BOOK
Edexcel GCE Geography Y2 A Level Student Book
Lindsay Frost | Daniel Mace | Paul Wraight | Lauren Lewis
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This is the A Level Year 2 Student Book and ActiveBook (e-book) bundle. The ActiveBook is for a single user and is a 3 year subscription.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Front Cover | ||
| Contents | 3 | ||
| How to use this book | 4 | ||
| A level assessment outline | 5 | ||
| Individual investigation | 7 | ||
| Paper 3 synoptic investigation | 17 | ||
| Topic 5: The Water Cycle and Water Insecurity | 22 | ||
| What are the processes operating within the hydrological cycle from global to local scale? | 24 | ||
| The global hydrological cycle | 24 | ||
| A drainage basin: an open system | 26 | ||
| Physical factors affecting drainage basin inputs | 26 | ||
| Physical factors affecting drainage basin fl ows | 28 | ||
| Physical factors affecting drainage basin outputs | 29 | ||
| Human disruptions to the drainage basin cycle | 31 | ||
| Local-scale water budgets and river systems | 33 | ||
| River regimes | 34 | ||
| Storm hydrographs | 36 | ||
| What factors influence the hydrological system over short- and long-term timescales? | 40 | ||
| Deficits within the hydrological cycle (drought) | 40 | ||
| The physical causes of drought | 40 | ||
| Drought risk from human activities | 46 | ||
| The impacts of drought on ecosystems | 49 | ||
| Hydrological cycle surpluses and fl ooding | 51 | ||
| The meteorological causes of flooding | 51 | ||
| Human actions that can increase flood risk | 52 | ||
| How climate change may affect the hydrological cycle | 55 | ||
| Uncertainties and water security | 56 | ||
| How does water insecurity occur, and why is it becoming such a global issue for the 21st century? | 58 | ||
| The causes of water insecurity | 58 | ||
| The physical causes of water insecurity | 59 | ||
| The human causes of water insecurity | 60 | ||
| Rising demand and future water scarcity | 61 | ||
| The consequences and risks of water insecurity | 62 | ||
| The global pattern of water scarcity | 62 | ||
| The price of water | 63 | ||
| The importance of water supply | 64 | ||
| Conflicts between water users | 65 | ||
| Different approaches to managing water supply | 67 | ||
| Hard-engineering schemes | 67 | ||
| Sustainable water supply schemes | 69 | ||
| Integrated drainage basin management | 71 | ||
| Summary: Knowledge check | 73 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 74 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 75 | ||
| Thinking Synoptically: Water Stress | 76 | ||
| Topic 6: The Carbon Cycle and Energy Security | 78 | ||
| How does the carbon cycle operate to maintain planetary health? | 80 | ||
| Long-term biogeochemical cycles | 80 | ||
| Carbon stores | 80 | ||
| Sedimentary carbonate rocks | 82 | ||
| Geological carbon release | 84 | ||
| Short-term biological processes | 85 | ||
| Surface and deep ocean waters | 85 | ||
| Terrestrial primary producers and soils | 86 | ||
| Earth systems and human activities | 87 | ||
| The natural greenhouse effect | 87 | ||
| Oceanic and terrestrial photosynthesis | 88 | ||
| The implications of fossil fuel consumption | 89 | ||
| What are the consequences for people and the environment of our increasing demand for energy? | 91 | ||
| Energy security | 91 | ||
| Consumption patterns and energy mix | 91 | ||
| Access to energy resources | 93 | ||
| Energy players | 94 | ||
| Fossil fuels and economic development | 98 | ||
| Fossil fuels: supply and demand | 98 | ||
| Energy pathways | 99 | ||
| Unconventional fossil fuel resources | 101 | ||
| Alternative energy resources | 105 | ||
| Renewable and recyclable energy | 105 | ||
| The growth of biofuels | 106 | ||
| Radical technologies | 108 | ||
| How are the carbon and water cycles linked to the global climate system? | 111 | ||
| Threats to the carbon and water cycles | 111 | ||
| The growing demand for resources | 111 | ||
| Ocean acidification | 114 | ||
| Shifting climates | 115 | ||
| Implications for human wellbeing | 117 | ||
| Forest loss | 117 | ||
| Increased temperature and evaporation rates | 119 | ||
| Threats to ocean health | 120 | ||
| Responses to large-scale carbon release | 121 | ||
| Natural and human factors and feedback mechanisms | 121 | ||
| Adaptation strategies | 124 | ||
| Rebalancing the carbon cycle | 125 | ||
| Summary: Knowledge check | 129 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 130 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 131 | ||
| Thinking Synoptically: Twilight of Resources | 132 | ||
| Topic 7: Superpowers | 134 | ||
| What are superpowers and how have they changed over time? | 136 | ||
| Geopolitical power | 136 | ||
| The characteristics of superpowers | 136 | ||
| How superpowers maintain power | 138 | ||
| Superpowers and geostrategic theory | 139 | ||
| Patterns of power | 140 | ||
| Colonial (direct) control | 140 | ||
| Post-war indirect control | 142 | ||
| Geopolitical stability and risk | 144 | ||
| The influence of the emerging powers | 145 | ||
| BRICS countries and the G20 | 145 | ||
| The likely success of emerging countries | 146 | ||
| Development theories | 148 | ||
| What are the impacts of superpowers on the global economy, political systems and the physical environment? | 150 | ||
| The global economic system | 150 | ||
| Intergovernmental organisations | 150 | ||
| TNCs and trade | 152 | ||
| ‘Western’ cultural influence | 153 | ||
| International decision-making | 154 | ||
| Global action | 154 | ||
| Global geostrategy | 155 | ||
| The UN and global stability | 157 | ||
| Global environmental concerns | 158 | ||
| Environmental degradation | 158 | ||
| Willingness to act | 159 | ||
| Resources and future consumption | 160 | ||
| What spheres of influence are contested by superpowers and what are the implications of this? | 162 | ||
| How global influence is contested | 162 | ||
| Disputes over resources | 162 | ||
| Intellectual property and counterfeiting | 164 | ||
| Challenges to spheres of influence | 165 | ||
| Relationships with developing nations | 167 | ||
| The challenges and opportunities of interdependence | 167 | ||
| The world’s changing centre of gravity | 169 | ||
| Continuing tension in the Middle East | 171 | ||
| Challenges to the existing superpowers | 173 | ||
| Economic problems | 173 | ||
| Questioning global military power | 175 | ||
| Summary: Knowledge check | 180 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 182 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 183 | ||
| Thinking Synoptically: Haiti Vulnerability | 184 | ||
| Topic 8A: Global development and connections: Health, Human Rights and Intervention | 186 | ||
| What is human development and why do levels vary from place to place? | 188 | ||
| Concepts of human development | 188 | ||
| Traditional measures of development | 188 | ||
| Alternative measures of development | 191 | ||
| Health and human rights goals | 193 | ||
| Development through economic growth | 194 | ||
| The role of education in development | 196 | ||
| Patterns of human health and life expectancy | 197 | ||
| Health and life expectancy in the developing world | 197 | ||
| Health and life expectancy in the developed world | 201 | ||
| Health and life expectancy variations within countries | 202 | ||
| The role of governments and IGOs | 206 | ||
| Links between economic and social development | 206 | ||
| The views and programmes of IGOs | 207 | ||
| Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals | 208 | ||
| Why do human rights vary from place to place? | 210 | ||
| Human rights laws | 210 | ||
| The Universal Declaration of Human Rights | 210 | ||
| The European Convention on Human Rights | 211 | ||
| The Geneva Convention | 212 | ||
| Definitions and protection of human rights | 212 | ||
| Approaches to human rights | 212 | ||
| Variations in human rights and freedom of speech | 213 | ||
| Levels of political corruption | 214 | ||
| Social development and human rights | 217 | ||
| Gender and ethnicity rights | 217 | ||
| Health and education differences | 218 | ||
| Equality movements within countries | 219 | ||
| How are human rights used as arguments for political and military intervention? | 220 | ||
| Geopolitical interventions | 220 | ||
| Aid, embargoes and military action | 220 | ||
| Interventions and consensus | 222 | ||
| Justifications for intervention | 223 | ||
| The impact of development aid | 225 | ||
| Forms of development aid | 225 | ||
| The strengths and weaknesses of development aid | 226 | ||
| Economic development, the environment and human rights | 229 | ||
| Military aid and intervention | 230 | ||
| Motives for military intervention | 230 | ||
| Military aid | 231 | ||
| Direct military intervention | 232 | ||
| What are the outcomes of geopolitical interventions interms of human development and human rights? | 234 | ||
| Measuring the success of interventions | 234 | ||
| Measurements of success | 234 | ||
| Democratic institutions and freedom of expression | 236 | ||
| Economic growth versus wellbeing and rights | 236 | ||
| The mixed record of development aid | 238 | ||
| Aid, development, health and human rights | 238 | ||
| Economic inequalities and health and life expectancy | 239 | ||
| Superpowers and development aid | 240 | ||
| The mixed record of military interventions | 242 | ||
| The costs of military interventions | 242 | ||
| Non-military interventions | 242 | ||
| The consequences of lack of action | 244 | ||
| Summary: Knowledge check | 246 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 248 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 249 | ||
| Topic 8B: Global development and connections: Migration, Identity and Sovereignty | 250 | ||
| What are the impacts of globalisation on international migration? | 252 | ||
| Globalisation and increasing migration | 252 | ||
| Migration within countries | 254 | ||
| Migration between countries | 255 | ||
| Patterns of international migration | 257 | ||
| The causes of migration | 258 | ||
| Challenges to national identity and sovereignty | 261 | ||
| The movement of labour within countries | 261 | ||
| The consequences of international migration | 262 | ||
| Contrasting responses to migration | 263 | ||
| Unequal controls on international migration | 264 | ||
| How are nation states defined and how have they evolved in a globalising world? | 267 | ||
| What is a nation state? | 267 | ||
| The origins of national borders | 269 | ||
| Contested borders and conflict | 271 | ||
| Nationalism and the modern world | 272 | ||
| Independence movements since 1945 | 273 | ||
| The ‘wind of change’ | 274 | ||
| Post-colonial conflict | 275 | ||
| A new international economic order | 276 | ||
| Post-colonial migration | 276 | ||
| The emergence of new state forms | 277 | ||
| Tax havens and tax avoidance | 277 | ||
| Growing inequality: a threat to the world economy | 278 | ||
| What are the impacts of global organisations on managing global issues and conflicts? | 280 | ||
| Important global organisations (post-1945) | 280 | ||
| The UN’s role in global governance | 281 | ||
| UN geopolitical interventions | 282 | ||
| The ‘war on terror’, geopolitical relations and global stability | 284 | ||
| IGO control of world trade and financial flows | 285 | ||
| The International Monetary Fund (IMF) | 285 | ||
| The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) | 286 | ||
| GATT and the World Trade Organisation (WTO) | 286 | ||
| Structural adjustment and poverty reduction | 287 | ||
| Economic IGOs and trading blocs | 289 | ||
| IGO management of environmental problems | 290 | ||
| Management of the oceans, rivers and biodiversity | 291 | ||
| The management of Antarctica | 293 | ||
| What are the threats to national sovereignty in a more globalised world? | 294 | ||
| The concept of national identity | 294 | ||
| Identity, loyalty and national ‘character’ | 295 | ||
| National identity and multinationalism | 295 | ||
| Challenges to national identity | 297 | ||
| ‘Westernisation’ | 297 | ||
| International ownership patterns | 299 | ||
| The consequences of national disunity | 300 | ||
| Political tensions in emerging economies | 301 | ||
| Failed states | 302 | ||
| Summary: Knowledge check | 304 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 306 | ||
| Preparing for your A level exams | 307 | ||
| Appendix: Maths and statistics answers | 308 | ||
| Independent Investigation | 308 | ||
| Activity page 14 | 308 | ||
| Chapter 2: Carbon and Energy | 308 | ||
| Activity page 81 | 308 | ||
| Activity page 89 | 308 | ||
| Activity page 96 | 308 | ||
| Activity page 121 | 309 | ||
| Chapter 5: Migration, identity and sovereignty | 309 | ||
| Activity page 268 | 309 | ||
| Glossary | 310 | ||
| Index | 315 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 319 | ||
| Back Cover | Back Cover |