Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes

Richard M. Stuetz; T Stephenson

BOOK

Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes

Richard M. Stuetz | T Stephenson

(2009)

Additional Information

Book Details

ISBN: 978-1-78040-171-3
Edition: 1
Language: English
Pages: 224
Subjects: The environment
Environmental science, engineering & technology
Water supply & treatment

Abstract

Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes is the third book in the Water and Wastewater Process Technologies Series.
The book outlines the principle unit operations that are involved in the separation, degradation and utilisation of organic and inorganic matter during water and wastewater treatment. The module builds on the subjects of chemistry, biology and engineering covered in Process Science and Engineering for Water and Wastewater Treatment (Module 1) and provides a descriptive introduction to unit operations that are further described with design and operational details in later books in the series.
The text of Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes has been divided into the following Units:

Water Quality
Process Flowsheeting
Physical Processes
Chemical Processes
Sorption Processes
Biological Processes
Membrane Processes
Sludge Treatment Utilisation
Odour Management

These units have has been designed for individual self-paced study that includes photographs, illustrations and tables and describe the form, function and application of unit operations for the treatment of water and wastewater. Each section of the text gives step-by-step learning in a particular subject, that includes an approximation of how long you will need to spend on that section and provides key points that highlight the principles of the different sections. Each unit includes exercises to help understand the material in the text, self-assessment questions to test your understanding and text references.

Section Title	Page	Action	Price
Title page	1
Copyright page	2
Contents	3
Introduction to the Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies Series	5
Water Science at Cranfield University	6
Editors	7
Volume Editor	7
Series Editor	7
Acknowledgements	7
How to Use This Book	8
Introduction to Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes	9
Unit 1: Water Quality	11
Contents	11
Aims and Objectives	12
Essential Prerequisites	12
1.1 Introduction	13
1.2 Monitoring	14
1.2.1 Compliance Monitoring	14
1.2.2 Treatment Plant Design	14
1.2.3 Performance Monitoring	14
1.2.4 Process Control	14
1.3 Measurement of Quality Parameters	17
1.3.1 Measured Parameters	17
1.3.2 Accuracy and Precision	17
1.3.3 Economics of Monitoring	18
1.4 Parameter Types	19
1.4.1 Physical Parameters	19
1.4.2 Organoleptic Parameters	19
1.4.3 Chemical Parameters	19
1.4.4 Biological Parameters	19
1.5 Key Water Quality Parameters	21
1.5.1 Physical Parameters	21
1.5.2 Organoleptic Parameters	21
1.5.3 Chemical Parameters (Inorganic)	22
1.5.4 Chemical Parameters (Organic)	25
1.5.5 Biological Parameters	27
1.6 Self Assessment Questions	30
1.7 Solutions to Exercises	31
Bibliography	32
Unit 2: Flowsheeting	33
Contents	33
Aims and Objectives	34
Essential Prerequisites	34
2.1 Introduction	35
2.2 Flowsheeting	36
2.2.1 Processes	36
2.2.2 Design Parameters	37
2.2.3 Flowsheet Selection	38
2.3 Unit Processes	39
2.3.1 Principles of Operation	39
2.3.2 Standard Unit Processes	40
2.4 Flowsheets	50
2.5 Self Assessment Question	53
Bibliography	54
Unit 3: Physical Processes	55
Contents	55
Aims and Objectives	56
Essential Prerequisites	56
3.1 Introduction	57
3.2 Sedimentation	58
3.2.1 Horizontal Settlement Tanks	58
3.2.2 Vertical and Radial Settlement Tanks	60
3.2.3 Clarifiers	61
3.3 Flotation	64
3.4 Screening	66
3.4.1 Bar Screens	67
3.4.2 Travelling and Rotating Screens	67
3.5 Comminution	71
3.6 Filtration	73
3.6.1 Gravity Filtration	73
3.6.2 Continuous Filtration	76
3.6.3 Multi-media Filtration	76
3.7 Centrifugal Separation	78
3.8 Self Assessment Questions	80
3.9 Solutions to Exercises	81
Bibliography	82
Unit 4: Chemical Processes	83
Contents	83
Aims and Objectives	84
Essential Prerequisites	84
4.1 Introduction	85
4.2 Chemical Solution Dosing	86
4.3 pH Adjustment	91
4.4 Precipitation	92
4.5 Coagulation and Flocculation	94
4.6 Oxidation and Reduction	99
4.7 Disinfection	103
4.8 Scale and Corrosion Inhibition	106
4.9 Self Assessment Questions	108
4.10 Solutions to Exercises	109
Bibliography	110
Unit 5: Sorption Processes	111
Contents	111
Aims and Objectives	112
Essential Prerequisites	112
5.1 Introduction	113
5.2 Sorption	114
5.3 Adsorption	115
5.4 Ion Exchange Softening	118
5.5 Ion Exchange Deionisation	120
5.6 Mixed Bed Polishing	122
5.7 Ion Exchange in Wastewater Treatment	123
5.8 Self Assessment Questions	124
5.9 Solutions to Exercises	125
Bibliography	126
Unit 6: Biological Processes	127
Contents	127
Aims and Objectives	128
Essential Prerequisites	128
6.1 Introduction	129
6.2 Biological Processes	130
6.2.1 Microbiology	130
6.2.2 Aerobic and Anaerobic Processes	132
6.2.3 Reactor Types	132
6.2.4 Treatment Systems	133
6.3 Aerobic Fixed Film Processes	135
6.3.1 Biofilm formation	135
6.3.2 Trickling Filters	136
6.3.3 Rotating Biological Contactors	138
6.3.4 Biological Aerated Filters	139
6.3.5 Fluidised Beds	139
6.4 Aerobic Suspended Growth Processes	141
6.4.1 Activated Sludge	142
6.4.2 Sequencing Batch Reactors	143
6.4.3 Biological Nutrient Removal	143
6.4.4 Membrane Bioreactors	145
6.5 Anaerobic Processes	147
6.5.1 Microbiology and Biochemistry	147
6.5.2 Anaerobic Systems	148
6.5.3 Anaerobic Reactors	149
6.6 Self Assessment Questions	152
6.7 Glossary of Terms	153
6.8 Solutions to Exercises	155
Bibliography	156
Unit 7: Membrane Processes	157
Contents	157
Aims and Objectives	158
Essential Prerequisites	158
7.1 Introduction	159
7.2 Membranes and Membrane Processes	160
7.3 Membrane Structure	161
7.4 Membrane Manufacture	163
7.5 Membrane Process Parameters	164
7.6 Membrane Configuration	165
7.6.1 Pleated Filter Membranes	165
7.6.2 Plate and Frame Membranes	165
7.6.3 Spiral Wound Membranes	166
7.6.4 Tubular Membranes	167
7.6.5 Hollow Fibre Membranes	168
7.7 Membrane Process Operation	169
7.8 Membrane Applications	170
7.8.1 Dead-end Microfiltration	170
7.8.2 Crossflow Microfiltration	170
7.8.3 Ultrafiltration	170
7.8.4 Nanofiltration	171
7.8.5 Reverse Osmosis	171
7.8.6 Electrodialysis	171
7.9 Self Assessment Questions	172
7.10 Solutions to Exercises	173
Bibliography	174
Unit 8: Sludge Treatment and Utilisation	175
Contents	175
Aims and Objectives	176
Essential Prerequisites	176
8.1 Introduction	177
8.2 Sludge Sources and Characteristics	178
8.3 Sludge Treatment	180
8.3.1 Thickening	180
8.3.2 Stabilisation	181
8.3.2.1 Aerobic Digestion	182
8.3.2.2 Anaerobic Digestion	182
8.3.3 Dewatering	186
8.3.4 Thermal Drying	190
8.4 Sludge Utilisation	191
8.4.1 Land Utilisation	191
8.4.2 Fuel Options	193
8.8 Self Assessment Questions	194
8.9 Solutions to Exercises	195
Bibliography	196
Unit 9: Odour Management	197
Contents	197
Aims and Objectives	198
Essential Prerequisites	198
9.1 Introduction	199
9.2 Odour	200
9.2.1 Odour Formation	200
9.2.2 Sources of Odours	200
9.3 Odour Measurement	201
9.3.1 Olfactometry	201
9.3.2 H2S Analysis	202
9.4 Odour Assessment	204
9.4.1 H⊂2S Mapping	204
9.4.2 Dispersion Modelling	205
9.5 Odour Treatment	206
9.5.1 Biological Odour Treatment	206
9.5.2 Chemical Odour Treatment	209
9.5.3 Physical Odour Treatment	210
9.6 Self Assessment Questions	211
9.7 Solutions to Exercises	212
Bibliography	213
Solutions to Self Assessment Questions	215
Unit 1 – Water Quality	215
Unit 3 – Physical Processes	216
Unit 4 – Chemical Processes	217
Unit 5 – Sorption Processes	218
Unit 6 – Biological Processes	219
Unit 7 – Membrane Processes	221
Unit 8 – Sludge Treatment and Utilisation	222
Unit 9 – Odour Management	223

Principles of Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes

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