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Book Details
Abstract
This is a comprehensive analysis of three decades of neoliberal policies in Chile, from the Pinochet dictatorship until today.
Chile is often described as a 'model' of neoliberal development policy. Marcus Taylor questions this description. Examining the contradictions of neoliberlism, he demonstrates how it has created a society that is deeply ridden with inequalities.
Taylor shows how the tensions that arose from this social inequality led to the emergence of a 'Third Way' neoliberalism in the post-dictatorship period. Taylor argues that this new development paradigm has failed. This is a result of the inability of 'Third Way' neoliberalism to transform social relationships and institutions.
The nature of this failure affects the direction of popular movements for social change in Latin America during a time of renewed social and political upheaval.
'A bold, insightful analysis of Chilean political economy from Pinochet to the present'
Professor Ronaldo Munck, Dublin City University, author of numerous books including: Critical Development Theory: Contributions to a New Paradigm (1999), Contemporary Latin America (2002), and Labour and Globalisation: A New Great Transformation (2003).
'The definitive treatment of Latin America's deepest and most prolonged embrace of the neoliberal project. Detailed, incisive, carefully constructed, lean yet sweeping, this book is a supreme dissection of Chile's socially-engineered contemporary dystopia'
James M. Cypher, Professor of Development Studies, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Mexico
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contents | 4 | ||
| Introduction: Neoliberalism and Social Transformation | 9 | ||
| Three Decades of Chilean Neoliberal Models | 9 | ||
| Key Questions and the Argument of the Book | 13 | ||
| The Layout of the Book | 17 | ||
| 1 The Rise and Crisis of National Developmentalism | 19 | ||
| Capitalist Development, Social Structures and the Chilean State | 19 | ||
| Frei's 'Revolution in Liberty' | 28 | ||
| The Allende Regime and the Crisis of the State | 31 | ||
| Summary | 36 | ||
| 2 'Chicago to the Rescue' - The Emergence of Neoliberalism in Chile | 38 | ||
| The Materialisation of the Neoliberal Project in Chile | 41 | ||
| From Neoclassicism to Neoliberalism | 42 | ||
| The Economics of Nowhere and the Politics of Chile | 46 | ||
| The State and Neoliberalism | 50 | ||
| Capitalism and the Irrationalities of Neoliberalism | 53 | ||
| Summary | 59 | ||
| 3 Neoliberalism and 'Creative Destruction', 1973 - 89 | 61 | ||
| From Gradualist Policy to 'Creative Destruction', 1973 - 75 | 61 | ||
| The Impact of Creative Destruction | 65 | ||
| Economic Liberalisation and the Primacy of Money Capital | 68 | ||
| Institutionalising Class Relations | 72 | ||
| From Miracle to Crisis and the Collapse of Orthodox Monetarism | 76 | ||
| Responding to the Debt Crisis | 77 | ||
| Second Wave Neoliberalism and the New 'Economic Miracle' | 79 | ||
| Summary | 83 | ||
| 4 From Retrenchment to the 'Seven Modernisations' - The Great Transformation of Welfare Institutions | 85 | ||
| Retrenchment and Initial Reforms, 1973 - 78 | 86 | ||
| Targeted Social Programmes | 89 | ||
| From Social Assistance to the 'Seven Modernisations' | 92 | ||
| Neoliberalism and Welfare Institutions - Motivations and Theory | 93 | ||
| Education Reforms | 97 | ||
| Healthcare - The Creation of a Dualised System | 100 | ||
| The Privatisation of Pensions | 103 | ||
| Summary | 106 | ||
| 5 Towards a Third Way? Power and Politics in Post- Dictatorship Chile | 107 | ||
| Political Protest and the Defeat of the Dictatorship | 108 | ||
| Democratisation and the Limits to the Post- Dictatorship State | 111 | ||
| Authoritarian Enclaves and the Form of the Post- Dictatorship State | 112 | ||
| Organised Interests and the Exercise of Power | 115 | ||
| Capital Accumulation and the State | 118 | ||
| The Growth with Equity Strategy - A Chilean 'Third Way'? | 121 | ||
| Summary | 127 | ||
| 6 Production, Power and Exports - The Political Economy of Post- Dictatorship Chile | 129 | ||
| Neoliberalism and Economic Policy in Post- Dictatorship Chile | 131 | ||
| The Social Determinants of the Chilean Export Boom, 1990 - 97 | 134 | ||
| Contradictions of the Export Boom 1: Economic Dualisation | 140 | ||
| Contradictions of the Export Boom 2: Enduring Inequality | 144 | ||
| Contradictions of the Export Boom 3 - Overproduction and the Asian Crisis | 147 | ||
| After the Crisis - New Policies for an Uncertain Future? | 152 | ||
| The Return to Export- led Growth | 155 | ||
| Summary | 157 | ||
| 7 Labour Institutions and the Politics of Flexibilisation | 159 | ||
| Labour Flexibility - Theoretical Divisions | 161 | ||
| The Concertación and Labour Reform in the 1990s | 164 | ||
| The First Reforms, 1990 - 93 | 167 | ||
| Flexibility in Practice | 169 | ||
| The Political Ramifications of Labour Flexibilisation | 172 | ||
| The Lagos Government and the 2001 Reforms | 173 | ||
| Strengths and Limits of the 2001 Labour Reform | 175 | ||
| The End of Labour Reform? | 176 | ||
| Summary | 178 | ||
| 8 Growth with Equity? Social Policy and Anti- Poverty Programmes, 1990 - 2003 | 180 | ||
| Social Policy and the 'Growth with Equity' Strategy | 181 | ||
| The Limits to Social Policy Reforms | 184 | ||
| Reforming the Education Reforms | 188 | ||
| Health Provision within the Dualised System | 192 | ||
| Pensions and Social Security | 195 | ||
| FOSIS - The Prototype Anti- Poverty Policy | 198 | ||
| Summary | 203 | ||
| 9 The Uncertain Future of Neoliberalism | 205 | ||
| References | 211 | ||
| Index | 227 |