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Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors

Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors

Marcos Von Sperling

(2007)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors is the fifth volume in the series Biological Wastewater Treatment. The first part of the book is devoted to the activated sludge process, covering the removal of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus.A detailed analysis of the biological reactor (aeration tank) and the final sedimentation tanks is provided. The second part of the book covers aerobic biofilm reactors, especially trickling filters, rotating biological contractors and submerged aerated biofilters. For all the systems, the book presents in a clear and informative way the main concepts, working principles, expected removal efficiencies, design criteria, design examples, construction aspects and operational guidelines. 
About the series: The series is based on a highly acclaimed set of best selling textbooks. This international version is comprised by six textbooks giving a state-of-the-art presentation of the science and technology of biological wastewater treatment.  Other titles in the series are: Volume 1: Waste Stabilisation Ponds; Volume 2: Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment; Volume 3: Waste Stabilization Ponds; Volume 4: Anaerobic Reactors; Volume 6: Sludge Treatment and Disposal

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Contents vi
Preface x
1 Activated sludge process and main variants 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Variants of the Activated Sludge Process 4
2 Principles of organic matter removal in continuous-flow activated sludge systems 17
2.1 Preliminaries 17
2.2 Sludge age in activated sludge systems 19
2.3 Suspended solids concentration in the reactor 19
2.4 Calculation of the reactor volume 21
2.5 Substrate removal 24
2.6 Soluble bod and total bod in the effluent 27
2.7 Sludge digestion in the reactor 31
2.8 Recirculation of the activated sludge 34
2.9 Production and removal of excess sludge 39
2.10 Oxygen requirements 48
2.11 Nutrient requirements 55
2.12 Influence of the temperature 58
2.13 Functional relations with the sludge age 59
3 Design of continuous-flow activated sludge reactors for organic matter removal 68
3.1 Selection of the sludge age 68
3.2 Design parameters 70
3.3 Physical configuration of the reactor 71
3.4 design details 74
4 Design of activated sludge sedimentation tanks 77
4.1 Types of sedimentation tanks 77
4.2 Determination of the surface area required for secondary sedimentation tanks 78
4.3 Design details in secondary sedimentation tanks 99
4.4 Design of primary sedimentation tanks 101
5 Design example of an activated sludge system for organic matter removal 104
5.1 Introduction 104
5.2 Model parameters and coefficients 105
5.3 DESIGN of the conventional activated sludge system 106
5.4 Summary of the design 119
6 Principles of biological nutrient removal 121
6.1 Introduction 121
6.2 Nitrogen in raw sewage and main transformations in the treatment process 123
6.3 Principles of nitrification 127
6.4 Principles of biological denitrification 140
6.5 Principles of biological phosphorus removal 148
7 Design of continuous-flow systems for biological nutrient removal 159
7.1 Biological nitrogen removal 159
7.2 Biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus 176
8 Intermittent operation systems (sequencing batch reactors) 185
8.1 Introduction 185
8.2 Principles of the process 185
8.3 Process variants 188
8.4 Design criteria for sequencing batch reactors 193
8.5 Design methodology for sequencing batch reactors 196
8.6 Design example of a sequencing batch reactor 197
9 Activated sludge for the post-treatment of the effluents from anaerobic reactors 204
9.1 Design criteria and parameters 204
9.2 Design example of an activated sludge system for the post-treatment of the effluent from a uasb reactor 207
10 Biological selectors 217
10.1 Introduction 217
10.2 Types of selectors 219
11 Process control 223
11.1 Introduction 223
11.2 Basic concepts of process control 225
11.3 Dissolved oxygen control 227
11.4 Solids control 228
11.5 Monitoring the system 235
12 Identification and correction of operational problems 236
12.1 Introduction 236
12.2 High concentrations of suspended solids in the effluent 237
12.3 High bod concentrations in the effluent 260
12.4 High ammonia concentrations in the effluent 263
13 Basic principles of aerobic biofilm reactors 265
13.1 Introduction 265
13.2 Classification of aerobic biofilm reactors 266
13.3 Formation, structure and behaviour of biofilms 267
14 Trickling filters 271
14.1 Description of the technology 271
14.2 Design criteria 275
14.3 Construction aspects 282
14.4 Operational aspects 283
15 Rotating biological contactors 287
15.1 Introduction 287
15.2 Description of the technology 287
15.3 Design criteria 289
15.4 Construction aspects and characteristics of the support medium 292
16 Submerged aerated biofilters 294
16.1 Introduction 294
16.2 Description of the technology 294
16.3 Design criteria 302
16.4 Construction aspects 304
16.5 Operational aspects 305
References 313