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Book Details
Abstract
CARE-S presents the result of an extensive EU project, Computer Aided Rehabilitation of Sewer and Storm Water Networks. The projects developed a complete management system for sewer and storm water assets, including methods and software. It comprises methods and models for the three levels necessary of management, namely the long-term planning, the project ranking and the technology selection. The results of a comprehensive testing of CARE-S in representative European cities are also included in the book. Long-term planning relies on state-of-the-art description, judgement of future service-life and available measurements, including CCTV. This information is handled in tools for Performance Indicators, network condition prediction and investment needs. Project ranking is conducted by an elimination system and includes analysis by tools for structural condition, hydraulic performance and customer requirements. The system identifies projects that can be included within actual budget limits. Selection of appropriate technologies relies on a comprehensive database for renovation and repair techniques and their properties, applied into the conditions of the single projects. The purpose of this book is to present a new generation management system of sewer and storm water assets. Due to ageing systems and increasing demands to these networks, and the complexity of systems and problems, advanced management systems are necessary to secure an optimal use of limited resources for repair, maintenance and renewal. In the future, management should be based on solid objective information given by computer programs and databases, and judged by professional management engineers. The market for modern urban water network management including software and consulting services is expected to increase substantially during the coming years. This is the first book to consider a complete management system for sewer and storm water assets. The book presents a system that will improve the cost-effectiveness of sewer and storm water assets by at least 10%. The book presents the methodology and software for modern maintenance and renewal of wastewater networks.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| SUMMARY | x | ||
| 1.0 Performance Indicators for Rehabilitation | xvii | ||
| 1.1\tINTRODUCTION | xvii | ||
| 1.2\tPERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR REHABILITATION | xvii | ||
| 1.2.1\tBackground | xvii | ||
| 1.2.2\tRequirements of performance indicators for rehabilitation | xviii | ||
| 1.3\tMethodology for PIs selection | xviii | ||
| 1.3.1\tGeneral description | xviii | ||
| 1.3.2\tSelection of a subset of IWA PIs | xviii | ||
| 1.3.3\tQuestionnaire structure and participants | xix | ||
| 1.3.4\tData processing | xix | ||
| 1.4\tDISCUSSION OF RESULTS | xix | ||
| 1.4.1\tGeneral remarks | xix | ||
| 1.4.2\tAnalysis of the relevance given to each PI | xx | ||
| 1.5\tANALYSIS OF THE EASE OF ASSESSMENT GIVEN TO EACH PI | xxi | ||
| 1.6\tPI TOOL/S SOFTWARE | xxiii | ||
| 1.7\tPI FIELD-TESTING | xxiii | ||
| 1.7.1\tGeneral description | xxiii | ||
| 1.7.2\tResults | xxiv | ||
| 1.8\tFINAL PANEL OF PIS FOR REHABILITATION | xxix | ||
| 1.9\tFINAL REMARKS | xxxiii | ||
| 1.10\tCONCLUSIONS | xxxiii | ||
| REFERENCES | xxxiii | ||
| 2.0 Description and validation of structural condition | xxxv | ||
| 2.1\tINTRODUCTION | xxxv | ||
| 2.2\tCCTVCON | xxxvi | ||
| General description | xxxvi | ||
| Selecting the classification system for the project | xxxvi | ||
| Scope of application | xxxvi | ||
| 2.3\tGOMPITZ | xxxvii | ||
| General description | xxxvii | ||
| Multi-State Deterioration Process: the Non Homogeneous Markov Chain approach | xxxviii | ||
| Defining The Pipeline as Analysis Unit | xxxviii | ||
| Defining the Structural Condition States | xxxviii | ||
| Defining the Stochastic Process | xxxix | ||
| Forecasting the future condition of a pipeline | xxxix | ||
| 2.4\tINFILTRATION/EXFILTRATION MODEL | xxxix | ||
| Background | xxxix | ||
| General description | xl | ||
| Scope of application | xl | ||
| Exfiltration | xli | ||
| Infiltration | xli | ||
| Strengths | xlii | ||
| Limitations | xlii | ||
| 2.5\tTHE BLOCKAGE MODEL | xlii | ||
| General description | xlii | ||
| Output | xliv | ||
| Data requirements | xliii | ||
| Input | xliii | ||
| Scope of application | xliii | ||
| 2.6\tLOAD MODEL | xliv | ||
| General description | xliv | ||
| Strengths and limitations | xlv | ||
| Scope of application | xliv | ||
| Minimum input data requirements | xlv | ||
| Additional input data | xlv | ||
| 2.7\tEXTCORR | xlv | ||
| 2.8\tWATS INTERNAL CORROSION MODEL | xlvi | ||
| General description | xlvi | ||
| Sewer corrosion | xlvi | ||
| Description of the internal sewer corrosion model | xlvi | ||
| Scope of application | xlvii | ||
| The WATS model | xlvii | ||
| What does the WATS model simulate? | xlvii | ||
| How does the WATS model simulate sewer processes? | xlviii | ||
| Aerobic conditions in the water phase | xlviii | ||
| Anaerobic conditions | xlix | ||
| xlix | |||
| Reaeration and hydrogen sulfide release | xlix | ||
| Corrosion | xlix | ||
| Rooting of gas and water | xlix | ||
| Input data | xlix | ||
| Strengths | l | ||
| Limitations | l | ||
| 2.9\tZ INTERNAL CORROSION MODEL | l | ||
| General description | l | ||
| Development of the Z-model | l | ||
| Scope of application | li | ||
| Data | li | ||
| Strengths | lii | ||
| Limitations | lii | ||
| REFERENCES | lii | ||
| 3.0 Description and validation of hydraulic performance | liii | ||
| INTRODUCTION | liii | ||
| 3.1\tWORK – PACKAGE 3.1: EVALUATION OF CURRENT BEST PRACTICE | liv | ||
| 3.1.1\tTask and reports | liv | ||
| 3.2\tWORK – PACKAGE 3.2: MODELLING HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE AND TEMPORAL DECLINE | liv | ||
| 3.2.1\tTask and reports | liv | ||
| 3.2.2\tHydraulic investigation | liv | ||
| 3.2.3\tCarry out flow measurement | lv | ||
| 3.2.4\tEvaluation of temporal decline effects on the flow capacity using the 3D model FLUENT | lv | ||
| Defect classification in accordance with EN 13508-2:2001 | lv | ||
| 3D numerical analysis using FLUENT model | lvi | ||
| Methodology | lvi | ||
| Simulation of obstacles | lvi | ||
| Displaced pipe (EN 13508 code: BAJ) | lvii | ||
| Roots (EN 13508 code: BBA) | lvii | ||
| Sags (EN 13508 code: BBE) | lviii | ||
| Experiment | lix | ||
| Results | lix | ||
| 3.2.5\tTOOL: DEGRADATION MODEL | lx | ||
| Example of degradated system analysis: Nordberg case study | lx | ||
| 3.2.6\tIdentify hydraulic deficiencies | lxi | ||
| 3.3 WORK - PACKAGE 3.3: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF REHABILITATION | lxiii | ||
| 3.3.1\tTasks and reports | lxiii | ||
| 3.3.2\tProblem identification | lxiii | ||
| 3.3.3\tDerivation of criteria to be used in the decision support system | lxiv | ||
| 3.3.4\tMethods to calculate criteria | lxiv | ||
| 3.3.5\tExample of integrated long term assessment | lxvi | ||
| 3.4\tWORK – PACKAGE 3.4: COMBINING HYDRAULIC AND RELIABILITY MODELS | lxvii | ||
| 3.4.1\tTask and reports | lxvii | ||
| 3.4.2\tHydraulic and Environmental Criteria | lxvii | ||
| 3.4.3\tTool | lxviii | ||
| 3.4.4\tHydraulic Performance | lxviii | ||
| 3.4.5\tVelocity | lxxi | ||
| Minimum Velocity Criteria | lxxii | ||
| 1. Self-cleaning slope | lxxii | ||
| 2. Shear Stress | lxxii | ||
| 3. Frictional Velocity | lxxii | ||
| 4. Full Pipe Velocity (Imhoff criterion) | lxxiii | ||
| Maximum Velocity Criteria | lxxiii | ||
| Infiltration | lxxiii | ||
| Exfiltration | lxxiv | ||
| CSOs | lxxiv | ||
| 3.4.6 Conclusions | lxxiv | ||
| REFERENCES | lxxiv | ||
| 4.0 Rehabilitation Technology Information System | lxxv | ||
| 4.1\tINTRODUCTION | lxxv | ||
| 4.1.1\tRehabilitation terminology | lxxvi | ||
| 4.2\tTHE REHABILITATION TECHNOLOGIES DATABASE | lxxvii | ||
| 4.2.1\tRehabilitation classification in the database | lxxix | ||
| Applicability conditions or requirements | lxxix | ||
| Technique rates and characteristics | lxxx | ||
| 4.2.2\tState-of-the-art in rehabilitation technologies: List of techniques | lxxxi | ||
| 4.3\tOPERATIONAL METHODS | lxxxiii | ||
| 4.3.1\tIntroduction | lxxxiii | ||
| 4.3.2\tOccurrence of pollution according to the type of sewer | lxxxiv | ||
| 4.3.3\tExtraction of material from the pipelines | lxxxiv | ||
| 4.3.4\tBasic technology of sewer cleaning | lxxxv | ||
| 4.3.5\tFlushing Process | lxxxv | ||
| 4.3.6\tHigh-Pressure Water Jetting Process | lxxxv | ||
| 4.3.7\tMechanical cleaning | lxxxvi | ||
| 4.3.8\tOther operational methods | lxxxvii | ||
| 4.4\tTHE COST TOOL | lxxxvii | ||
| REFERENCES | lxxxviii | ||
| 5.0 Socio-economic Consequences | lxxxix | ||
| 5.1 INTRODUCTION | lxxxix | ||
| 5.2\tGENERAL PRESENTATION OF WP5 TASKS | xc | ||
| Task 5.1 Rehabilitation impact on socio-economic costs | xc | ||
| Task 5.2 Rehabilitation impact on social life quality | xc | ||
| Task 5.3 Public acceptance and communication with public | xc | ||
| 5.3\tFRAMEWORK AND DEFINITIONS | xci | ||
| 5.3.1\tWhat are social costs and why consider them? | xci | ||
| DEFECT or FAULT | xci | ||
| PERFORMANCE DEFICIENCY | xci | ||
| FAILURE | xci | ||
| EXTERNAL EFFECTS (due to defects/performance deficiencies) | xci | ||
| EXTERNAL EFFECTS (due to rehabilitation works) | xci | ||
| EXTERNAL IMPACTS (due to defects/performance deficiencies or to rehabilitation works) | xci | ||
| SOCIAL COSTS (due to defects/performance deficiencies or to rehabilitation works) | xcii | ||
| 5.3.2 Impacts of sewer pipes failures: addressing risk and vulnerability | xcii | ||
| 5.4 TASK 5.1: REHABILITATION IMPACTS ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC COSTS | xciv | ||
| 5.4.1 Structure of the task and relations to other CARE-S components | xciv | ||
| Criteria for the selection of priorities among rehabilitation projects | xcv | ||
| 5.4.2 The Sociofail and Socioworks softwares | xcvii | ||
| 5.5 TASK 5.2: REHABILITATION IMPACT ON SOCIAL LIFE QUALITY | xcix | ||
| 5.5.1 Introduction | xcix | ||
| 5.5.2 Methodology | xcix | ||
| 5.5.3 Some key synthetic results | cii | ||
| 5.6 Task 5.3: Public acceptance and communication with public | ciii | ||
| 6.0 Multi-criteria decision support | cv | ||
| 6.1 BACKGROUND | cv | ||
| 6.2 Methodologies of multi-criteria decision support | cviii | ||
| Classification of methodologies | cix | ||
| Substitution methods (scoring models) | cix | ||
| Elimination Methods | cix | ||
| Multi-criteria pairwise comparison | cix | ||
| Procedures for multi-criteria decision support in CARE-S | cix | ||
| 6.3 Exploring rehabilitation programmes and strategies | cx | ||
| Data set | cx | ||
| Condition forecast with GompitZ | cxi | ||
| Options for future rehabilitation strategies | cxii | ||
| Example for the consideration of predictable PI: Infiltration | cxii | ||
| 6.4 Selecting cost-efficient rehabilitation projects | cxv | ||
| Interactive Elimination Procedure (IEP) | cxvi | ||
| Formalisation of the procedure | cxvii | ||
| Application | cxix | ||
| 6.5 Choosing the right rehabilitation technology | cxix | ||
| Preliminary order of candidates | cxix | ||
| The balancing process | cxx | ||
| Operating comparisons in pairs | cxxi | ||
| Solving balancing problems | cxxi | ||
| Application and workflow model | cxxi | ||
| Software design | cxxii | ||
| References | cxxiii | ||
| 7.0 Development of the wastewater network rehabilitation manager | cxxvi | ||
| 7.1 BACKGROUND | cxxvi | ||
| 7.2 SCIENTIFIC METHODOLOGY APPLIED | cxxvii | ||
| 7.2.1 The CARE-S Procedure | cxxvii | ||
| 7.2.2 The Wastewater Rehabilitation Manager Software | cxxx | ||
| 7.3 SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OBTAINED | cxxx | ||
| 7.3.1 The CARE-S Procedure | cxxx | ||
| 7.4 CONCLUSION - THE ROLE OF THE REHABILITATION MANAGER | cxliii | ||
| 8.0 End-user testing | cxlv | ||
| 8.1 INTRODUCTION | cxlv | ||
| 8.2 OVERVIEW OF THE TESTING | cxlv | ||
| 8.2.1 Testing approach | cl | ||
| 8.2.2 Updating tools | cli | ||
| 8.3 END-USER TEST RESULTS | cli | ||
| 8.3.1 Data availability and preparation | cli | ||
| 8.3.2 Main findings | cliii | ||
| CARE-S_PI | cliii | ||
| Hydraulic Analysis (Degradation, CAT, GAT, HELLMUD) | cliv | ||
| Rehabilitation Tech Database | cliv | ||
| Socio-economic Analysis (SocioFails, SocioWorks) | cliv | ||
| Decision Support (SRP, SRT, SRS) | cliv | ||
| 8.3.3 Updated help files | cliv | ||
| 8.3.4 Proposals for enhancement | clv | ||
| 8.4 CONCLUDING REMARKS | clvi |