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Abstract
The Internet is an increasingly important source of information for many people in the Muslim world. Many Muslims in majority and minority contexts rely on the Internet as a primary source of news, information and communication about Islam. As a result, a new media culture is emerging which is having a significant impact on areas of global Muslim consciousness. Post-September 11th, this phenomenon has grown more rapidly than ever.
Gary R. Bunt provides a fascinating account of the issues at stake, identifying two radical new concepts:
Firstly, the emergence of e-jihad ('Electronic Jihad') originating from diverse Muslim perspectives - this is described in its many forms relating to the different definitions of 'jihad', including on-line activism (ranging from promoting militaristic activities to hacking, to co-ordinating peaceful protests) and Muslim expression post 9/11.
Secondly, he discusses religious authority on the Internet - including the concept of on-line fatwas and their influence in diverse settings, and the complexities of conflicting notions of religious authority.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contents | vi | ||
| 1 Introduction | 1 | ||
| Approaching Cyber Islamic Environments | 1 | ||
| Defining Cyber Islamic Environments | 8 | ||
| Analysing Cyber Islamic Environments | 13 | ||
| Researching Cyber Islamic Environments | 16 | ||
| Book Structure | 19 | ||
| Transliteration | 20 | ||
| 2 The Digital Sword ? and Defining E- Jihad | 25 | ||
| The Symbolism of Jihad | 25 | ||
| The Greater and Lesser E- Jihad | 33 | ||
| 3 Hacktivism, Hacking and Cracking in the Name of Islam | 37 | ||
| Hacking for Islam | 38 | ||
| The New Exegesis: Encryption and the Use of E- mail | 56 | ||
| 4 Cyber Islamic Reactions to 9- 11: Mujahideen in Cyberspace | 67 | ||
| 5 Cyber Islamic Reactions to 9- 11: The Inter- fada and Global E- jihad | 91 | ||
| 6 Cyber Islamic Reactions to 9- 11: Jihad for Peace | 112 | ||
| E- Jihad: Concluding Comments | 121 | ||
| 7 Islamic Decision- Making and Advice Online | 125 | ||
| 8 Sunni Religious Authority on the Internet I: Muslim Majority Contexts | 135 | ||
| Analysis of Sunni Websites Majority Contexts | 138 | ||
| Islam Q& A | 138 | ||
| Fatwa- Online | 142 | ||
| Islam- Online | 147 | ||
| Other Influences in Sunni Majority Cyberspace | 160 | ||
| South East Asia | 160 | ||
| Bosnia | 162 | ||
| 9 Sunni Religious Authority on the Internet II: Muslim Minority | 167 | ||
| Analysis of Sunni Websites Minority Contexts | 167 | ||
| Ask- Imam. com | 167 | ||
| Troid. org | 173 | ||
| Pakistan Link 174The Fiqh Council of North America | 176 | ||
| As- Sunna Foundation of America | 178 | ||
| Conclusion: Sunni Religious Authority on the Internet | 179 | ||
| 10 The Online Mujtahid : Islamic Diversity and Authority Online 184Locating Shi a Religious Authority on the Internet 184Concluding Comment: Shi ism | 198 | ||
| Locating Sufi Religious Authority on the Internet | 198 | ||
| Other Perspectives | 200 | ||
| Islamic Religious Authority Online: Conclusion | 201 | ||
| 11 Islam in the Digital Age | 205 | ||
| Bibliography | 212 | ||
| Glossary of Islamic Terminology | 227 | ||
| Index | 230 | ||
| .il domain | 54 |