BOOK
Community Based Water Management and Social Capital
Kiyoshi Kobayashi | Ismu Rini Dwi Ari | Andrea Schaefer | Hayeong Jeong | Ibnu Syabri
(2014)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Community Based Water Management and Social Capitalprovides scientific understanding of community based water management and how to secure responsible management to satisfy quality and quantity requirements. It shows how community based water management can be synchronized with public water service, by introducing the most recent field experiments and theoretical studies in economics, social science, engineering, and regional planning which include game theory, microeconomics, econometric, statistics, social network analysis, social choice, and micro finance.
Community Based Water Management and Social Capital presents field experiments and theoretical studies in economics, social science, engineering, and regional planning to investigate important questions: what motivates people involve in voluntary water management what is the effect of participatory approach in water management how does social capital work in the voluntary actions what are key factors for effective governance for water management with diverse actors - local people, enterprise, and government; what is necessary for proper water allocation; vi) how to synchronize public water service with community based water management.
The book provides students, researchers, practitioners and governments with a comprehensive account of the current situation and perspectives on voluntary water management. It delivers a new scientific understanding on sustainable water management schemes and appropriate institutional social structures to secure inalienable rights to access to water.
Author: Kiyoshi Kobayashi, Kyoto University, Japan, Ibnu Syabri Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia, Ismu Rini Dwi Ari, Brawijaya University, East Java, Hayeong Jeong, Isabel C Escobar, Andrea Schaefer.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover\r | Cover | ||
| Contents | v | ||
| List of Figures | xiii | ||
| List of Tables | xv | ||
| About the Authors | xvii | ||
| Preface | xxi | ||
| Foreword | xxiii | ||
| 1\rAspects of community-based water management and social capital | 1 | ||
| 1.1 INTRODUCTION | 1 | ||
| 1.2 FOUNDATION OF COLLECTIVE ACTION | 2 | ||
| 1.3 WATER GOVERNANCE AND PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES | 4 | ||
| 1.4 INSTITUTIONS OF COMMUNITY-BASED WATER MANAGEMENT | 6 | ||
| 1.5 CASE STUDIES | 7 | ||
| 1.6 CONCLUDING COMMENTS | 8 | ||
| 1.7 REFERENCES | 8 | ||
| 2\rAn alternative clean water supply system for community living in coastal and flood-prone areas: lesson learned from Legon Kulon | 9 | ||
| 2.1 INTRODUCTION | 9 | ||
| 2.2 THE COMMUNITY AND WATER SUPPLY MANAGEMENT IN LEGON KULON VILLAGE | 10 | ||
| 2.3 THE FRAMEWORK | 13 | ||
| 2.4 WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN | 15 | ||
| 2.5 CONCLUSION | 16 | ||
| 2.6 REFERENCES | 16 | ||
| 3\rCollective action in water resource management: theoretical perspectives and propositions | 19 | ||
| 3.1 INTRODUCTION | 19 | ||
| 3.2 COLLECTIVE ACTION FOR MANAGING COMMON POOL RESOURCE (CPR): ELINOR OSTROM FRAMEWORK | 23 | ||
| 3.3 CONDITIONS OF COLLECTIVE ACTION: ROBERT WADE’S PERSPECTIVE | 25 | ||
| 3.4 A GENERAL THEORY OF COLLECTIVE ACTION | 28 | ||
| 3.4.1 Individual Preference and Choice | 28 | ||
| 3.4.2 Potential Actors and Focal Actors | 31 | ||
| 3.4.3 Shared Knowledge and its Accessibility | 32 | ||
| 3.4.4 Prevailing Objective Conditions in the Society | 33 | ||
| 3.4.5 Sustaining Collective Action: Role of Structuration and\rLegitimation Dynamics | 35 | ||
| 3.5 APPLYING THE GENERAL THEORY FOR COLLECTIVE WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: THEORETICAL PROPOSITIONS FOR EMPIRICAL VALIDATION | 36 | ||
| 3.6 CONCLUDING REMARKS | 39 | ||
| 3.7 REFERENCES | 41 | ||
| 4\rParticipatory approach to community based water supply system | 43 | ||
| 4.1 INTRODUCTION | 43 | ||
| 4.2 EMPIRICAL RESEARCH | 44 | ||
| 4.2.1 Access to Water | 45 | ||
| 4.2.2 Demographic Data of the Respondents | 47 | ||
| 4.3 MODEL AND ESTIMATION METHOD | 48 | ||
| 4.3.1 Model | 48 | ||
| 4.3.2 Bayesian Inference. | 49 | ||
| 4.3.3 The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Sampler | 50 | ||
| 4.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS | 52 | ||
| 4.4.1 The Explanatory Variables | 52 | ||
| 4.4.2 The Weight Matrix | 54 | ||
| 4.4.3 Estimation Results | 56 | ||
| 4.5 CONCLUSION | 57 | ||
| 4.6 REFERENCES | 57 | ||
| 5\rSocial capital and governance for efficient water management | 59 | ||
| 5.1 WATER – AN UNEVENLY SUPPLIED INDISPENSABILITY FOR LIFE | 59 | ||
| 5.2 THE MULTIPLE IDENTITIES OF WATER | 60 | ||
| 5.3 THREE ALTERNATIVES FOR WATER MANAGEMENT | 61 | ||
| 5.4 PROBLEMS OF GOVERNMENT IN MANY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES | 61 | ||
| 5.5 WHAT IS “GOOD GOVERNANCE” IN WATER MANAGEMENT? | 63 | ||
| 5.6 SELF-ORGANIZED SYSTEMS FOR MANAGEMENT OF COMMON RESOURCES | 63 | ||
| 5.7 THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL | 64 | ||
| 5.7.1 Historical Social Capital | 64 | ||
| 5.7.2 Confidence as Social Capital | 64 | ||
| 5.7.3 Networking as Social Capital | 64 | ||
| 5.7.4 Learning as Social Capital | 64 | ||
| 5.7.5 Economy-Related Social Capital | 65 | ||
| 5.7.6 The Mobilizing Role of Social Capital | 65 | ||
| 5.8 SOCIAL CAPITAL IN THE GOVERNANCE OF URBAN WATER SUPPLY\r | 66 | ||
| 5.8.1 Bonding Social Capital | 66 | ||
| 5.8.2 Bridging Social Capital | 66 | ||
| 5.8.3 Linking Social Capital | 66 | ||
| 5.8.4 Social Capital and Governance | 66 | ||
| 5.9 SOME CONCLUSIONS | 66 | ||
| 5.10 REFERENCES | 67 | ||
| 6\rTrust formation in collaborative water management | 69 | ||
| 6.1 INTRODUCTION | 69 | ||
| 6.2 PRIVATE LANGUAGE AND COMMUNICATION | 71 | ||
| 6.2.1 A Theory of Communication | 71 | ||
| 6.2.2 The Problem of Private Language | 72 | ||
| 6.2.3 The Subjective Communication Game | 73 | ||
| 6.2.4 The Importance of Common Language | 75 | ||
| 6.3 TRUST FORMATION IN COLLABORATIVE WATER MANAGEMENT | 76 | ||
| 6.3.1 The Concept of Trust | 76 | ||
| 6.3.2 The Theory of Trust by Bacharach and Gambetta (2001) | 77 | ||
| 6.3.3 The Subjective Trust Game | 78 | ||
| 6.4 LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TRUST FORMATION | 80 | ||
| 6.4.1 The Dynamic Model | 81 | ||
| 6.4.2 Equilibrium Play | 82 | ||
| 6.5 POLICY GAME OF THIRD PARTY REVIEWS | 83 | ||
| 6.5.1 Assumptions | 83 | ||
| 6.5.2 Third Party Reviews With Different Languages | 84 | ||
| 6.5.3 Third Party Reviews with a Common Language | 85 | ||
| 6.6 CONCLUSION | 86 | ||
| 6.7 REFERENCES | 87 | ||
| 7\rThe right to water and the participatory approach | 89 | ||
| 7.1 INTRODUCTION | 89 | ||
| 7.2 BASIC IDEA | 90 | ||
| 7.2.1 Water Scarcity and Exclusion | 90 | ||
| 7.2.2 The Poor and Water Rights | 92 | ||
| 7.2.3 The Resource Allocation Mechanism | 93 | ||
| 7.2.4 Limitations of the Participatory Approach | 94 | ||
| 7.3 WATER RIGHTS | 95 | ||
| 7.3.1 Customary Right | 95 | ||
| 7.3.2 Riparian Right | 97 | ||
| 7.3.3 Doctrine of Prior Appropriation | 97 | ||
| 7.3.4 Dublin Principle | 98 | ||
| 7.4 RIGHT REALLOCATION THROUGH THE PARTICIPATORY APPROACH | 99 | ||
| 7.5 CONCLUSION | 102 | ||
| 7.6 REFERENCES | 102 | ||
| 8\rWater governance in Indonesia: from indigenous to post-colonial technology | 105 | ||
| 8.1 INTRODUCTION | 105 | ||
| 8.2 REVIEW OF WATER GOVERNANCE ISSUES | 106 | ||
| 8.2.1 Definition of Water Governance | 106 | ||
| 8.2.2 Water Demand | 106 | ||
| 8.2.3 Water Availability | 107 | ||
| 8.2.4 Water Scarcity | 108 | ||
| 8.2.5 Water Management | 109 | ||
| 8.3 CULTURAL THEORY | 110 | ||
| 8.3.1 The Hierarchist Perspective | 113 | ||
| 8.3.2 The Egalitarian Perspective | 114 | ||
| 8.3.3 The Individualist Perspective | 115 | ||
| 8.3.4 The Fatalist Perspective | 115 | ||
| 8.4 INDONESIAN HISTORY OF WATER GOVERNANCE | 116 | ||
| 8.4.1 Pre-Colonial Hydraulic Civilization | 116 | ||
| 8.4.2 Western Colonial Period | 121 | ||
| 8.4.3 Post-Colonial Period | 127 | ||
| 8.5 ANALYSIS OF PAST AND PRESENT WATER GOVERNANCE | 129 | ||
| 8.6 CONCLUSION | 134 | ||
| 8.7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | 134 | ||
| 8.8 REFERENCES | 135 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION | 137 | ||
| 9\rPartial authority allocation of regional water supply system in Indonesia and economic efficiency | 141 | ||
| 9.1 INTRODUCTION | 141 | ||
| 9.2 BASIC IDEA OF THE STUDY | 143 | ||
| 9.2.1 Institutional System of Water Supply System After\rDecentralization in the Bandung Region | 143 | ||
| 9.2.2 Problem Identification | 143 | ||
| 9.3 MODEL | 144 | ||
| 9.3.1 Setting | 144 | ||
| 9.3.2 Technology | 144 | ||
| 9.3.3 Demand | 144 | ||
| 9.3.4 Cost of Water Acquisition | 145 | ||
| 9.3.5 The Case of Impartial Authority Allocation | 146 | ||
| 9.3.6 The Case of Partial Authority Allocation | 147 | ||
| 9.4 FLUCTUATING AVAILABILITY OF ALTERNATIVE WATER SOURCES | 148 | ||
| 9.4.1 Assumption | 148 | ||
| 9.4.2 The Cost of Water Acquisition and the Profit of PDAM | 149 | ||
| 9.4.3 The Case of Impartial Authority | 150 | ||
| 9.4.4 The Case of Partial Authority Allocation | 151 | ||
| 9.5 DISCUSSIONS | 152 | ||
| 9.5.1 Externalities | 152 | ||
| 9.5.2 Policy Implication | 153 | ||
| 9.6 CONCLUSION | 153 | ||
| 9.7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 153 | ||
| 9.8 REFERENCES | 153 | ||
| SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION | 155 | ||
| 10\rAsymmetric ownership between municipalities in water supply system provision in Indonesia | 161 | ||
| 10.1 INTRODUCTION | 161 | ||
| 10.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT OF WATER SUPPLY IN INDONESIA | 162 | ||
| 10.2.1 Decentralization Policy in Indonesia | 162 | ||
| 10.2.2 Water Resources in Indonesia | 164 | ||
| 10.2.3 Water Supply System Administration in Indonesia | 165 | ||
| 10.2.4 Challenges | 166 | ||
| 10.3 A CASE STUDY OF PDAM TIRTA RAHARJA (BANDUNG REGENCY AND CIMAHI CITY) | 167 | ||
| 10.3.1 Description of Bandung Regency and Cimahi City | 167 | ||
| 10.3.2 History of PDAM Establishment | 170 | ||
| 10.4 GOVERNANCE OF PDAM–BANDUNG REGENCY AND CIMAHI CITY CASE | 173 | ||
| 10.4.1 Governance of PDAM Tirta Raharja | 173 | ||
| 10.4.2 Issues on Asymmetric Ownership | 174 | ||
| 10.4.2.1 Interview with a keyperson of Cimahi city | 174 | ||
| 10.4.2.2 Interview with a keyperson of PDAM Tirta Raharja | 175 | ||
| 10.5 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND EXPECTED SOLUTIONS | 176 | ||
| 10.6 CONCLUSION | 177 | ||
| 10.7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 178 | ||
| 10.8 REFERENCES | 178 | ||
| 11\rComprehensive social participatory model for water springs conservation management in Indonesia | 181 | ||
| 11.1 INTRODUCTION | 181 | ||
| 11.2 RESEARCH METHOD | 183 | ||
| 11.2.1 Community Profile of 34 Water Springs Areas | 183 | ||
| 11.2.2 Selection of Water Springs for Priority Management | 184 | ||
| 11.2.3 Focus Group Discussion (FGD) in the Three Chosen Water\rSprings | 185 | ||
| 11.3 THE OUTCOME OF FGD MODEL | 186 | ||
| 11.3.1 Sumber Awan Water Spring, Toyomerto Village, Singosari\rDistrict | 186 | ||
| 11.3.2 Sumber Umbulan, Umbulrejo Village, District Dampit | 188 | ||
| 11.3.3 Sumber Beling, Druju Village, District Sumbermanjing Wetan | 191 | ||
| 11.4 WATER SPRINGS MANAGEMENT PLANNING TREATY AND WATER SPRINGS USER FORUMS RECOMMENDATION | 193 | ||
| 11.5 CONCLUSION | 195 | ||
| 11.6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | 195 | ||
| 11.7 REFERENCES | 195 | ||
| 12\rNetwork analysis of community based water management | 197 | ||
| 12.1 INTRODUCTION | 197 | ||
| 12.2 RESEARCH METHODS | 199 | ||
| 12.2.1 Social Network Analysis: Centrality | 199 | ||
| 12.2.1.1 Bipartite degree centrality | 199 | ||
| 12.2.1.2 One-mode betweenness centrality | 199 | ||
| 12.2.1.3 One-mode closeness centrality | 200 | ||
| 12.2.2 Determination of Sample Size | 201 | ||
| 12.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSINS | 204 | ||
| 12.3.1 Chronological Development of Water Supply System | 204 | ||
| 12.3.1.1 Water supply system development in Toyomarto village | 205 | ||
| 12.3.1.2 Water supply system development in Candi Renggo village | 207 | ||
| 12.3.2 Community Managed Water Supply System | 209 | ||
| 12.3.3 Social Structure | 210 | ||
| 12.3.3.1 Centrality in multiple memberships | 210 | ||
| 12.3.3.2 Social Networks | 213 | ||
| 12.4 CONCLUSION | 215 | ||
| 12.5 ACKNOWLEDGMENT | 216 | ||
| 12.6 REFERENCE | 216 | ||
| 13\rA cognitive analysis of residents with regard to community-based flood management | 219 | ||
| 13.1 INTRODUCTION | 219 | ||
| 13.2 METHODS | 220 | ||
| 13.2.1 Index of Residents (Individuals & Households) (R) | 221 | ||
| 13.2.2 Index of Government (G) | 221 | ||
| 13.2.3 Index of School Community (SC) | 222 | ||
| 13.3 RESULTS | 222 | ||
| 13.3.1 Capacity of Residents (Individuals/Households) | 223 | ||
| 13.3.2 Capacity of the Local Government | 223 | ||
| 13.3.3 Capacity of School Community | 224 | ||
| 13.3.4 Total Capacity of Community | 224 | ||
| 13.4 CONCLUSIONS | 225 | ||
| 13.5 REFERENCES | 225 | ||
| 14 Climate change adaptive planning and conflict resolution strategy of Krabyakan spring utilization | 227 | ||
| 14.1 INTRODUCTION | 227 | ||
| 14.2 METHODS | 229 | ||
| 14.3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION | 229 | ||
| 14.3.1 Climate Change Impact on Water Resources | 230 | ||
| 14.3.2 Water Resource Utilization Conflict | 232 | ||
| 14.3.3 Conflict Resolution of Water Resource Utilization and\rAdaptation to Climate Change Strategies | 236 | ||
| 14.4 CONCLUSION | 236 | ||
| 14.5 REFERENCES | 237 | ||
| 15\rSustainability of water supply synchronizing PDAM and HIPPAM in Indonesia | 239 | ||
| 15.1 INTRODUCTION | 239 | ||
| 15.2 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION FOR POTENTIAL INSUSTAINABILITY | 241 | ||
| 15.2.1 Institutional Regulation, Laws and Constitution | 241 | ||
| 15.2.2 Human Resources Empowerment | 241 | ||
| 15.2.3 Burden of Debts | 241 | ||
| 15.2.4 Raw Water Quality and Distribution Water | 242 | ||
| 15.2.5 Service Quality | 245 | ||
| 15.2.6 Corporate Culture and Community Attitudes | 246 | ||
| 15.3 APPROACH TO SUSTAIN THE WATER SUPPLY FOR THE CITIES | 246 | ||
| 15.3.1 Upstream Approach | 246 | ||
| 15.3.2 Downstream Approach | 246 | ||
| 15.4 REFERENCES | 247 | ||
| Index | 249 |