BOOK
Understanding Behaviour in Dementia that Challenges, Second Edition
Ian Andrew James | Louisa Jackman | Katharina Reichelt | Alan Howarth | Matt Crooks | Deborah Sells | Jennifer Loan | Roberta Caiazza | Julian Hughes
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
The innovative Newcastle Challenging Behaviour Model for dementia care has recently been updated, leading to new advances in the field. This revised second edition guide to assessment and treatment of behaviours that challenge associated with dementia includes these latest developments along with new sections on what have traditionally been considered controversial topics.
The new chapters cover issues including:
- End of life care
- Use of therapeutic dolls
- Lies and deception
- Physical restraint during personal care
- Racism towards care staff
With a particular emphasis on non-pharmacological approaches, this book details the range of behaviours common in individuals with dementia, along with the most effective assessment and treatment techniques for health care professionals.
Ian Andrew James is Challenging Behaviour Trust Lead for Older People and Consultant Clinical Psychologist in Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Trust. Ian is also an Honorary Professor at Bradford University.
Dr Louisa Jackman worked in Older People's Psychological Services for 13 years until recently moving to work in neuropsychology. She now works with people with Acquired Brain Injury in Northumberland, Tyne & Wear NHS Trust.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Understanding Behaviour in Dementia that Challenges, second edition: A Guide to Assessment and Treatment by Ian Andrew James and Louisa Jackman | 3 | ||
| Part I: Setting the Scene | 9 | ||
| 1. Introduction | 11 | ||
| 2. The Nature of Dementia | 17 | ||
| 3. An Introduction to Behaviours that Challenge and Their Causes | 30 | ||
| Part II: Clinical Interventions for Behaviours that Challenge | 53 | ||
| 4. Clinical Approaches to Behaviours that Challenge | 55 | ||
| 5. Pharmacological Approaches | 60 | ||
| 6. Screening for Health Conditions Associated with Confusion and | 73 | ||
| 7. Communication and Interaction Training (CAIT) Programme for Carers | 86 | ||
| 8. The Use of Protocol Intervention in the Treatment of Behaviours that Challenge | 106 | ||
| 9. Psychological and Other Non-Pharmacological Approaches | 125 | ||
| The Newcastle 10. Model | 148 | ||
| 11. Case Studies | 168 | ||
| Service 12. Development | 203 | ||
| Part III: Challenging Topics in Dementia Care | 215 | ||
| 13. Racism in Care Settings | 217 | ||
| 14. The Use of Physical Restraint to Deliver Essential Personal C | 233 | ||
| 15. The Use of Dolls in Dementia Care | 248 | ||
| 16. Therapeutic Lying | 260 | ||
| 17. Behaviours that Challenge at the End of Life | 280 | ||
| References (for the whole book) | 293 | ||
| Subject Index | 310 | ||
| Author Index | 315 | ||
| Figures | 6 | ||
| Figure 2.1 Profile of the dementias and their percentage frequencies | 18 | ||
| Figure 3.1 Iceberg Analogy | 36 | ||
| Figure 3.2 CBT cycle | 44 | ||
| Figure 3.3 Biopsychosocial formulation of John | 46 | ||
| Figure 3.4 John and caregivers – CBT conceptualisation of a dysfunctional interaction | 47 | ||
| Figure 4.1 Treatment approaches for BtC | 55 | ||
| Figure 4.2 The DCP Stepped-Care Model for BtC (Brechin et al., 2013) | 57 | ||
| Figure 4.3 Structure of clinical chapters based on the DCP framework | 59 | ||
| Figure 5.1 Risk profile of antipsychotics | 66 | ||
| Figure 6.1 Systems of the body coordinated by the brain | 75 | ||
| Figure 7.1 Wheel of Communication | 89 | ||
| Figure 7.2 Mapping the emotional interactions between Tom and Helen | 96 | ||
| Figure 8.1 The DCM cycle | 122 | ||
| Figure 10.1 Overview of the NCBT’s formulation | 156 | ||
| Figure 10.2 Example of a behavioural chart incorporating an \nABC analysis together with elements of the Newcastle approach | 157 | ||
| Figure 10.3 NPI results for NCBT audit | 162 | ||
| Figure 11.1 Gordon’s formulation sheet | 171 | ||
| Figure 11.2 Mapping the emotional interactions between Tom and Helen | 175 | ||
| Figure 11.3 Helen’s formulation sheet | 176 | ||
| Figure 11.4 Typical example of a negative sequence occurring prior to the intervention | 180 | ||
| Figure 11.5 Cathy’s Newcastle Needs Checklist | 181 | ||
| Figure 11.6 Cathy’s formulation | 183 | ||
| Figure 11.7 Charlie’s ABC chart | 186 | ||
| Figure 11.8 Charlie’s formulation | 188 | ||
| Figure 11.9 John’s formulation (continues) | 195 | ||
| Figure 13.1 Possible relationships in which racism may occur | 218 | ||
| Figure 13.2 Decision-tree for dealing with racial abuse from PWD | 228 | ||
| Figure 15.1 Needs fulfilled through the use of dolls (Fraser and James, 2008) | 250 | ||
| Figure 16.1 Mike’s timeline | 270 | ||
| Figure 16.2 Interlocking spheres of communication – entering Mike’s reality | 272 | ||
| Figure 16.3 The truth versus well-being graph (Caiazza and James, 2016) | 277 | ||
| Tables | 6 | ||
| Table 1.1 Estimated prevalence of dementia by world regions (2015 and 2050) | 12 | ||
| Table 1.2 Seven of the 20 WHO dementia research priorities (WHO Research Prioritization Exercise, World Alzheimer Report (ADI, 2016) | 15 | ||
| Table 2.1 Classification system of stages, illustrating the Allen model (Allen et al., 2007) and the Pool Activity Levels (Pool, 2012) | 21 | ||
| Table 3.1 List of common BtC | 32 | ||
| Table 3.2 Classification of needs in dementia care | 42 | ||
| Table 3.3 Table differentiating needs from ‘wishes and demands’ | 43 | ||
| Table 5.1 List of medications used to treat BtC | 63 | ||
| Table 5.2 The top five psychotropics chosen for Bishara’s three vignettes (Bishara et al., 2009) | 70 | ||
| Table 6.1 Common health conditions associated with BtC | 74 | ||
| Table 6.2 Most common causes of delirium | 80 | ||
| Table 6.3 Table of family caregiver questionnaires | 83 | ||
| Table 7.1 Customer care skills taught in Module 1 | 89 | ||
| Table 7.2 Articulation of skills pre and post CAIT | 91 | ||
| Table 7.3 Basic needs list | 94 | ||
| Table 7.4 Cognitive themes and their relationships to emotional appearance | 95 | ||
| Table 8.1 The Needs Hierarchy process | 109 | ||
| Table 8.2 Trying to meet Roger’s needs | 110 | ||
| Table 8.3 RAM framework | 111 | ||
| Table 8.4 Response plan for RAM | 112 | ||
| Table 8.5 Response Plan for Joan | 115 | ||
| Table 8.6 Decision-tree matrix for physical non-aggressive behaviours (Cohen-Mansfield, 2000) | 117 | ||
| Table 8.7 Newcastle Challenging Behaviour Checklist (example version) | 118 | ||
| Table 9.1 Summary of the WHELD findings (Ballard et al., 2016) | 127 | ||
| Table 9.2 Non-pharmacological approaches in dementia and their evidence base | 128 | ||
| Table 10.1 LCAPS guidelines for working with care staff | 149 | ||
| Table 10.2 The ‘5 plus 9’ NCBT treatment model | 151 | ||
| Table 10.3 Some of the skills required to work with staff in care facilities | 154 | ||
| Table 10.4 Illustration of how the emotional presentation of the person can help identify need and develop the intervention | 161 | ||
| Table 10.5 Reasons for not employing the full protocol | 164 | ||
| Table 11.3 Summary of NCBT interventions (Mackin, 2009) | 200 | ||
| Table 12.1 Skills required in working with staff and families with BtC in dementia | 209 | ||
| Table 13.1 Billing and Moos’ grid and examples of immediate (IM) and long-term (LT) coping strategies that were used by care workers (Milburn and Stephenson, 2012) | 225 | ||
| Table 15.1 Guidelines for the use of dolls in dementia care settings (Mackenzie, Wood-Mitchell and James, 2007) | 258 | ||
| Table 16.1 Terms typically used in the taxonomies of untruths | 262 | ||
| Table 16.2 Types of lies told by carers (Mills et al., in press) | 265 | ||
| Table 16.3 The prevalence of the time‑shifting phenomenon in care homes | 267 | ||
| Table 17.1 Psychological needs of people with dementia and aspects of palliative care (from Hughes 2006, p.8) | 282 | ||
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