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Wastewater Sludge

Wastewater Sludge

Ludovico Spinosa

(2011)

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Book Details

Abstract

Following a successful first edition published in 2007, the follow-up 2011 edition of Wastewater Sludge - A Global Overview of the Current Status and Future Prospects will present an updated and expanded perspective on developments in relation to wastewater sludge around the world. Sludge arising from wastewater treatment represents a serious environmental issue, requiring technological and management solutions to ensure it is processed in a safe and economically efficient manner. Extension of sewers, the construction of new wastewater treatment facilities and the upgrading of existing wastewater plants means the amount of sludge to be handled continues to increase. Alongside this, aspects relating to energy consumption and sustainable operation need to be considered. Within this general picture, sludge is generated in different technical, economic and social contexts around the world, demanding that different approaches need to be taken. 
The 2011 edition of this report provides a strategic overview of the wastewater sludge market around the world, based on regional and country contributions. These look at the current situation in terms of sludge generation, legislation, technology applied and management management approaches. These will then look at anticipated developments over the short / medium term, including expected developments in terms of legislation and the technology and management solutions to be implemented. These will be complemented by longer term perspectives also. 
The report has been prepared for the Market Briefing Series of the International Water Association's magazine Water21, with input from IWA's network of wastewater sludge experts around the world. Contributions in the 2011 edition include Western Europe, Portugal, Italy, Belgium, Eastern Europe, Turkey, USA, Canada, Latin America / Caribbean, Colombia, Brazil, East Asia, Korea, Malaysia, South Asia, China, Africa, and Australasia.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Title page 2
Copyright page 3
contents page 4
Introduction and Overview 6
The concept of sustainability 6
Sustainability in sludge management 6
Examples of alternative approaches 7
Western Europe 7
Eastern Europe 8
USA 8
Canada 8
Latin America 8
East Asia 9
China 9
South East Asia 9
Africa 10
Australasia 10
References 10
Western Europe 12
Current situation 12
Production and management practices 12
Phosphorus recycling 12
CO2 relevance 13
Legislation 13
Anticipated developments 14
Management practices 14
Legislation 15
Concluding remarks 15
Acknowledgement 15
References 15
Belgium 16
Current situation 16
Flemish Region 16
Walloon Region 17
Brussels – Capital Region 18
Anticipated developments 18
Flemish Region 18
Walloon Region 19
Brussels – Capital Region 19
Concluding remarks 19
References 20
Italy 20
Current situation 20
Regulations 20
Management practice 23
Anticipated developments 24
Concluding remarks 24
Acknowledgements 25
References 25
Portugal 25
Current situation 25
Production and treatment 26
Regulation / legislation 27
Disposal 27
Anticipated developments 28
Concluding remarks 28
References 29
Eastern Europe 30
Current situation 30
Anticipated developments 31
Concluding remarks 32
References 32
Russia 33
Current situation 33
Anticipated developments 34
Concluding remarks 35
References 35
Turkey 35
Current situation 35
Anticipated developments 38
Concluding remarks 39
References 39
United States 40
Current situation 40
Anticipated developments 42
Process / technology options 42
Future view and needs of the local market 45
Concluding remarks 45
References 45
Canada 48
Current aspects 48
Regulations 48
Status of technology 49
Land application 50
Thermal oxidation 50
Anticipated developments 50
Concluding remarks 51
References 51
Mexico 52
Current situation 52
Sludge characteristics 52
Legislation 53
Treatment processes 53
Disposal 53
Anticipated developments 54
Concluding remarks 54
References 55
Brazil 55
Current situation 56
Anticipated developments 57
References 57
Argentina, Chile and Colombia 57
Argentina 57
Chile 58
Colombia 58
References 59
East Asia 62
Current situation 62
Status of the technology 63
Fuel materials and drying 63
Incineration and Gasification 64
Advanced use of digestion gas and high-rate methane fermentation 64
Anticipated developments 65
Concluding remarks 65
References 66
Republic of Korea (South Korea) 66
Status of the technology 67
Sanitary landfill cover by sludge solidification 67
Sludge composting 68
Earthworm cast (Vermiculture) 68
Recovery 68
Portland cement additive 68
Cover for greening slope 68
Incineration 68
Current situation 66
Anticipated developments 69
Concluding remarks 69
References 69
China 70
Current situation 70
Wastewater treatment and sludge production 70
Sludge management 71
Anaerobic digestion 71
Incineration 71
Composting 72
The policies 72
Anticipated developments 72
Concluding remarks 73
References 73
South East Asia 74
Current situation 74
Current wastewater collection, treatment and sludge production 74
Legislations and regulations 75
Technology and management practices 76
Anticipated developments 76
Concluding remarks 77
References 78
Malaysia 79
Current situation 79
General considerations 79
Current management aspects 80
Status of technology 80
Anticipated developments 81
Concluding remarks 82
References 82
South Africa 84
Current situation 84
Legislative overview 85
Wastewater sludge classification system 86
Anticipated developments 88
Concluding remarks 89
References 89
Ghana 89
Current situation 89
References 90
Other Countries 90
Ludovico Spinosa 90
References 91
Australasia 92
Current situation 92
Recent innovations 93
Research horizons 94
Utility level testing: examples 94
Other projects 95
Anticipated developments 95
Concluding remarks 96
Acknowledgement 96
References 96