BOOK
Achieving sustainable production of poultry meat Volume 3
Prof. Todd Applegate | Dr Brian Jordan | Prof. B. M. Hargis | G. Tellez | L. R. Bielke | Prof. Venugopal Nair | Prof. Larry McDougald | Dr Peter Groves | Dr Rami A. Dalloul | Dr Carita Schneitz | Martin Wierup | Prof. Robert F Wideman Jr | Dr M. M. Makagon | R. A. Blatchford | Dr T. B. Rodenburg | Dr Ingrid C. de Jong | Rick A. van Emous | Prof. M. S. Lilburn | R. Shanmugasundaram | Dr Inma Estevez | Ruth C. Newberry | Prof. Brian Fairchild | Dr K. Schwean-Lardner | T. G. Crowe | Dr Andrew Butterworth
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
To meet growing demand, the FAO has estimated that world poultry production needs to grow by 2-3% per year to 2030. Much of the increase in output already achieved has been as a result of improvements in commercial breeds combined with rearing in more intensive production systems. However, more intensive systems have increased the risk of transmission of animal diseases and zoonoses. Consumer expectations of sensory and nutritional quality have also never been higher. At the same time consumers are more concerned about the environmental impact of poultry production as well as animal welfare.
Drawing on an international range of expertise, this book reviews research on poultry health and welfare. Part 1 begins by reviewing the range of diseases and other health issues affecting poultry. It then goes on to discuss ways of preventing and managing disease such as breeding, and means of attenuating the immune system. The second part of the book discusses welfare issues such as management of breeding flocks, housing, transport and humane slaughter techniques.
Achieving sustainable production of poultry meat Volume 3: Health and welfare will be a standard reference for poultry and food scientists in universities, government and other research centres and companies involved in poultry production. It is accompanied by two further volumes which review safety, quality and sustainability as well as poultry breeding and nutrition.
‘Increasing food production to address the nutritional needs of an expanding world population requires a combined effort from experts in genetics, nutrition, health, and welfare. The well-known editor has assembled world leaders in these fields to communicate their detailed knowledge for the benefit of the research community.’ Robert L. Taylor, Jr., Ph.D., Director and Professor, Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, USA
Sample content
Not sure what you're getting if you buy this book? Click on the cover image below to open a PDF and preview pages from the book. Alternatively, watch our informative video introduction.To meet growing demand, the FAO has estimated that world poultry production needs to grow by 2-3% per year to 2030. Much of the increase in output already achieved has been as a result of improvements in commercial breeds combined with rearing in more intensive production systems. However, more intensive systems have increased the risk of transmission of animal diseases and zoonoses. Consumer expectations of sensory and nutritional quality have also never been higher. At the same time consumers are more concerned about the environmental impact of poultry production as well as animal welfare.
Drawing on an international range of expertise, this book reviews research on poultry health and welfare. Part 1 begins by reviewing the range of diseases and other health issues affecting poultry. It then goes on to discuss ways of preventing and managing disease such as breeding, and means of attenuating the immune system. The second part of the book discusses welfare issues such as management of breeding flocks, housing, transport and humane slaughter techniques.
Achieving sustainable production of poultry meat Volume 3: Health and welfare will be a standard reference for poultry and food scientists in universities, government and other research centres and companies involved in poultry production. It is accompanied by two further volumes which review safety, quality and sustainability as well as poultry breeding and nutrition.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contents\r | v | ||
| Series list\r | x | ||
| Introduction\r | xiv | ||
| Part 1 Health\r | xiv | ||
| Part 2 Welfare\r | xvii | ||
| Part 1 Animal health | 1 | ||
| Chapter 1 Monitoring trends in diseases of poultry | 3 | ||
| 1 Introduction | 3 | ||
| 2 Diagnostic laboratories\r | 4 | ||
| 3 Diagnostic assays\r | 5 | ||
| 4 Diagnostic sampling and submission\r | 8 | ||
| 5 Epidemiology\r | 9 | ||
| 6 Discussion and conclusions\r | 10 | ||
| 7 Where to look for further information\r | 11 | ||
| 8 References\r | 11 | ||
| Chapter 2 Gut health and susceptibility to enteric bacterial diseases in poultry | 13 | ||
| 1 Introduction | 13 | ||
| 2 Specific bacterial gut pathogens in poultry\r | 14 | ||
| 3 Symbiosis between prokaryotes and the host in the gut | 16 | ||
| 4 Impact of bacterial pathogens on host biology\r | 17 | ||
| 5 Dysbiosis and disease in poultry\r | 18 | ||
| 6 Inflammation and effects on anaerobiosis in poultry\r | 19 | ||
| 7 Positive and negative effects of mucins\r | 20 | ||
| 8 Gut infections and dietary disruption\r | 20 | ||
| 9 Airborne infection by enteric bacteria among poultry\r | 24 | ||
| 10 Future trends and conclusion\r | 26 | ||
| 11 References\r | 27 | ||
| Chapter 3 Viruses affecting poultry | 39 | ||
| 1 Introduction\r | 39 | ||
| 2 Newcastle disease (ND)\r | 41 | ||
| 3 Infectious bronchitis (IB)\r | 42 | ||
| 4 Infectious bursal disease (IBD)\r | 44 | ||
| 5 Marek’s disease (MD)\r | 45 | ||
| 6 Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT)\r | 46 | ||
| 7 Avian influenza (AI)\r | 47 | ||
| 8 Summary\r | 48 | ||
| 9 Where to look for further information\r | 49 | ||
| 10 References\r | 49 | ||
| Chapter 4 Parasites affecting poultry | 53 | ||
| 1 Introduction | 53 | ||
| 2 Coccidiosis\r | 54 | ||
| 3 Non-Eimerian Coccidia\r | 61 | ||
| 4 Flagellates\r | 62 | ||
| 5 Blackhead disease (histomonosis, histomoniasis)\r | 62 | ||
| 6 Cochlosoma anatis\r | 66 | ||
| 7 Spironucleus meleagridis (formerly Hexamita meleagridis) | 67 | ||
| 8 Tetratrichomonas gallinae (formerly Trichomonas gallinae) | 67 | ||
| 9 Blood-borne protozoan parasites\r | 67 | ||
| 10 Roundworms (Nematoda)\r | 68 | ||
| 11 Tapeworms (Cestoda)\r | 71 | ||
| 12 Trematodes (flukes) in poultry\r | 74 | ||
| 13 Ectoparasites and arthropod pests\r | 74 | ||
| 14 Conclusion and future trends\r | 77 | ||
| 15 Where to look for further information\r | 78 | ||
| 16 References\r | 78 | ||
| Chapter 5 Disease management in poultry flocks | 79 | ||
| 1 Introduction | 79 | ||
| 2 Disease investigation techniques\r | 80 | ||
| 3 Preventative measures\r | 82 | ||
| 4 Monitoring of poultry health and performance\r | 93 | ||
| 5 Management of sick birds\r | 94 | ||
| 6 Emergency disease occurrence\r | 96 | ||
| 7 Future trends and conclusion\r | 98 | ||
| 8 Where to look for further information\r | 100 | ||
| 9 References\r | 100 | ||
| Chapter 6 Understanding and boosting poultry immune systems | 103 | ||
| 1 Introduction | 103 | ||
| 2 Overview of the avian defence system\r | 104 | ||
| 3 Coccidiosis\r | 108 | ||
| 4 Probiotics and poultry\r | 111 | ||
| 5 Conclusion and future trends\r | 115 | ||
| 6 Where to look for further information\r | 117 | ||
| 7 References\r | 117 | ||
| Chapter 7 Competitive exclusion (CE) treatment to control pathogens in poultry | 123 | ||
| 1 Introduction\r | 123 | ||
| 2 The CE principle\r | 124 | ||
| 3 Development of treatment materials: undefined \nCE cultures | 127 | ||
| 4 Development of treatment materials: defined \nCE cultures | 129 | ||
| 5 Evaluation and administration of CE treatment materials | 131 | ||
| 6 Pathogen and host specificity of CE treatment\r | 133 | ||
| 7 Factors affecting the efficacy of CE treatment\r | 138 | ||
| 8 Field experience of CE\r | 139 | ||
| 9 Strategies for use, safety and licensing\r | 141 | ||
| 10 Conclusions\r | 142 | ||
| 11 Where to look for further information \r | 143 | ||
| 12 References\r | 143 | ||
| Chapter 8 Leg disorders in poultry: bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) | 155 | ||
| 1 Introduction\r | 155 | ||
| 2 The pathogenesis of BCO\r | 156 | ||
| 3 Understanding and treating BCO: the role of experimental models | 160 | ||
| 4 Sources and routes of bacterial colonization\r | 164 | ||
| 5 The role of probiotics\r | 168 | ||
| 6 Summary and conclusions\r | 172 | ||
| 7 Where to look for further information\r | 173 | ||
| 8 References\r | 174 | ||
| Part 2 Animal welfare | 183 | ||
| Chapter 9 Understanding poultry behaviour | 185 | ||
| 1 Introduction | 185 | ||
| 2 Key methodological challenges: defining experimental unit, sample size \nand behaviour of interest | 186 | ||
| 3 Key methodological challenges: selecting the most appropriate metric and sampling strategy | 189 | ||
| 4 Case study: provision and design of perches \r | 191 | ||
| 5 Summary: notes on the contributions of applied ethology to enhanced and sustainable production | 192 | ||
| 6 Future trends in research\r | 193 | ||
| 7 Where to look for further information\r | 195 | ||
| 8 References\r | 195 | ||
| Chapter 10 Ensuring the welfare of broilers: an overview | 199 | ||
| 1 Introduction\r | 199 | ||
| 2 Genetic selection\r | 200 | ||
| 3 Stocking density\r | 202 | ||
| 4 Case study: hatching environment and early feeding\r | 202 | ||
| 5 Case study: alternative and free range systems\r | 204 | ||
| 6 Summary: how research can contribute to enhanced and sustainable broiler production | 205 | ||
| 7 Future trends in research\r | 206 | ||
| 8 Where to look for further information\r | 207 | ||
| 9 References\r | 207 | ||
| Chapter 11 Broiler breeding flocks: management and animal welfare | 211 | ||
| 1 Introduction\r | 211 | ||
| 2 Housing conditions and management \nin the rearing period | 212 | ||
| 3 Housing conditions and management \nin the production period | 213 | ||
| 4 Welfare issues: restricted feeding and \nwater restriction | 215 | ||
| 5 Welfare issues: excisions, mating behaviour \nand quality of feather cover | 219 | ||
| 6 Environmental enrichment\r | 222 | ||
| 7 Vaccinations\r | 223 | ||
| 8 Transgenerational effects\r | 224 | ||
| 9 Concluding remarks\r | 225 | ||
| 10 Where to look for further information\r | 225 | ||
| 11 References\r | 225 | ||
| Chapter 12 The effect of incubation temperature on embryonic development in poultry | 231 | ||
| 1 Introduction\r | 231 | ||
| 2 Establishing a temperature recommendation\r | 232 | ||
| 3 Pre-incubation holding\r | 233 | ||
| 4 Early incubation temperature outcomes\r | 235 | ||
| 5 Late embryonic temperature outcomes\r | 237 | ||
| 6 Immunology of poultry\r | 239 | ||
| 7 Thermal manipulations and heat stress post-hatch\r | 240 | ||
| 8 Future trends and conclusion\r | 241 | ||
| 9 Where to look for further information\r | 242 | ||
| 10 References\r | 242 | ||
| Chapter 13 The contribution of environmental enrichment to sustainable poultry production | 247 | ||
| 1 Introduction | 247 | ||
| 2 Structural complexity: an introduction\r | 249 | ||
| 3 Structural complexity: cover panels\r | 250 | ||
| 4 Structural complexity: perches, barriers and ramps\r | 255 | ||
| 5 Other benefits of structural complexity\r | 258 | ||
| 6 Visual enrichment through lighting\r | 260 | ||
| 7 Foraging enrichments\r | 261 | ||
| 8 Comfort behaviour enrichments\r | 264 | ||
| 9 Enrichment and use of outdoor areas\r | 266 | ||
| 10 Discussion\r | 268 | ||
| 11 Conclusions \r | 270 | ||
| 12 References\r | 271 | ||
| Chapter 14 Hot weather management of poultry | 281 | ||
| 1 Introduction | 281 | ||
| 2 Sources of heat and heat loss mechanisms\r | 282 | ||
| 3 Poultry house ventilation systems\r | 284 | ||
| 4 Factors affecting hot weather management\r | 288 | ||
| 5 Conclusions\r | 289 | ||
| 6 Where to look for further information\r | 289 | ||
| 7 References\r | 289 | ||
| Chapter 15 Transportation and the welfare of poultry | 291 | ||
| 1 Introduction\r | 291 | ||
| 2 Impacts on poultry welfare before and during transport | 292 | ||
| 3 Containers and trailers used for poultry transport\r | 294 | ||
| 4 Other factors influencing poultry welfare during transport | 297 | ||
| 5 Lairage\r | 300 | ||
| 6 Transporting chicks and EOL hens\r | 301 | ||
| 7 Conclusions\r | 302 | ||
| 8 Where to look for further information\r | 302 | ||
| 9 References\r | 303 | ||
| Chapter 16 Developments in humane slaughtering techniques for poultry | 309 | ||
| 1 Introduction\r | 309 | ||
| 2 The physiological basis of stunning\r | 310 | ||
| 3 Electrical stunning methods\r | 311 | ||
| 4 Gas stunning systems\r | 313 | ||
| 5 Other systems: maceration, manual neck dislocation, concussive stunning and low atmosphere pressure systems | 315 | ||
| 6 Future trends\r | 318 | ||
| 7 Where to look for further information\r | 318 | ||
| 8 References\r | 319 | ||
| Index | 323 |