BOOK
Integrated High Resolution Imaging Radar and Decision Support System for the Rehabilitation of WATER PIPElines
Matthaios Bimpas | Angelos Amditis | Nikolaos Uzunoglu | Antonia Lorenzo | Anibal Vega
(2010)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Many EU cities are experiencing increasing problems with their water pipeline infrastructure. The cost of replacing these old, worn-out systems, if left to deteriorate beyond repair, is astronomical and clearly beyond the resources of many communities. Replacement, however, is not the only choice as many of these systems can be rehabilitated at 30 to 70 percent of the cost of replacement. Accordingly, resources are now increasingly being allocated to address pipeline rehabilitation management issues. Due to the emphasis on sustainable management, risk-based approaches for the rehabilitation management of the water supply network need to be developed. Rehabilitation decisions should be based, interalia, on inspection and evaluation of the pipeline conditions. Yet, utilities cannot locate a number of their old pipes and current inspection technologies typically do not provide the needed detailed information on pipeline damage.
The objectives of this book are to describe the research work carried out in the framework of WATERPIPE project aiming:
- To develop a novel, high-resolution imaging ground penetrating radar for the detection of pipes, leaks and damages and the imaging of the damaged region and evaluate it at a test site
- To produce an integrated system that will contain the equipment in "1" and a Decision Support System (DSS) for the rehabilitation management of the underground water pipelines that will use input from the inspections to assess, probabilistically, the time-dependent leakage and structural reliability of the pipelines and a risk-based methodology for rehabilitation decisions that considers the overall risk, including financial, social and environmental criteria
- To field test the equipment and the DSS
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Half Title | 1 | ||
Title | 3 | ||
Copyright | 4 | ||
Contents | 5 | ||
Abbreviation list | 9 | ||
Editorial | 11 | ||
Chapter 1: The problem and the main objectives of WATERPIPE project | 13 | ||
THE PROBLEM | 13 | ||
OVERVIEW OF THE BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY | 14 | ||
Water leakage costs | 14 | ||
Current methods of detection | 15 | ||
Acoustic systems | 15 | ||
Flow monitoring | 15 | ||
Common drawback | 15 | ||
Additional problems | 15 | ||
Damage to water infrastructure | 15 | ||
Damage to adjacent infrastructure | 15 | ||
Drivers for change | 16 | ||
The WATERPIPE objectives | 16 | ||
DESCRIPTION OF THE BOOK STRUCTURE | 17 | ||
REFERENCES | 18 | ||
Chapter 2: Introduction to the asset management | 19 | ||
ASSET MANAGEMENT | 19 | ||
WHY ASSET MANAGEMENT? | 19 | ||
ASSET MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES | 20 | ||
ASSET LIFE-CYCLE PRACTICES | 20 | ||
Asset creation | 21 | ||
Operation and maintenance | 21 | ||
Condition assessment and performance monitoring | 21 | ||
Asset renewal (rehabilitation and replacement) | 21 | ||
Asset disposal | 22 | ||
CONCLUSIONS | 22 | ||
REFERENCES | 22 | ||
Chapter 3: Leakage monitoring and control: Pressure management, detection and location of leaks | 23 | ||
CONTROL OF LEAKAGE USING DISTRICT METERED AREAS (DMA) | 23 | ||
THEORY OF DMA MANAGEMENT | 23 | ||
DMA LITERATURE REVIEW | 24 | ||
DISTRICT METERED AREAS | 24 | ||
Definition | 24 | ||
Objective | 24 | ||
Advantages | 24 | ||
Disadvantages | 25 | ||
Design criteria | 25 | ||
PRESSURE MANAGEMENT | 25 | ||
EFFECT OF PRESSURE | 27 | ||
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY | 27 | ||
IMPLEMENTING PRESSURE MANAGEMENT | 29 | ||
FLOW MODULATION | 29 | ||
LEAKAGE CONTROL USING MINIMUM NIGHT FLOW (MNF) | 30 | ||
REFERENCES | 31 | ||
Chapter 4: Equipment for leak detection and location | 33 | ||
WHAT TECHNOLOGIES MAY FIND LEAKS IN ‘DIFFICULT’ PIPES? | 33 | ||
THE ‘‘CONVENTIONAL’’ TECHNOLOGIES | 34 | ||
The leak noise correlator – established technology with new features | 34 | ||
Leak localizing – a new survey tool | 34 | ||
Correlating noise loggers | 34 | ||
Gas injection | 35 | ||
THE ‘NEW’ TECHNOLOGIES | 35 | ||
Correlation using low-frequency hydrophones | 35 | ||
Chicago case study | 35 | ||
Signal analysis | 36 | ||
In-pipe acoustic technology | 36 | ||
The Sahara | 36 | ||
Wireless technology | 37 | ||
WHAT IS GPR AND HOW DOES IT WORK? | 37 | ||
HOW DOES GPIR DIFFER FROM GPR? | 37 | ||
GPIR PIPE LOCATION METHODOLOGIES | 38 | ||
DATA INTERPRETATION | 38 | ||
ADVANTAGES & LIMITATIONS | 38 | ||
LEGISLATION & STANDARDS | 39 | ||
USE NEAR SENSITIVE RADIO ENVIRONMENTS | 40 | ||
REFERENCES | 40 | ||
Chapter 5: Usage of GPIR devices: The WATERPIPE ground penetrating imaging radar – GPIR | 41 | ||
METHODOLOGY | 41 | ||
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GROUND PENETRATING IMAGING RADAR – GPIR | 42 | ||
Operation principle | 42 | ||
The prototype GPIR | 43 | ||
BASIC HARDWARE SYSTEM COMPONENTS FOR THE FIRST GPIR | 44 | ||
Transmitter unit | 44 | ||
Receiver front end | 45 | ||
Signal digitizer, computer and image display | 46 | ||
MODIFICATIONS IN THE UPDATED VERSION OF THE SYSTEM | 49 | ||
SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION | 50 | ||
1. Software for acquisition and control | 50 | ||
Computer and image display | 50 | ||
Signal digitizer | 51 | ||
2. Software for image reconstruction | 51 | ||
3. Software for visualization and rendering | 52 | ||
LEAKING SYSTEM: A COMPLIMENTARY RADAR SENSOR EMPLOYED TO DETECT AND LOCATE WATER LEAKS | 52 | ||
Description of the system | 52 | ||
Detection criteria for the water leaks | 54 | ||
REFERENCES | 55 | ||
Chapter 6: Measurements with the WATERPIPE GPIR system and the LEAKING system | 56 | ||
INITIAL MEASUREMENTS USING THE WATERPIPE SYSTEM | 56 | ||
Preliminary lab measurements | 57 | ||
Measurements with the system in the test site (NTUA/EYDAP) | 57 | ||
Ability to perform 3-D imaging in the underground media | 57 | ||
Testing of the performed algorithms | 59 | ||
REAL MEASUREMENTS BY USING THE ENHANCED VERSION OF THE WATERPIPE GPIR | 60 | ||
MEASUREMENTS BY USING THE LEAKING SYSTEM AT A REAL WATER LEAKING CONDITIONS | 62 | ||
Test site measurements | 62 | ||
Description of the test site | 62 | ||
Measurement results | 62 | ||
Comparative measurements in an urban city of Germany | 65 | ||
CONCLUSIONS | 66 | ||
REFERENCES | 66 | ||
Chapter 7: Design, implementation, testing and refinement of the expert system, the data base, the data manager and the geographic information system GIS module | 68 | ||
INTRODUCTION | 68 | ||
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE | 68 | ||
Logical system view | 69 | ||
The physical system view | 71 | ||
Programming languages | 71 | ||
Module interaction/database integration | 71 | ||
Graphical User Interface (GUI) design | 71 | ||
Platform issues | 71 | ||
DATA DESCRIPTION | 71 | ||
On conceptual modeling | 72 | ||
MODULE SPECIFICATION – INTEGRATION | 72 | ||
The user interface – UI | 74 | ||
GIS interface specification | 76 | ||
The query manager | 76 | ||
The data manager – DM | 76 | ||
The API concept | 77 | ||
Chapter 8: Field testing report for the Decision-Support-System (DSS) | 78 | ||
TESTING OF THE DSS IN AMGA, ITALY | 78 | ||
Software application | 78 | ||
Verification tests | 83 | ||
Result | 86 | ||
AQUASERV, ROMANIA | 86 | ||
Software application | 86 | ||
Verification tests | 88 | ||
RISA, GREECE | 96 | ||
Input information | 96 | ||
Verification tests | 96 | ||
CONCLUSIONS | 97 | ||
Conclusions reached by AMGA | 97 | ||
Conclusions reached by AQUASERV | 97 | ||
Conclusions reached by EYDAP | 99 |