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Book Details
Abstract
The suitability of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for pollutant degradation was recognised in the early 1970s and much research and development work has been undertaken to commercialise some of these processes. AOPs have shown great potential in treating pollutants at both low and high concentrations and have found applications as diverse as ground water treatment, municipal wastewater sludge destruction and VOCs control. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment is an overview of the advanced oxidation processes currently used or proposed for the remediation of water, wastewater, odours and sludge. The book contains two opening chapters which present introductions to advanced oxidation processes and a background to UV photolysis, seven chapters focusing on individual advanced oxidation processes and, finally, three chapters concentrating on selected applications of advanced oxidation processes. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment will be invaluable to readers interested in water and wastewater treatment processes, including professionals and suppliers, as well as students and academics studying in this area. Dr Simon Parsons is a Senior Lecturer in Water Sciences at Cranfield University with ten years' experience of industrial and academic research and development.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment | ii | ||
| Contents | vi | ||
| Preface | x | ||
| List of contributors | xi | ||
| 1. Introduction | 1 | ||
| 1.1 Introduction | 1 | ||
| 1.2 AOPs for water and wastewater treatment | 5 | ||
| 2. UV photolysis: background | 7 | ||
| 2.1 Introduction | 7 | ||
| 2.2 Fundamentals of UV photolysis | 8 | ||
| 2.3 UV lamps used in AOPs and their spectral distributions | 34 | ||
| 2.4 Conclusions | 43 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 43 | ||
| 3. UV light-based applications | 49 | ||
| 3.1 Introduction | 49 | ||
| 3.2 UV direct photolysis of specific compounds: laboratory- and pilot-scale experiments | 50 | ||
| 3.3 UV photolysis: full-scale applications | 69 | ||
| 3.4 Conclusions | 80 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 80 | ||
| 4. UV/H2O2 processes | 86 | ||
| 4.1 Introduction | 86 | ||
| 4.2 Theory of UV/H2O2 | 87 | ||
| 4.3 Mechanisms of UV/H2O2 oxidation | 90 | ||
| 4.4 Effect of alkalinity | 90 | ||
| 4.5 Models | 91 | ||
| 4.6 Laboratory-scale experiments of UV/H2O2 with model compounds | 92 | ||
| 4.7 Drinking water applications | 96 | ||
| 4.8 Wastewaters applications | 97 | ||
| 4.9 Pilot plant-scale experiments of UV/H2O2 | 98 | ||
| 4.10 Demonstration-scale experiments of UV/H2O2 | 99 | ||
| 4.11 Commercial applications | 100 | ||
| 4.12 Cost estimation and performance | 101 | ||
| 4.13 Further research needs | 103 | ||
| Appendix 1 | 109 | ||
| 5. Fenton processes | 111 | ||
| 5.1 Introduction | 111 | ||
| 5.2 Types of Fenton processes | 113 | ||
| 5.3 Identification of degradation products | 124 | ||
| 5.4 Applications | 125 | ||
| 6. Semiconductor photocatalysis | 137 | ||
| 6.1 Introduction | 137 | ||
| 6.2 Process fundamentals | 137 | ||
| 6.3 Applications | 145 | ||
| 6.4 Reactor design | 149 | ||
| 6.5 Commercial processes | 157 | ||
| 6.6 Case studies and economics | 161 | ||
| 7. Photoelectrocatalysis processes | 167 | ||
| 7.1 Introduction | 167 | ||
| 7.2 Photoelectrocatalysis: a route to reduced charge carrier recombination | 172 | ||
| 7.3 Demonstration of the concept | 173 | ||
| 7.4 Larger-scale experiments | 177 | ||
| 7.5 Future work | 180 | ||
| 8. Ultrasound processes | 185 | ||
| 8.1 Introduction | 185 | ||
| 8.2 Principles of sonochemistry | 185 | ||
| 8.3 Historical introduction on the oxidative properties of ultrasound in water | 192 | ||
| 8.4 Sonochemical decontamination of aqueous systems | 196 | ||
| 8.5 Equipment development | 201 | ||
| 8.6 Conclusions | 206 | ||
| 9. Radiation processes | 209 | ||
| 9.1 Introduction | 209 | ||
| 9.2 Case studies | 222 | ||
| 9.3 Economics | 235 | ||
| 10. Wet air oxidation processes | 247 | ||
| 10.1 Introduction | 247 | ||
| 10.2 Process fundamentals | 249 | ||
| 10.3 Applications | 254 | ||
| 10.4 Reactor design | 256 | ||
| 10.5 Commercial processes | 256 | ||
| 10.6 Case studies | 263 | ||
| 10.7 Conclusions | 268 | ||
| 11. AOPs for VOCs and odour treatment | 275 | ||
| 11.1 Introduction | 275 | ||
| 11.2 Direct UV photolysis | 277 | ||
| 11.3 O3/UV process | 282 | ||
| 11.4 Heterogeneous photocatalysis | 283 | ||
| 11.5 Non-thermal plasma | 288 | ||
| 11.6 AOSs | 293 | ||
| 11.7 Economics | 295 | ||
| 11.8 Conclusions | 296 | ||
| 12. Advanced oxidation of textile industry dyes | 302 | ||
| 12.1 Introduction | 302 | ||
| 12.2 Textile dyes | 303 | ||
| 12.3 The problem of resistant colour in dyehouse effluent | 304 | ||
| 12.4 Application of AOPs for textile industry dye treatment | 305 | ||
| 12.5 The effects of common dye auxiliary chemicals as OH• scavengers | 317 | ||
| 12.6 Merits of AOPs | 320 | ||
| 12.7 Conclusions | 323 | ||
| 13. Water treatment applications | 329 | ||
| 13.1 Introduction | 329 | ||
| 13.2 Opportunities for AOPs in water treatment | 330 | ||
| 13.3 Prospects | 340 | ||
| Index | 347 |