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Mobility between Africa, Asia and Latin America

Mobility between Africa, Asia and Latin America

Ute Röschenthaler | Alessandro Jedlowski

(2017)

Abstract

Trade connections and cultural exchange between Africa and the rest of the global South have existed for centuries. Since the end of the Cold War, these connections have expanded and diversified dramatically, with emerging economies such as China, India, and Brazil becoming increasingly important both as sources of trade and as a destination for African migrants. But while these trends have attracted growing scholarly attention, there has so far been little appreciation of the sheer breadth and variety of this exchange, or of its deeper social impact.

This collection brings together a wide array of scholarly perspectives to explore the movement of people, commodities, and ideas between Africa and the wider global South, with rich empirical case studies ranging from Senegalese migrants in Argentina to Lebanese traders in Nigeria. The contributors argue that this exchange represents a form of ‘globalization from below’ which defies many of the prevailing Western assumptions about migration and development, and which can only be understood if we consider the full range and complexity of migrant experiences.

Multidisciplinary in scope, Mobility between Africa, Asia and Latin America is essential reading for students and scholars across the social sciences interested in the interconnected economic and social make-up of the global South.


Ute Röschenthaler is professor of anthropology at Johannes Gutenberg University, and a research fellow at Goethe University of Frankfurt. Her other books include Purchasing Culture: the Dissemination of Associations in the Cross River Region of Cameroon and Nigeria (2011) and Copyright Africa: How Intellectual Property, Media and Markets Transform Immaterial Cultural Goods (co-edited with Mamadou Diawara, 2016).

Alessandro Jedlowski is a FNRS post-doctoral research fellow in anthropology at the University of Liège, Belgium, and a former Marie Curie/Cofund fellow at the same university. He is the author of several essays in international journals and edited collections, and he is the co-editor (together with Ute Röschenthaler) of a recent special issue of the Journal of African Cultural Studies on China-Africa media interactions.


'Empirically rich and conceptually astute, this volume gives the reader unparalleled insight into the lives of mobile traders crisscrossing the Global South. Essential reading for anyone interested in contemporary globalization and its historical roots.'
Neil Carrier, University of Oxford

'This important collection offers compelling accounts of geopolitical histories, personal trajectories, and unexpected cultural outcomes. The volume is recommended to anyone interested in Africa's diverse transnational connections.'
Heidi Østbø Haugen, University of Oslo

'Illuminating in shedding light on what are relatively little-known aspects of contemporary globalization … would be read with reward by those interested in the developing economic and social components of the global South.'
Pacific Affairs

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover Cover
About the Editors ii
Title Page iii
Copyright\r iv
Contents v
Figures and Tables vii
About the Contributors viii
Preface xi
1. Introduction: Landscapes of Opportunity, Mobility and Entrepreneurial Perspectives 1
The Global South and Globalization from Below 5
Global Movements, Migration and Mobility 8
Biographical Approaches and the Motivations of Actors 10
Historical Relationships and Economic Networks 12
Biographies of Mobility and Aspirations of Success 15
Knowledge Transfer and Cultural Interactions 18
Conclusion 21
Part I: Historical Relationships and Economic Networks 29
2. Chinese Migration to Africa: Historical Perspectives and New Developments 30
The History of Chinese Migration to Africa 31
Distinguishing Features and Trajectories of the New Chinese Migrants in Africa 35
Cultural Exchange and Economic Support in China’s Africa Policy 38
Conclusion 44
3. Karimjee Jivanjee & Co. in Tanzania, 1860–2000: A Case for ‘Diasporic Family Firms’\r 49
Diasporic Family Businesses 50
The South Asian Diaspora in the Indian Ocean Region and the Emergence of the House of Karimjee Jivanjee 54
Conclusion 67
4. The Lebanese Community of Ibadan: A Portrait of Successful Entrepreneurship 72
Lebanese Migration to West Africa 74
The Lebanese in Ibadan 76
Business and Industrialization 77
Charity and Philanthropy 81
Mobility, Success and Nigerian–Lebanese Relations\r 84
Conclusion 86
5. Importing Goods to Khartoum: Traders between Sudan, China and Dubai 89
Biographies of Markets and Trajectories of Traders 91
The Impact of Chinese Trade on Commercial Practices: Requalification and Adaptation 98
The Role of Political Power 100
The Appearance of New Types of Entrepreneurs 102
Conclusion 107
6. The Senegalese in Argentina: Migratory Networks and Small-Scale Trade\r 111
Africans in Argentina: The Senegalese Migration\r 112
The Life of the Senegalese in Argentina 119
Mobile Street Selling in an Illegal Situation 121
The Pathways of Mobility 125
Conclusion 126
Part II: Biographies of Mobility and Aspirations of Success\r 133
7. Migration, Successes and Liminal Spaces: A Contemporary Perspective on Africans in India\r 134
Africans in India: Immigration and Entrepreneurship 135
Fulfilling Aspirations through Education\r 140
Liminal Spaces: Racism against Africans in India 143
Problems Faced by Africans in India 147
Seeking Healthcare in India 149
Conclusion 152
8. African Businesses in Malaysia: ‘You Just Have to Be Smart’ to Survive\r 156
Africans in Malaysia: Interaction and Divergent Expectations 158
Knowledge as Capital: Brokerage Services 162
Travelling Foods: Supplying the African Community 164
The Requirement ‘To Be Smart’: Organizing Leisure\r 168
Transnational Business and Cooperation with Local Partners 171
Conclusion 174
9. Senegalese Women in International Trade: From Dakar to Asia\r 181
From Male to Female Itinerant Traders 182
Life Stories of Female Traders: How to Get into Business 185
From Cuts to Asia: Gaining a Foothold in International Trade\r 189
Facing the Tax and Customs Authorities: Amateurism or Sharp Strategies? 192
Conclusion 195
10. African Entrepreneurs in China: True Actors of Globalization 200
Beyond South–South Limitations: Biographical Approaches to the Study of West African Mobilities in China\r 201
Entrepreneurial Trajectories between Africa and China 206
Biographies of Movement and Expansion 208
Transnational Mobilities through the Biographic Lens 213
Part III: Knowledge Transfer and Cultural Interactions\r 219
11. Chinese Textile Production in East Africa: Cooperation through the Experience of Tanzanian Managers\r 220
A Brief Overview of Sino-Tanzanian Relations\r 222
Urafiki: A Symbol of Sino-Tanzanian Relations\r 225
Urafiki, Sino-Tanzanian Relations and the Biographies of Two Tanzanian Managers\r 227
Conclusion 231
12. Mandarin Education for Economic Empowerment: The Confucius Institute in Lagos, Nigeria\r 236
Sino-African Cooperation and the Confucius Institute’s Mission\r 239
Establishing Confucius Institutes and a Chinese Language Centre in Nigeria 242
The Influence of Mandarin in Nigerian Society and Its Role in Schools 244
Studying Chinese at the University: Fellowships and Exchange Programmes with China 246
The Role of Language for Nigerian Business People in China 248
Mediating Intercultural Misunderstandings through Language Education 251
Conclusion 254
13. Africans in China: Agents of Soft Power? 259
Africa–China Relations: The Diaspora Challenge\r 261
Africa–China Cooperation: The Diaspora Contributions\r 262
African Sportsmen, Philanthropists and Community Leaders 265
Looking Ahead: Pointing to a People-to-People Approach\r 271
Summary and Conclusions 272
14. Rumberos and Guerrilleros: Angélique Kidjo, Freddy Ilanga and African–Cuban Relations\r 277
Freddy Ilanga: Cuban Guerrilleros and African Students 280
Angélique Kidjo: Cuban Records in Africa and African Musicians in Cuba 286
Conclusion 293
15. Culture on the Move: Cape Verde between Africa and Latin America\r 298
The UNESCO Site Cidade Velha: An Ancient Slave Port 301
The Restored Slave Ship and Reviving Local Artistic Performance 306
Animating the Site with Afro-Brazilian Performance Culture\r 308
South–South Flows in the Barlovento Islands\r 310
Capoeira in Mindelo 311
Conclusions 313
Index 319