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Tourism, Globalization and Development

Tourism, Globalization and Development

Donald G. Reid

(2003)

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Book Details

Abstract

Tourism is booming world wide - it makes up a massive part of the global economy. Donald G. Reid's book focuses on tourism in developing and less-developed countries. He examines its social and environmental impact and offers a timely critical analysis of the part it plays in globalisation.

Many of the world's poorest countries rely on the tourist trade for the major part of their income. However, all too often, the local communities involved do not reap the benefits of this trade. Developers often exclude local communities from the initial planning and decision-making process, viewing them either as a benign resource to be exploited, or as an impediment.

This is a rigourous critique of corporate-led tourism development, which lays out alternatives for planning and control to the local communities. It argues that only in this way can the vastly differing requirements of each community be addressed, and social and environmental issues can be dealt with properly. The book includes a discussion of macro planning theory, and offers three case studies of locally controlled projects that show clearly how communities developing a tourist trade can benefit.
'Exposed the underpinnings of a tourism industry that is totally committed to consumerism and the destructive reality of a market economy'
Stephen Wearing

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Contents v
1 INTRODUCTION 1
Tourism and development 1
The organization of this book 17
The context of tourism planning 20
2 GLOBALIZATION AND THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 26
Introduction 26
Corporate globalization and its effects on society 27
Globalization, sustainability and sustainable development 38
The new economy 43
Tourism as a system 55
Reasserting the community s role in the new economy 58
3 TOURISM AS A FUNCTION OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES 67
Introduction 67
The context for tourism development 67
The context of development studies 71
Development studies 75
Grass- roots implementation in developed and less developed countries 88
4 CONCEPTS OF TOURISM 102
Introduction 102
Defining tourism 102
Social psychological definitions 103
Sociological definitions 108
Economic definitions 111
Community definitions 112
Ecological definitions 115
5 PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT THEORIES AND THEIR RELATION TO TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 120
Introduction 120
The need for theory in tourism development 121
The contribution of planning theory to tourism development 123
General organizational strategies 131
Community organization and leadership 138
6 THE NORMATIVE VIEW OF TOURISM PLANNING 144
Introduction 144
The planning framework 144
Research methods 148
Individual and community needs assessment 148
Economic, social and environmental 153
Economic analysis 154
Physical resource inventory 162
7 CASE STUDIES IN TOURISM PLANNING 182
Introduction 182
Case study: Golden, BC, and Kicking Horse Mountain Resort 184
Introduction 184
The consultation 187
The tourism sector discussion 190
Critique of the Golden tourism planning process 194
Case study: Kenya 196
Kenya and its tourism product 196
The problems of Kenya and its tourism industry 198
The philosophy and approach of the KWS 199
Highlights of the KWS conceptual plan 201
Kimana 206
Critique of the KWS initiative 208
Case study: Bermuda 209
Tourism in Bermuda 211
Challenges to Bermuda s tourism industry 213
Strategic planning 214
Critique of the Bermudian plan 218
Analysis of the case studies 219
8 THE INTEGRATION OF TOURISM WITHIN GENERAL DEVELOPMENT 224
Introduction 224
The intricacies of tourism development 224
Criteria for tourism development 230
Building sustainable community tourism 235
Bibliography 237
Index 244
Africa 45