BOOK
Williams Textbook of Endocrinology E-Book
Henry M. Kronenberg | Shlomo Melmed | Kenneth S. Polonsky | P. Reed Larsen
(2007)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
In your complex and dynamic field, it can be a struggle to continually integrate the latest scientific and clinical information into your everyday patient care. The 11th Edition of this beloved reference is the solution! Leading authorities provide just the right blend of scientific insight and clinical know-how to help you overcome any clinical challenge. A new full-color, extremely user-friendly format makes reference a snap. And, full-text online access lets you search the contents rapidly from any computer!
- Chapters bridge the gap between basic science and clinical applications, providing the right context for optimal diagnosis and treatment.
- Chapters by the leading authorities in endocrinology equip you with authoritative opinions on any challenge you face.
- New chapters on hormones and athletic performance · neuroendocrine control of appetite and body weight · and HIV/AIDS keep you up to date on these timely topics.
- New evidence-based screening algorithms and treatment boxes deliver reliable clinical guidance at a glance.
- New full-color illustrations throughout help you grasp essential concepts easily.
- Full-text online access lets you search the book instantly on your computer and download images for your next presentation.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Williams Textbook of Endocrinology | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Table of Contents | xvii | ||
| CONTRIBUTORS | v | ||
| PREFACE | xv | ||
| CHAPTER 1. PRINCIPLES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY | 3 | ||
| Introduction | 3 | ||
| The Evolutionary Perspective | 3 | ||
| Endocrine Glands | 5 | ||
| Transport of Hormones in Blood | 6 | ||
| Target Cells as Active Participants | 6 | ||
| Control of Hormone Secretion | 8 | ||
| Hormone Measurement | 10 | ||
| Endocrine Diseases | 10 | ||
| Therapeutic Strategies | 11 | ||
| CHAPTER 2. THE ENDOCRINE PATIENT | 12 | ||
| General Considerations | 12 | ||
| Special Features of Endocrine Illness | 12 | ||
| Unique Features of Reproductive Disorders | 13 | ||
| Evaluation of Patients with Endocrine Disorders | 13 | ||
| Imaging | 16 | ||
| Conveying Results | 16 | ||
| Some New Features of Clinical Endocrinology | 16 | ||
| Management | 17 | ||
| CHAPTER 3. GENETIC CONTROL OF PEPTIDE HORMONE FORMATION | 18 | ||
| Evolution of Peptide Hormones and Their Functions | 19 | ||
| Steps in Expression of a Protein- Encoding Gene | 19 | ||
| Subcellular Structure of Cells that Secrete Protein Hormones | 21 | ||
| Intracellular Segregation and Transport of Polypeptide Hormones | 21 | ||
| Processes of Hormone Secretion | 24 | ||
| Structure of a Gene Encoding a Polypeptide Hormone | 25 | ||
| Regulation of Gene Expression | 26 | ||
| Generation of Biologic Diversi. cation | 30 | ||
| CHAPTER 4. MECHANISM OF ACTION OF HORMONES THAT ACT ON NUCLEAR RECEPTORS | 37 | ||
| Ligands that Act Via Nuclear Receptors | 38 | ||
| Subclasses of Nuclear Receptor Ligands | 38 | ||
| Orphan Receptors | 39 | ||
| Variant Receptors | 39 | ||
| Regulation of Ligand Levels | 39 | ||
| Nuclear Receptor Signaling Mechanisms | 40 | ||
| Domain Structure of Nuclear Receptors | 40 | ||
| Nuclear Localization | 41 | ||
| Hormone Binding | 41 | ||
| Target Gene Recognition by Receptors | 42 | ||
| Receptor Dimerization | 42 | ||
| Receptor Regulation of Gene Transcription | 43 | ||
| CHAPTER 5. MECHANISM OF ACTION OF HORMONES THAT ACT AT THE CELL SURFACE | 47 | ||
| Receptors | 47 | ||
| Hormone Binding | 48 | ||
| Regulation of Hormone Sensitivity | 48 | ||
| Receptor Tyrosine Kinases | 48 | ||
| Downstream Signaling Pathways | 51 | ||
| Off Signals: Termination of Hormone Action | 53 | ||
| Mechanisms of Disease | 53 | ||
| Receptor Serine Kinases | 54 | ||
| Receptors that Signal through Associated Tyrosine Kinases | 55 | ||
| G Protein–Coupled Receptors | 58 | ||
| G Protein–Coupled Receptor Interactions with Other Proteins | 61 | ||
| CHAPTER 6. LABORATORY TECHNIQUES FOR RECOGNITION OF ENDOCRINE DISORDERS | 67 | ||
| Types of Assays | 67 | ||
| Analytic Validation | 75 | ||
| Quality Assurance | 78 | ||
| CHAPTER 7. NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY | 85 | ||
| HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE | 85 | ||
| NEURAL CONTROL OF GLANDULAR SECRETION | 86 | ||
| HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY UNIT | 88 | ||
| CIRCUMVENTRICULAR ORGANS | 92 | ||
| PINEAL GLAND | 94 | ||
| HYPOPHYSEOTROPIC HORMONES AND NEUROENDOCRINE AXES | 96 | ||
| NEUROENDOCRINE DISEASE | 136 | ||
| CHAPTER 8. ANTERIOR PITUITARY | 155 | ||
| DEVELOPMENT, ANATOMY, AND OVERVIEW OF CONTROL OF HORMONE SECRETION | 155 | ||
| PITUITARY MASSES | 159 | ||
| PHYSIOLOGY AND DISORDERS OF PITUITARY HORMONE AXES | 180 | ||
| PITUITARY FAILURE | 235 | ||
| CHAPTER 9. POSTERIOR PITUITARY | 263 | ||
| ANATOMY | 263 | ||
| SYNTHESIS AND RELEASE OF NEUROHYPOPHYSEAL HORMONES | 264 | ||
| PHYSIOLOGY OF SECRETION OF VASOPRESSIN AND THIRST | 264 | ||
| DIABETES INSIPIDUS | 268 | ||
| TREATMENT OF DIABETES INSIPIDUS | 273 | ||
| THE SYNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE SECRETION | 275 | ||
| OXYTOCIN | 286 | ||
| CHAPTER 10. THYROID PHYSIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF PATIENTS WITH THYROID DISORDERS | 299 | ||
| PHYLOGENY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND ONTOGENY | 299 | ||
| ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY | 300 | ||
| IODINE AND THE SYNTHESIS AND SECRETION OF THYROID HORMONES | 301 | ||
| THYROID HORMONES IN PERIPHERAL TISSUES | 305 | ||
| REGULATION OF THYROID FUNCTION | 312 | ||
| PHYSICAL EVALUATION OF THE THYROID GLAND | 318 | ||
| LABORATORY ASSESSMENT OF THYROID STATUS | 319 | ||
| QUANTITATION OF SERUM THYROID HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS | 320 | ||
| CHAPTER 11. THYROTOXICOSIS | 333 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 333 | ||
| CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF THYROTOXICOSIS | 333 | ||
| LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF THYROTOXICOSIS | 337 | ||
| GRAVES’ DISEASE | 337 | ||
| INHERITED NONIMMUNE HYPERTHYROIDISM | 360 | ||
| TOXIC MULTINODULAR GOITER | 360 | ||
| TOXIC ADENOMA | 361 | ||
| IODIDE-INDUCED HYPERTHYROIDISM | 362 | ||
| HYPERTHYROIDISM DUE TO THYROTROPIN SECRETION | 363 | ||
| CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN– INDUCED HYPERTHYROIDISM | 364 | ||
| TRANSIENT THYROTOXICOSIS | 364 | ||
| OTHER CAUSES OF THYROTOXICOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH A LOW RADIOIODINE UPTAKE | 367 | ||
| SUBCLINICAL (MILD) HYPERTHYROIDISM | 368 | ||
| CHAPTER 12. HYPOTHYROIDISM AND THYROIDITIS | 377 | ||
| HYPOTHYROIDISM | 377 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 378 | ||
| CURRENT CLINICAL PICTURE | 384 | ||
| LABORATORY EVALUATION | 385 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 387 | ||
| TREATMENT | 397 | ||
| SPECIAL ASPECTS OF HYPOTHYROIDISM | 400 | ||
| HEART DISEASE AND THYROID HORMONE THERAPY | 401 | ||
| SCREENING FOR PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM | 402 | ||
| MYXEDEMA COMA | 402 | ||
| THYROIDITIS | 403 | ||
| ACUTE INFECTIOUS THYROIDITIS | 403 | ||
| RIEDEL’S THYROIDITIS | 404 | ||
| MISCELLANEOUS CAUSES | 405 | ||
| CHAPTER 13. NONTOXIC DIFFUSE AND NODULAR GOITER AND THYROID NEOPLASIA | 411 | ||
| EVALUATION OF STRUCTURAL ABNORMALITIES BY IMAGING TECHNIQUES | 411 | ||
| NONTOXIC GOITER: DIFFUSE AND NODULAR | 414 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF MALIGNANT NODULAR GOITER | 420 | ||
| SURGICAL TREATMENT OF THYROID CARCINOMA | 431 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT | 432 | ||
| FOLLOW-UP | 433 | ||
| CHAPTER 14. THE ADRENAL CORTEX | 445 | ||
| THE ADRENAL CORTEX— HISTORICAL MILESTONES | 445 | ||
| ANATOMY | 445 | ||
| ADRENAL STEROIDS AND STEROIDOGENESIS | 446 | ||
| CORTICOSTEROID HORMONE ACTION | 453 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CUSHING’S SYNDROME | 464 | ||
| GLUCOCORTICOID DEFICIENCY | 477 | ||
| CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA | 485 | ||
| ADRENAL ADENOMAS, INCIDENTALOMAS, AND CARCINOMAS | 494 | ||
| CHAPTER 15. ENDOCRINE HYPERTENSION | 505 | ||
| ADRENAL MEDULLA AND CATECHOLAMINES | 505 | ||
| PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA AND PARAGANGLIOMA | 507 | ||
| RENIN-ANGIOTENSINALDOSTERONE SYSTEM | 522 | ||
| PRIMARY ALDOSTERONISM | 523 | ||
| OTHER ENDOCRINE DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION | 531 | ||
| CHAPTER 16. THE PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE AXIS | 541 | ||
| REPRODUCTIVE PHYSIOLOGY | 541 | ||
| REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS | 543 | ||
| REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY | 545 | ||
| OVARY | 546 | ||
| ENDOMETRIUM | 563 | ||
| APPROACH TO THE WOMAN WITH REPRODUCTIVE DYSFUNCTION | 567 | ||
| DISORDERS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM | 569 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ANOVULATORY UTERINE BLEEDING | 590 | ||
| HORMONE-DEPENDENT BENIGN GYNECOLOGIC DISORDERS | 595 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF THE MENOPAUSE | 596 | ||
| POSTMENOPAUSAL HORMONE REPLACEMENT | 599 | ||
| CHAPTER 17. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION | 615 | ||
| ORAL CONTRACEPTION | 615 | ||
| VAGINAL AND TRANSDERMAL STEROID CONTRACEPTION | 626 | ||
| INJECTABLE CONTRACEPTION | 628 | ||
| IMPLANT CONTRACEPTION | 631 | ||
| CHAPTER 18. TESTICULAR DISORDERS | 645 | ||
| PHYSIOLOGIC REGULATION OF TESTICULAR FUNCTION: SEX-STEROID PRODUCTION AND ACTION | 645 | ||
| TESTICULAR DISORDERS | 652 | ||
| INFERTILITY AND SUBFERTILITY IN MEN | 673 | ||
| TESTICULAR NEOPLASMS | 679 | ||
| ILLICIT USE OF ANDROGENS BY ATHLETES AND RECREATIONAL BODY BUILDERS | 680 | ||
| CHAPTER 19. SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION IN MEN AND WOMEN | 701 | ||
| SEXUAL DISORDERS IN MEN | 701 | ||
| WOMEN’S SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION | 717 | ||
| CHAPTER 20. ENDOCRINE CHANGES IN PREGNANCY | 741 | ||
| Placental Development | 741 | ||
| Maternal Adaptations to Pregnancy | 742 | ||
| Placental Hormone Production | 745 | ||
| CHAPTER 21. ENDOCRINOLOGY OF FETAL DEVELOPMENT | 755 | ||
| PLACENTAL HORMONE TRANSFER | 755 | ||
| ECTOPIC FETAL HORMONE PRODUCTION | 756 | ||
| FETAL ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS | 756 | ||
| NEUTRALIZATION OF HORMONE ACTIONS IN THE FETUS | 769 | ||
| FETAL GROWTH | 770 | ||
| TRANSITION TO EXTRAUTERINE LIFE | 773 | ||
| PROGRAMMING OF DEVELOPING ENDOCRINE SYSTEMS | 775 | ||
| MATERNAL AND FETAL MEDICINE | 776 | ||
| CHAPTER 22. DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT | 783 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 783 | ||
| DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS | 783 | ||
| DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT | 800 | ||
| INVESTIGATION AND MANAGEMENT OF DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT | 836 | ||
| CHAPTER 23. NORMAL AND ABERRANT GROWTH | 849 | ||
| NORMAL GROWTH | 849 | ||
| ENDOCRINE REGULATION OF GROWTH | 857 | ||
| GROWTH RETARDATION | 880 | ||
| TREATMENT OF GROWTH DISORDERS | 913 | ||
| EXCESS GROWTH AND TALL STATURE | 929 | ||
| CHAPTER 24. PUBERTY: ONTOGENY, NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DISORDERS | 969 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 969 | ||
| PHYSICAL CHANGES OF PUBERTY | 975 | ||
| CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ANATOMY, FUNCTION, AND EEG RHYTHM | 998 | ||
| HORMONAL AND METABOLIC CHANGES IN PUBERTY | 1001 | ||
| CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AND PUBERTY | 1009 | ||
| ADRENAL ANDROGENS AND ADRENARCHE | 1031 | ||
| DISORDERS OF PUBERTY | 1033 | ||
| HYPERGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM: SEXUAL INFANTILISM CAUSED BY PRIMARY GONADAL DISORDERS | 1051 | ||
| SEXUAL PRECOCITY | 1067 | ||
| VARIATIONS OF PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT | 1104 | ||
| CHAPTER 25. HORMONES AND ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE | 1167 | ||
| EFFECT OF ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE ON HORMONAL SYSTEMS | 1167 | ||
| PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING (AB)USE OF HORMONES | 1175 | ||
| CHAPTER 26. ENDOCRINOLOGY AND AGING | 1185 | ||
| THE ENDOCRINOLOGY OF AGING | 1185 | ||
| CHAPTER 27. HORMONES AND DISORDERS OF MINERAL METABOLISM | 1203 | ||
| BASIC BIOLOGY OF MINERAL METABOLISM | 1203 | ||
| CLINICAL DISORDERS | 1224 | ||
| CHAPTER 28. METABOLIC BONE DISEASE | 1269 | ||
| STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE SKELETON | 1269 | ||
| BONE REMODELING AND ITS REGULATION | 1275 | ||
| CLINICAL EVALUATION OF METABOLIC BONE DISEASE | 1279 | ||
| OSTEOPOROSIS | 1282 | ||
| RICKETS AND OSTEOMALACIA | 1290 | ||
| HYPERPARATHYROID BONE DISEASE | 1293 | ||
| PAGET’S DISEASE | 1294 | ||
| OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA | 1296 | ||
| OSTEOPETROSIS | 1298 | ||
| OTHER SCLEROSING BONE DISORDERS | 1299 | ||
| FIBROUS DYSPLASIA | 1299 | ||
| EXTRASKELETAL CALCIFICATION AND OSSIFICATION | 1300 | ||
| CHAPTER 29. KIDNEY STONES | 1311 | ||
| Stone Formation | 1311 | ||
| Pathogenesis of Stone Formation | 1311 | ||
| Presentation and Evaluation | 1315 | ||
| Therapy | 1319 | ||
| CHAPTER 30. TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS | 1329 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY AND DIAGNOSIS | 1329 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 1331 | ||
| MEASURES TO IMPROVE INSULIN SENSITIVITY | 1342 | ||
| MECHANISMS THAT LINK CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND INSULIN RESISTANCE | 1343 | ||
| INSULIN SECRETION AND TYPE 2 DIABETES | 1347 | ||
| RODENT MODELS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES | 1355 | ||
| MANAGEMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES | 1358 | ||
| CHAPTER 31. TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS | 1391 | ||
| Differential Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes | 1391 | ||
| Animal Models of Type 1A Diabetes | 1392 | ||
| Histopathology of Type 1A Diabetes | 1393 | ||
| Genetics of Type 1A Diabetes | 1393 | ||
| Environmental Factors | 1397 | ||
| Natural History of Type 1A Diabetes | 1398 | ||
| Immunotherapy of Type 1A Diabetes | 1400 | ||
| Immunology of Pancreatic Islet Transplantation | 1401 | ||
| Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome | 1401 | ||
| Anti-Insulin Receptor Autoantibodies | 1401 | ||
| Clinical Presentation | 1401 | ||
| Laboratory Findings | 1402 | ||
| Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes | 1402 | ||
| Acute Diabetic Emergencies: Diabetic Ketoacidosis | 1407 | ||
| CHAPTER 32. COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS | 1417 | ||
| BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY | 1417 | ||
| RETINOPATHY, MACULAR EDEMA, AND OTHER OCULAR COMPLICATIONS* | 1432 | ||
| DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY | 1443 | ||
| DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES | 1450 | ||
| CORONARY HEART DISEASE | 1471 | ||
| THE DIABETIC FOOT | 1478 | ||
| CHAPTER 33. GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS AND HYPOGLYCEMIA | 1503 | ||
| Physiology of Systemic Glucose Regulation | 1503 | ||
| Pathophysiology of Hypoglycemia | 1509 | ||
| Hypoglycemia in Diabetes Mellitus | 1511 | ||
| Hypoglycemic Disorders | 1518 | ||
| Treatment of Postabsorptive Hypoglycemia | 1527 | ||
| Approach to the Patient with Hypoglycemia | 1528 | ||
| CHAPTER 34. NEUROENDOCRINE CONTROL OF ENERGY STORES | 1537 | ||
| INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE | 1537 | ||
| FEEDING AND SATIETY CIRCUITS | 1538 | ||
| CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROL OF THERMOGENESIS | 1542 | ||
| HORMONAL REGULATORS OF THE BRAIN-GUT-ADIPOSE AXIS | 1543 | ||
| GLUCOCORTICOIDS AND GONADAL STEROIDS | 1548 | ||
| CYTOKINES AND ENERGY BALANCE | 1548 | ||
| INTERSECTION OF ENERGY BALANCE AND REWARD CIRCUITS | 1551 | ||
| NEUROENDOCRINE DISORDERS OF ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS | 1552 | ||
| CHAPTER 35. OBESITY | 1563 | ||
| De. nition of Obesity | 1563 | ||
| Physiology of Energy Homeostasis | 1564 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 1565 | ||
| Energy Metabolism | 1567 | ||
| Adipose Tissue and Triglyceride Metabolism | 1567 | ||
| Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ | 1568 | ||
| Adipocyte Biology | 1569 | ||
| Prevalence of Obesity | 1570 | ||
| Clinical Features and Complications of Obesity | 1570 | ||
| Bene. ts of Intentional Weight Loss | 1573 | ||
| Obesity Therapy | 1574 | ||
| Treatment Guidelines | 1580 | ||
| CHAPTER 36. DISORDERS OF LIPID METABOLISM | 1589 | ||
| Lipid Biochemistry and Cholesterol Metabolism | 1589 | ||
| Plasma Lipoproteins. Apolipoproteins, Receptors, and Enzymes | 1593 | ||
| Plasma Lipoproteins. Structure, Function, and Metabolism | 1604 | ||
| Lipids and Atherosclerosis | 1610 | ||
| Hyperlipidemia and Dyslipidemia. De. nitions and Overview | 1614 | ||
| Primary Disorders of Hyperlipidemia | 1614 | ||
| Primary Disorders of High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism | 1625 | ||
| Primary Genetic Hypolipidemias | 1627 | ||
| Other Rare Primary Lipid Disorders | 1629 | ||
| Secondary Disorders of Lipid Metabolism | 1629 | ||
| Treatment of Lipid Disorders | 1631 | ||
| CHAPTER 37. ENDOCRINOLOGY OF HIV AND AIDS | 1655 | ||
| Adrenal Function | 1655 | ||
| Gonadal Function | 1657 | ||
| Thyroid Function | 1660 | ||
| Fluid Balance and Electrolytes | 1661 | ||
| Bone | 1661 | ||
| Growth Hormone | 1662 | ||
| Glucose Homeostasis and Pancreatic Function | 1664 | ||
| AIDS Wasting Syndrome | 1664 | ||
| HIV Lipodystrophy Syndrome | 1665 | ||
| CHAPTER 38. GASTROINTESTINAL HORMONES AND GUT ENDOCRINE TUMORS | 1675 | ||
| Endocrine Cell Development in the Pancreas | 1675 | ||
| Endocrine Cell Development in the Intestine | 1676 | ||
| Pancreatic and Gut Hormones | 1677 | ||
| Pancreatic and Gut Endocrine Tumors | 1684 | ||
| Summary | 1691 | ||
| CHAPTER 39. PATHOGENESIS OF ENDOCRINE TUMORS | 1697 | ||
| Molecular Tumor Biology | 1697 | ||
| Genetic Alterations in Endocrine Tumors: Examples | 1701 | ||
| CHAPTER 40. MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA | 1705 | ||
| Overview of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes | 1705 | ||
| Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 | 1706 | ||
| Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 | 1719 | ||
| Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia of Mixed Type | 1733 | ||
| CHAPTER 41. THE IMMUNOENDOCRINOPATHY SYNDROMES | 1747 | ||
| Autoimmunity Primer | 1748 | ||
| Natural History of Autoimmune Disorders | 1749 | ||
| Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type I | 1751 | ||
| Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndrome Type II | 1754 | ||
| Other Polyendocrine De. ciency Autoimmune Syndromes | 1755 | ||
| Conclusion | 1758 | ||
| CHAPTER 42. ENDOCRINE-RESPONSIVE CANCER | 1763 | ||
| BREAST CANCER | 1763 | ||
| ENDOMETRIAL CANCER | 1783 | ||
| PROSTATE CANCER | 1785 | ||
| CHAPTER 43. HUMORAL MANIFESTATIONS OF MALIGNANCY | 1803 | ||
| Inappropriate Hormone Secretion in Malignancy | 1803 | ||
| Malignancy-Associated Hypercalcemia | 1807 | ||
| Syndrome of Inappropriate Vasopressin Secretion | 1809 | ||
| Ectopic Corticotropin Syndrome and Ectopic Secretion of Corticotropin- Releasing Hormone | 1812 | ||
| Ectopic Secretion of Corticotropin- Releasing Hormone | 1814 | ||
| Hypoglycemia with Nonislet Cell Tumors | 1814 | ||
| Syndromes Caused By Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone, Growth Hormone, and Human Placental Lactogen | 1815 | ||
| Oncogenic Osteomalacia | 1816 | ||
| Syndromes Caused By Other Hormones | 1816 | ||
| CHAPTER 44. CARCINOID TUMORS, THE CARCINOID SYNDROME, AND RELATED DISORDERS | 1821 | ||
| Phylogenesis and Embryology | 1821 | ||
| Molecular Genetics | 1822 | ||
| Classi. cation | 1822 | ||
| Biochemistry | 1823 | ||
| Diagnosis | 1829 | ||
| Treatment | 1831 | ||
| Prognosis | 1834 | ||
| Other Flushing Disorders | 1834 | ||
| INDEX | 1841 |