea that capitalism must be understood as a political as well as an economic entity. This book breathes new life into the scholarship, taking issue with the excessively economistic approach of Robert Brenner, which has gained increasing support over the last ten years. It concludes that the future of capitalism is more threatened than ever before.
The new insights in this book make it essential reading for engaged students and scholars of political economy and history.
'Sets a new standard in the study of the transition from feudalism to capitalism. A must for anybody interested in the transition debates'
Michael Perelman, author of The Invention of Capitalism: Classical Political Economy and the Secret History of Primitive Accumulation
'While many fantasise about an 'Empire' unified on a planetary
level, this is a brilliant analysis of the role of national states in
the forming and functioning of capitalism'
Domenico Losurdo, University of Urbino, author of Liberalism: A Counter-History
'A comprehensive, critical but balanced account from a classical Marxist perspective of the entire debate and its various controversies'
Neil Davidson
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Cover | Cover | ||
Contents | vii | ||
Preface and Acknowledgements | xi | ||
Introduction: Problems and Methods | 1 | ||
Capitalist Origins and Crises | 3 | ||
Economism and Eurocentrism | 4 | ||
An Alternative Reading | 5 | ||
Plan of the Book | 7 | ||
The Argument | 9 | ||
The Unity of the Marxist Method | 11 | ||
Alternatives to Marxism | 13 | ||
Marxism and History | 15 | ||
Capitalism and World History | 20 | ||
1. The Decline of Feudalism | 23 | ||
Dobb's Opening Gambit | 24 | ||
Dobb Versus Sweezy | 27 | ||
Takahashi and Hilton | 28 | ||
Class Struggle | 30 | ||
The Role of Towns | 31 | ||
Uneven Development | 32 | ||
The New Left Takes Over | 34 | ||
Japanese Feudalism | 35 | ||
The Last Rampart of Feudalism | 38 | ||
Brenner and the Late Medieval Crisis | 40 | ||
The East-West Divide | 41 | ||
The Logic of Accumulation | 42 | ||
Bois Objects | 43 | ||
Harman's Riposte | 45 | ||
The Role of Social Differentiation | 47 | ||
Dialectics of Social Relations | 50 | ||
2. Experiments in Capitalism: Italy, Germany, France | 52 | ||
Renaissance Italy | 54 | ||
The Dominance of Merchant Capital | 57 | ||
The Failure of Italian Capitalism | 57 | ||
The Predatory City-State | 59 | ||
German Capitalism | 61 | ||
Engels and Early Bourgeois Revolution | 62 | ||
History in the Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR) | 65 | ||
Revolution of the Common People | 67 | ||
Tom Scott's Structural Adjustment | 68 | ||
France | 71 | ||
Brenner's Other | 71 | ||
Capitalism in France | 72 | ||
Conclusion | 74 | ||
3. English Capitalism | 76 | ||
Dobb Versus Sweezy | 77 | ||
Primitive Accumulation | 79 | ||
The Really Revolutionary Way | 80 | ||
Wallerstein's World System | 81 | ||
Brenner's Attack on 'Neo-Smithian Marxism' | 83 | ||
The Problems with Brenner | 87 | ||
The Non-European Contribution to European Capitalism | 89 | ||
The Causes of Under-Development | 91 | ||
Primitive Accumulation in the Periphery | 92 | ||
Markets and History | 94 | ||
The Capitalist Farmer | 97 | ||
Salvaging Brenner? | 99 | ||
The Birth of Value | 102 | ||
Conclusion | 103 | ||
4. Bourgeois Revolution | 104 | ||
Holland | 105 | ||
Dutch Merchant Capitalism | 108 | ||
Agrarian Capitalism | 111 | ||
The Political Marxists | 115 | ||
England | 118 | ||
The Capitalist Farmers in Marx | 121 | ||
The Middle Sort | 123 | ||
France | 127 | ||
The Rise in Political Economy | 129 | ||
Wage Labour in France | 131 | ||
The Revolutionary Crisis | 133 | ||
Conclusion | 133 | ||
5. Political Capitalism | 135 | ||
Lords in the Making of the Modern World | 137 | ||
The American and Prussian Paths | 141 | ||
Combined and Uneven Development in Scotland | 145 | ||
Japanese Capitalism | 149 | ||
The Mercantilism of Free Trade | 152 | ||
Colonialism | 162 | ||
Slavery | 168 | ||
Conclusion | 174 | ||
6. The Industrial Revolution: Marxist Perspectives | 176 | ||
Hobsbawm and the Overseas Market | 179 | ||
Marx on Manufacture and Industry | 181 | ||
Dobb and the Proletariat | 185 | ||
The Labour Process | 186 | ||
Technological Determinism | 188 | ||
Thompson and the Working Class Making its Own History... | 190 | ||
...But Not in Circumstances of its Own Choosing | 193 | ||
The Human Cost | 196 | ||
Proto-Industrialization | 199 | ||
The Industrious Revolution | 202 | ||
The Scientific Revolution | 206 | ||
The Effacement of the Bourgeoisie | 210 | ||
Conclusion | 213 | ||
7. Capitalism and World History | 215 | ||
The Attack on Eurocentrism | 217 | ||
Postcolonial Histories | 221 | ||
The Great Divergence | 228 | ||
The Asian Industrious Revolution | 233 | ||
A Non-Eurocentric History | 238 | ||
Harvey's Spatial Fix | 239 | ||
Capitalism Versus Humanity and Nature | 240 | ||
Conclusion | 243 | ||
Notes | 252 | ||
Bibliography | 274 | ||
Index | 297 |