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Achieving sustainable cultivation of wheat Volume 2

Achieving sustainable cultivation of wheat Volume 2

Prof. Peter Langridge | Prof. Arun Kumar Joshi | Vinod Kumar Mishra | Simanchal Sahu | Prof. Peter J. Gregory | Christina K. Clarke | Dr Vijesh Krishna | Alwin Keil | Sreejith Aravindakshan | Mukesh Meena | Dr Q. Xue | J. Rudd | J. Bell | T. Marek | S. Liu | Tadesse Dessalegn | Tesfaye Solomon | Tesfaye Gebre Kristos | Abiy Solomon | Shure Seboka | Yazie Chane | Dr Bhadriraju Subramanyam | Kamala A. Roberts | Fetien Abay | Rizana Mahroof | J. R. Guarin | Prof. S. Asseng | Dr Brian L. Beres | Reem Aboukhaddour | Haley Catton | Dr Thomas F. Döring | J. M. Clarke | K. Nilsen | D. Khitiri | X. Lin | Prof. C. J. Pozniak | K. Ammar | Dr Tinashe Chiurugwi | Simon Kerr | Ian Midgley | L. A. Boyd | Johnson Kamwaga | Peter Njau | Terry van Gevelt | Claudia Canales | Max Marcheselli | Dr Rajiv Kumar  Sharma | W Tadesse | A Amri | M Sanchez-Garcia | M El-Bouhssini | M Karrou | S Patil | F Bassi | Dr Michael Baum | Prof. T. Oweis

(2017)

Abstract

Wheat is the most widely cultivated cereal in the world and a staple food for around 3 billion people. It has been estimated that demand for wheat could increase by up to 60% by 2050. There is an urgent need to increase yields in the face of such challenges as climate change, threats from pests and diseases and the need to make cultivation more resource-efficient and sustainable.
Drawing on an international range of expertise, this collection focuses on ways of improving the cultivation of wheat at each step in the value chain, from breeding to post-harvest storage. Volume 2 reviews research in improving cultivation techniques. Chapters in Part 1 review topics such as variety selection, seed and root growth, water and nutrient management. Part 2 goes on to discuss broader issues such as sustainable intensification and organic cultivation. The final part of the collection covers ways of improving wheat cultivation in the developing world.
Achieving sustainable cultivation of wheat Volume 2: Cultivation techniques will be a standard reference for cereal scientists in universities, government and other research centres and companies involved in wheat cultivation. It is accompanied by Volume 1 which reviews breeding, quality traits, pests and diseases.

"With their breadth of coverage, distinguished editor and the international expertise of the contributing authors, these two volumes promise to be a standard reference for wheat scientists around the world."

Dr Sanjaya Rajaram, Winner of the 2014 World Food Prize and Former Director of the Global Wheat Program at The International Wheat Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)
"These books present a comprehensive coverage of issues facing wheat production globally. The authors represent the top scientists involved in the diverse areas that are important for sustainable wheat production. This book provides an excellent resource for those interested in wheat improvement and production."Dr Hans-Joachim Braun, Director Global Wheat Program and CRP Wheat, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico

Wheat is the most widely cultivated cereal in the world and a staple food for around 3 billion people. It has been estimated that demand for wheat could increase by up to 560% by 2050. There is an urgent need to increase yields in the face of such challenges as climate change, threats from pests and diseases and the need to make cultivation more resource-efficient and sustainable.

Drawing on an international range of expertise, this collection focuses on ways of improving the cultivation of wheat at each step in the value chain, from breeding to post-harvest storage. Volume 1 reviews research in improving cultivation techniques. Chapters in Part 1 review topics such as variety selection, seed and root growth, water and nutrient management. Part 2 goes on to discuss broader issues such as sustainable intensification and organic cultivation. The final part of the collection covers ways of improving wheat cultivation in the developing world.

Achieving sustainable cultivation of wheat Volume 2: Cultivation techniques will be a standard reference for cereal scientists in universities, government and other research centres and companies involved in wheat cultivation. It is accompanied by Volume 1 which reviews breeding, quality traits, pests and diseases.


Sample content

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‘With their range of topics and authors, these volumes promise to be a standard reference for wheat scientists.’
Professor Rudy Rabbinge, Emeritus Professor of Sustainable Development and Food Security, Wageningen University, The Netherlands; also formerly the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) and the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA).

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Contents\r v
Series list\r ix
Introduction\r xiii
Part 1 Wheat cultivation techniques\r xiii
Part 2 Wheat crop management\r xv
Part 3 Improving wheat cultivation in the developing world xvi
Summary\r xvii
Key priorities in wheat research: the Wheat Initiative’s Strategic Research Agenda\r xix
Introduction\r xix
The Wheat Initiative and its Strategic Research Agenda\r xix
Core theme 1: Increase wheat yield potential\r xx
Core theme 2: protect yield potential\r xxi
Subtopic 2.1: controlling wheat diseases and pests\r xxii
Subtopic 2.2: improving tolerance of wheat \nto abiotic stress\r xxiii
Core theme 3: protect the environment and increase the sustainability of wheat production systems\r xxv
Subtopic 3.1: nutrient use efficiency\r xxv
Subtopic 3.2: agronomy and crop management\r xxvi
Core theme 4: ensuring the supply of high quality, \nsafe wheat\r xxviii
Cross-cutting theme 5: enabling technologies and shared resources\r xxix
Subtopic 5.1: enabling technologies and methods\r xxix
Subtopic 5.2: shared platforms and technologies\r xxxii
Subtopic 5.3: genetic resources\r xxxiii
Crosscutting theme 6: knowledge exchange and education\r xxxiv
Summary\r xxxv
Part 1 Wheat cultivation techniques 1
Chapter 1 Variety selection in wheat cultivation 3
1 Introduction 2
2 Wheat variety selection methods: natural and traditional selection 4
3 Wheat variety selection methods: modern molecular breeding 8
4 Variety selection by plant breeders\r 12
5 Variety selection by farmers\r 17
6 Conclusion\r 18
7 Where to look for further information\r 18
8 References\r 18
Chapter 2 Establishment and root development in wheat crops 25
1 Introduction\r 25
2 Root development and growth during establishment\r 26
3 Crop establishment practices\r 28
4 Case study: the effects of embryo size and seed mass on early vigour 33
5 Research contributions to improved wheat establishment and production 35
6 Future trends in research\r 36
7 Where to look for further information\r 38
8 Acknowledgements\r 38
9 References\r 38
Chapter 3 Conservation tillage for sustainable wheat intensification: the example of South Asia 41
1 Introduction\r 41
2 Factors affecting the diffusion of CT wheat \nin South Asia 43
3 Recent evidence of the agronomic and economic impacts of CT wheat in South Asia 45
4 Constraints to the diffusion of CT practices in wheat in South Asia 49
5 Recent developments in CT wheat\r 53
6 Concluding remarks\r 55
7 Where to look for further information\r 56
8 Acknowledgements\r 56
9 References\r 56
Chapter 4 Improving water management in winter wheat 63
1 Introduction\r 63
2 Winter wheat yield\r 68
3 Yield determination under water-limited conditions\r 69
4 The role of measuring evapotranspiration (ET)\r 70
5 Water-use efficiency\r 70
6 Wheat yield, evapotranspiration (ET) and water-use efficiency (WUE) relationships 71
7 Case studies\r 73
8 Future trends and conclusion\r 80
9 Where to look for further information\r 80
10 References\r 81
Chapter 5 Post-harvest wheat losses in Africa: an Ethiopian case study 85
1 Introduction 85
2 Methods\r 88
3 Demographics\r 88
4 Crop production information\r 90
5 Post-harvest issues\r 91
6 Preventing post-harvest losses\r 99
7 Information flow and training requirements\r 99
8 Gender and food security issues\r 100
9 Conclusion\r 101
10 Acknowledgements\r 101
11 Where to look for further information\r 102
12 References\r 102
Part 2 Wheat crop management 105
Chapter 6 Wheat crop modelling to improve yields 107
1 Introduction\r 107
2 Extrapolation from crop models in time and space\r 111
3 Experiments for testing crop models\r 114
4 Adapting crop models for climate change impact\r 117
5 Natural resource management\r 121
6 Managing seasonal variability\r 124
7 Decision support for farmers\r 126
8 Future trends\r 127
9 Conclusion\r 129
10 Where to look for further information\r 130
11 Acknowledgements\r 130
12 References\r 130
Chapter 7 Integrated crop management of wheat 143
1 Introduction\r 143
2 Impact of agronomists on agriculture\r 145
3 Case study: ICM for wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton) 153
4 Future trends and conclusion\r 159
5 Where to look for further information\r 160
6 References\r 160
Chapter 8 Organic production of wheat and spelt 167
1 Introduction\r 167
2 Wheat in organic rotations\r 169
3 Organic wheat in species mixtures\r 179
4 Diversification of organic wheat at the genetic level\r 182
5 Organic wheat and farm biodiversity\r 187
6 Future trends and conclusion\r 189
7 Where to look for further information\r 189
8 Acknowledgements\r 190
9 References\r 190
Chapter 9 Durum wheat: production, challenges \nand opportunities 199
1 Introduction\r 199
2 Durum wheat yield and agronomic traits\r 200
3 Abiotic stresses on durum wheat\r 202
4 Major diseases of durum wheat\r 205
5 Insect pests of durum wheat\r 210
6 End-use quality of durum wheat\r 212
7 Durum wheat breeding technologies\r 215
8 Future trends and conclusion\r 218
9 Where to look for further information\r 220
10 References\r 220
Part 3 Improving wheat cultivation in the developing world 235
Chapter 10 Supporting smallholders in improving wheat cultivation 237
1 Introduction: smallholder wheat cultivation\r 237
2 Limitations to smallholder wheat cultivation\r 242
3 How research addresses limitations to smallholder wheat cultivation 246
4 Case study: Agri-transfer\r 250
5 Future trends\r 253
6 Where to look for further information\r 254
7 References\r 255
Chapter 11 Improving wheat cultivation in Asia 261
1 Introduction 262
2 Improving and exploiting genetic diversity\r 262
3 Improving breeding techniques\r 264
4 Dealing with biotic stresses\r 266
5 Dealing with abiotic stresses\r 267
6 Improving aspects of quality\r 269
7 Improving cultivation practices\r 270
8 Case study: improving cultivation in India\r 271
9 Summary\r 274
10 Where to look for further information\r 274
11 References\r 275
Chapter 12 Improving wheat production in the Central and West Asia and North Africa (CWANA) region 287
1 Introduction\r 287
2 Major wheat production environments \r 290
3 Challenges to wheat production\r 291
4 Improved technologies to enhance wheat production\r 292
5 Intensification of wheat technologies\r 301
6 Future trends \r 303
7 Where to look for further information\r 305
8 References\r 305