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Life on the Outside

Life on the Outside

Oivind Fuglerud

(1999)

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Abstract

This study of the Tamil diaspora is one of the first full ethnographic studies of a postcolonial migrant community, and a major contribution to the study of migration, globalisation, identity politics and ‘long distance’ nationalism from an anthropological perspective.

Fuglerud’s study traces the history of Tamil migration, from the arrival of the economic migrants of the 1960s to the ‘asylum seekers’ of the mid 1980s onwards. He draws unnerving parallels between the status of the Tamil community in Sri Lanka, as a beleaguered and persecuted minority waging a war of liberation, and as a displaced, marginalised and excluded refugee community.

Fuglerud argues that, in the process of displacement, particular aspects of Tamil culture – marriage, dowry, chastity and ritual – acquire a heightened significance. He examines the contradictions and inconsistencies which characterise the Tamil refugee communities, and the success of revolutionary Tamil nationalism in exile, highlighting the transnational nature of identity politics.
'One of the very best refugee studies to date'
E. Valentine Daniel, Professor of Anthropology, and Director, Southern Asian Institute, Columbia University

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Contents iii
1 Introduction 1
NATIONALISM AND INTERCONNECTIONS 10
2 History and Nationalism 20
THE GROWTH OF TAMIL NATIONALISM 26
BOYS AND SOLDIERS 31
3 Semantics of Terror 38
DRAWING BOUNDARIES 41
CREATING ONE VOICE 49
4 Migration to Norway 55
BORDERS AND CONTROL 59
THE LONG WAY TO NORWAY 64
5 Fields and Boundaries 72
TIME AND SPACE 73
FIELDS AND NETWORKS 81
SPACE AND HISTORY 90
6 Money, Marriage and Meaning 95
‘WORKING FOR MY SISTERS ...’ 98
REPRODUCING BOUNDARIES 104
BONDS OF AUTHENTICITY 109
7 The Ethnic Interface 117
DISCREPANT STORIES 120
DIASPORA,MODERNITY AND CULTURAL CODES 129
8 The Nature of Tradition 138
THE AMBIVALENCE OF KINSHIP 143
9 From the Traditional to the Revolutionary 154
PEASANTS AND WARRIORS 157
INDIAN NATIONALISM AND THE FEMALE IMAGE 160
SYMBOLIC REINTERPRETATION 163
10 Between Nation and State 172
NARRATIVE SELVES 174
CONCLUSION: NAMING – AND BEYOND? 181
Notes 185
Chapter 1 185
Chapter 2 185
Chapter 3 186
Chapter 4 186
Chapter 5 186
Chapter 6 187
Chapter 7 187
Chapter 8 187
Chapter 9 188
Chapter 10 188
Bibliography 189
Index 199
Abu-Luughod, 16 16
Aiyanar, 112 112
akam 78 78
Alaippu 147 147
Amirthalingam 49