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Book Details
Abstract
Following a successful first edition published in 2007, the follow-up 2011 edition of Wastewater Sludge - A Global Overview of the Current Status and Future Prospects will present an updated and expanded perspective on developments in relation to wastewater sludge around the world. Sludge arising from wastewater treatment represents a serious environmental issue, requiring technological and management solutions to ensure it is processed in a safe and economically efficient manner. Extension of sewers, the construction of new wastewater treatment facilities and the upgrading of existing wastewater plants means the amount of sludge to be handled continues to increase. Alongside this, aspects relating to energy consumption and sustainable operation need to be considered. Within this general picture, sludge is generated in different technical, economic and social contexts around the world, demanding that different approaches need to be taken.
The 2011 edition of this report provides a strategic overview of the wastewater sludge market around the world, based on regional and country contributions. These look at the current situation in terms of sludge generation, legislation, technology applied and management management approaches. These will then look at anticipated developments over the short / medium term, including expected developments in terms of legislation and the technology and management solutions to be implemented. These will be complemented by longer term perspectives also.
The report has been prepared for the Market Briefing Series of the International Water Association's magazine Water21, with input from IWA's network of wastewater sludge experts around the world. Contributions in the 2011 edition include Western Europe, Portugal, Italy, Belgium, Eastern Europe, Turkey, USA, Canada, Latin America / Caribbean, Colombia, Brazil, East Asia, Korea, Malaysia, South Asia, China, Africa, and Australasia.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Title page | 2 | ||
Copyright page | 3 | ||
contents page | 4 | ||
Introduction and Overview | 6 | ||
The concept of sustainability | 6 | ||
Sustainability in sludge management | 6 | ||
Examples of alternative approaches | 7 | ||
Western Europe | 7 | ||
Eastern Europe | 8 | ||
USA | 8 | ||
Canada | 8 | ||
Latin America | 8 | ||
East Asia | 9 | ||
China | 9 | ||
South East Asia | 9 | ||
Africa | 10 | ||
Australasia | 10 | ||
References | 10 | ||
Western Europe | 12 | ||
Current situation | 12 | ||
Production and management practices | 12 | ||
Phosphorus recycling | 12 | ||
CO2 relevance | 13 | ||
Legislation | 13 | ||
Anticipated developments | 14 | ||
Management practices | 14 | ||
Legislation | 15 | ||
Concluding remarks | 15 | ||
Acknowledgement | 15 | ||
References | 15 | ||
Belgium | 16 | ||
Current situation | 16 | ||
Flemish Region | 16 | ||
Walloon Region | 17 | ||
Brussels – Capital Region | 18 | ||
Anticipated developments | 18 | ||
Flemish Region | 18 | ||
Walloon Region | 19 | ||
Brussels – Capital Region | 19 | ||
Concluding remarks | 19 | ||
References | 20 | ||
Italy | 20 | ||
Current situation | 20 | ||
Regulations | 20 | ||
Management practice | 23 | ||
Anticipated developments | 24 | ||
Concluding remarks | 24 | ||
Acknowledgements | 25 | ||
References | 25 | ||
Portugal | 25 | ||
Current situation | 25 | ||
Production and treatment | 26 | ||
Regulation / legislation | 27 | ||
Disposal | 27 | ||
Anticipated developments | 28 | ||
Concluding remarks | 28 | ||
References | 29 | ||
Eastern Europe | 30 | ||
Current situation | 30 | ||
Anticipated developments | 31 | ||
Concluding remarks | 32 | ||
References | 32 | ||
Russia | 33 | ||
Current situation | 33 | ||
Anticipated developments | 34 | ||
Concluding remarks | 35 | ||
References | 35 | ||
Turkey | 35 | ||
Current situation | 35 | ||
Anticipated developments | 38 | ||
Concluding remarks | 39 | ||
References | 39 | ||
United States | 40 | ||
Current situation | 40 | ||
Anticipated developments | 42 | ||
Process / technology options | 42 | ||
Future view and needs of the local market | 45 | ||
Concluding remarks | 45 | ||
References | 45 | ||
Canada | 48 | ||
Current aspects | 48 | ||
Regulations | 48 | ||
Status of technology | 49 | ||
Land application | 50 | ||
Thermal oxidation | 50 | ||
Anticipated developments | 50 | ||
Concluding remarks | 51 | ||
References | 51 | ||
Mexico | 52 | ||
Current situation | 52 | ||
Sludge characteristics | 52 | ||
Legislation | 53 | ||
Treatment processes | 53 | ||
Disposal | 53 | ||
Anticipated developments | 54 | ||
Concluding remarks | 54 | ||
References | 55 | ||
Brazil | 55 | ||
Current situation | 56 | ||
Anticipated developments | 57 | ||
References | 57 | ||
Argentina, Chile and Colombia | 57 | ||
Argentina | 57 | ||
Chile | 58 | ||
Colombia | 58 | ||
References | 59 | ||
East Asia | 62 | ||
Current situation | 62 | ||
Status of the technology | 63 | ||
Fuel materials and drying | 63 | ||
Incineration and Gasification | 64 | ||
Advanced use of digestion gas and high-rate methane fermentation | 64 | ||
Anticipated developments | 65 | ||
Concluding remarks | 65 | ||
References | 66 | ||
Republic of Korea (South Korea) | 66 | ||
Status of the technology | 67 | ||
Sanitary landfill cover by sludge solidification | 67 | ||
Sludge composting | 68 | ||
Earthworm cast (Vermiculture) | 68 | ||
Recovery | 68 | ||
Portland cement additive | 68 | ||
Cover for greening slope | 68 | ||
Incineration | 68 | ||
Current situation | 66 | ||
Anticipated developments | 69 | ||
Concluding remarks | 69 | ||
References | 69 | ||
China | 70 | ||
Current situation | 70 | ||
Wastewater treatment and sludge production | 70 | ||
Sludge management | 71 | ||
Anaerobic digestion | 71 | ||
Incineration | 71 | ||
Composting | 72 | ||
The policies | 72 | ||
Anticipated developments | 72 | ||
Concluding remarks | 73 | ||
References | 73 | ||
South East Asia | 74 | ||
Current situation | 74 | ||
Current wastewater collection, treatment and sludge production | 74 | ||
Legislations and regulations | 75 | ||
Technology and management practices | 76 | ||
Anticipated developments | 76 | ||
Concluding remarks | 77 | ||
References | 78 | ||
Malaysia | 79 | ||
Current situation | 79 | ||
General considerations | 79 | ||
Current management aspects | 80 | ||
Status of technology | 80 | ||
Anticipated developments | 81 | ||
Concluding remarks | 82 | ||
References | 82 | ||
South Africa | 84 | ||
Current situation | 84 | ||
Legislative overview | 85 | ||
Wastewater sludge classification system | 86 | ||
Anticipated developments | 88 | ||
Concluding remarks | 89 | ||
References | 89 | ||
Ghana | 89 | ||
Current situation | 89 | ||
References | 90 | ||
Other Countries | 90 | ||
Ludovico Spinosa | 90 | ||
References | 91 | ||
Australasia | 92 | ||
Current situation | 92 | ||
Recent innovations | 93 | ||
Research horizons | 94 | ||
Utility level testing: examples | 94 | ||
Other projects | 95 | ||
Anticipated developments | 95 | ||
Concluding remarks | 96 | ||
Acknowledgement | 96 | ||
References | 96 |