BOOK
Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice - E-Book
Linda Lane Lilley | Shelly Rainforth Collins | Julie S. Snyder | Beth Swart
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Let this outstanding, reader-friendly pharmacology text help guide you through the detailed world of nursing pharmacology. Now in its third edition, Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice covers all the key pharmacology content needed by today’s nursing students. Known for its appealing layout, wealth of photos, and helpful boxed features, this engaging text brings important pharmacology concepts to life. The text’s popular key drug approach focuses only on the drug information you need to know. Along with its exam preparation and insightful learning strategies, this is your complete pharmacology text!
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | cover | ||
| Inside Front Cover | ifc1 | ||
| Flashcards | IFC3 | ||
| Half title page | i | ||
| Evolve ad | ii | ||
| Pharmacology for Canadian Health Care Practice | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| About the Authors | v | ||
| Reviewers | vii | ||
| Preface | ix | ||
| Introduction | ix | ||
| Market Research | ix | ||
| Organization | ix | ||
| New to This Edition | x | ||
| Additional Teaching and Learning Features | xi | ||
| Colour | xi | ||
| Supplemental Resources | xi | ||
| Study Guide | xi | ||
| Evolve Web Site | xi | ||
| For Students | xi | ||
| For Instructors | xii | ||
| Elsevier eBooks | xii | ||
| Icons at a Glance | xii | ||
| We Welcome Your Feedback | xii | ||
| Acknowledgements | xiii | ||
| Table Of Contents | xv | ||
| One Pharmacology Basics | 1 | ||
| Introduction to Study Skills Concepts | 1 | ||
| Underlining and Highlighting Text | 1 | ||
| Purr | 2 | ||
| Prepare | 2 | ||
| On-the-Run Action. | 3 | ||
| Understand | 3 | ||
| Rehearse | 3 | ||
| How to Rehearse. | 3 | ||
| When to Rehearse. | 4 | ||
| Review | 4 | ||
| How to Review. | 4 | ||
| Frequency of Review. | 5 | ||
| Technique for Rehearsal and Review. | 5 | ||
| Pharmacology Basics | 5 | ||
| Prepare | 5 | ||
| Chapter 1 Objectives | 5 | ||
| Vocabulary Development | 6 | ||
| 1 Nursing Practice in Canada and Drug Therapy | 7 | ||
| Objectives | 7 | ||
| Key Terms | 7 | ||
| Overview | 8 | ||
| Assessment | 8 | ||
| Analysis of Data | 11 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 11 | ||
| Planning | 13 | ||
| Goals and Expected Patient Outcome Criteria | 13 | ||
| Implementation | 13 | ||
| Right Drug | 14 | ||
| Right Dose | 16 | ||
| Right Time | 16 | ||
| Right Route | 17 | ||
| Right Patient | 17 | ||
| Right Reason | 18 | ||
| Right Documentation | 18 | ||
| Medication Errors | 18 | ||
| Evaluation | 19 | ||
| Key Points | 19 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 20 | ||
| Answers: | 20 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 20 | ||
| 2 Pharmacological Principles | 21 | ||
| Objectives | 21 | ||
| Key Terms | 21 | ||
| Overview | 23 | ||
| Pharmaceutics | 25 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 26 | ||
| Absorption | 26 | ||
| Route | 27 | ||
| Enteral Route. | 27 | ||
| Sublingual and Buccal Routes. | 28 | ||
| Parenteral Route. | 32 | ||
| Subcutaneous, Intradermal, and Intramuscular Routes. | 32 | ||
| Topical Route. | 32 | ||
| Transdermal Route. | 33 | ||
| Inhalation Route. | 33 | ||
| Distribution | 33 | ||
| Metabolism | 34 | ||
| Excretion | 35 | ||
| Half-Life | 36 | ||
| Onset, Peak, and Duration | 37 | ||
| Pharmacodynamics | 38 | ||
| Mechanism of Action | 38 | ||
| Receptor Interactions | 38 | ||
| Enzyme Interactions | 38 | ||
| Nonselective Interactions | 39 | ||
| Pharmacotherapeutics | 39 | ||
| Types of Therapy | 39 | ||
| Acute Therapy | 39 | ||
| Maintenance Therapy | 39 | ||
| Supplemental Therapy | 39 | ||
| Palliative Therapy | 39 | ||
| Supportive Therapy | 39 | ||
| Prophylactic Therapy and Empirical Therapy | 39 | ||
| Monitoring | 40 | ||
| Therapeutic Index | 40 | ||
| Drug Concentration | 40 | ||
| Patient’s Condition | 40 | ||
| Tolerance and Dependence | 40 | ||
| Interactions | 40 | ||
| Adverse Drug Events | 41 | ||
| Other Drug Effects | 43 | ||
| Pharmacognosy | 43 | ||
| Pharmacoeconomics | 44 | ||
| Toxicology | 44 | ||
| Evidence-Informed Practice | 44 | ||
| Summary | 44 | ||
| Key Points | 45 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 45 | ||
| Answers: | 45 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 46 | ||
| 3 Legal and Ethical Considerations | 47 | ||
| Objectives | 47 | ||
| Key Terms | 47 | ||
| Legal Considerations | 48 | ||
| Canadian Drug and Related Legislation | 49 | ||
| Canadian Food and Drugs Act | 49 | ||
| Controlled Drugs and Substances Act | 50 | ||
| New Drug Development | 51 | ||
| Health Canada Drug Approval Process | 51 | ||
| Preclinical Investigational Drug Studies | 52 | ||
| Four Clinical Phases of Investigational Drug Studies | 52 | ||
| Phase I | 52 | ||
| Phase II | 52 | ||
| Phase III | 52 | ||
| Phase IV | 53 | ||
| Special Access Programme | 53 | ||
| Patient Access to and Costs of Prescription Drugs | 53 | ||
| Drug Advertising | 54 | ||
| Legal Nursing Considerations and Drug Therapy | 54 | ||
| Ethical Considerations | 55 | ||
| Ethical Nursing Considerations and Drug Therapy | 55 | ||
| Key Points | 57 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 58 | ||
| Answers: | 58 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 58 | ||
| 4 Patient-Focused Considerations | 59 | ||
| Objectives | 59 | ||
| Key Terms | 59 | ||
| Overview | 60 | ||
| Drug Therapy during Pregnancy | 60 | ||
| Drug Therapy during Breastfeeding | 61 | ||
| Considerations for Children: Neonatal and Pediatric Patients | 61 | ||
| Physiology and Pharmacokinetics | 62 | ||
| Pharmacodynamics | 62 | ||
| Dosage Calculations for Pediatric Patients | 63 | ||
| Considerations for Older Adult Patients | 63 | ||
| Issues in Clinical Drug Use in Older Adults | 65 | ||
| Physiological Changes | 66 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 67 | ||
| Absorption | 67 | ||
| Distribution | 68 | ||
| Metabolism | 68 | ||
| Excretion | 68 | ||
| Problematic Medications for Older Adults | 68 | ||
| Ethnocultural Considerations | 69 | ||
| Ethnocultural Influences and Genetics on Drug Response | 71 | ||
| Ethnocultural Nursing Considerations and Drug Therapy | 73 | ||
| Nursing Process | 73 | ||
| Assessment | 73 | ||
| Pediatric Considerations | 73 | ||
| Older Adult Considerations | 74 | ||
| Ethnocultural Considerations | 75 | ||
| Maintaining Health | 75 | ||
| Protecting Health | 75 | ||
| Restoring Health | 75 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses: Age-Related | 75 | ||
| Planning | 75 | ||
| Goals | 75 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 76 | ||
| Implementation | 76 | ||
| Evaluation | 77 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses: Ethnocultural | 77 | ||
| Planning | 78 | ||
| Goals | 78 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 78 | ||
| Implementation | 78 | ||
| Evaluation | 78 | ||
| Key Points | 79 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 79 | ||
| Answers: | 80 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 80 | ||
| 5 Gene Therapy and Pharmacogenomics | 81 | ||
| Objectives | 81 | ||
| Key Terms | 81 | ||
| Overview | 82 | ||
| Basic Principles of Genetic Inheritance | 82 | ||
| Discovery, Structure, and Function of DNA | 83 | ||
| Protein Synthesis | 84 | ||
| Human Genome Project | 84 | ||
| Gene Therapy | 84 | ||
| Background | 84 | ||
| Description | 85 | ||
| Limitations | 85 | ||
| Current Application | 85 | ||
| Regulatory and Ethical Issues of Gene Therapy | 85 | ||
| Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics | 86 | ||
| DNA Microarray Technology | 86 | ||
| Application of Genetic Principles Related to Drug Therapy and the Nursing Process | 86 | ||
| Summary | 88 | ||
| Key Points | 89 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 89 | ||
| Answers: | 89 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 89 | ||
| 6 Medication Errors | 90 | ||
| Objectives | 90 | ||
| Key Terms | 90 | ||
| General Impact of Errors on Patients | 91 | ||
| Medication Errors | 91 | ||
| Issues Contributing to Errors | 92 | ||
| Organizational Issues | 92 | ||
| Educational System Issues and Their Potential Impact on Medication Errors | 94 | ||
| Medication Errors and Related Sociological Factors | 94 | ||
| Preventing, Responding to, Reporting, and Documenting Medication Errors: A Nursing Perspective | 95 | ||
| Preventing Medication Errors | 95 | ||
| Responding to, Reporting, and Documenting Medication Errors | 97 | ||
| Performing Medication Reconciliation | 99 | ||
| Other Ethical Issues | 101 | ||
| Notification of Patients Regarding Errors | 101 | ||
| Possible Consequences of Medication Errors for Nurses | 101 | ||
| Summary | 102 | ||
| Key Points | 103 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 103 | ||
| Answers: | 103 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 104 | ||
| 7 Patient Education and Drug Therapy | 105 | ||
| Objectives | 105 | ||
| Key Terms | 105 | ||
| Overview | 105 | ||
| Assessment of Learning Needs Related to Drug Therapy | 106 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses Related to Learning Needs and Drug Therapy | 109 | ||
| Planning Related to Learning Needs and Drug Therapy | 109 | ||
| Implementation Related to Drug Therapy | 109 | ||
| Evaluation of Patient Learning Related to Drug Therapy | 112 | ||
| Summary | 113 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 114 | ||
| Key Points | 114 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 115 | ||
| Answers: | 115 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 115 | ||
| 8 Over-the-Counter Drugs and Natural Health Products | 116 | ||
| Objectives | 116 | ||
| Key Terms | 116 | ||
| Over-the-Counter Drugs | 117 | ||
| Natural Health Products | 120 | ||
| History | 120 | ||
| Consumer Use of Natural Health Products | 122 | ||
| Safety | 122 | ||
| Level of Use | 123 | ||
| Medical Use of Marihuana | 123 | ||
| Nursing Process | 124 | ||
| Assessment | 124 | ||
| Over-the-Counter Drugs | 124 | ||
| Natural Health Products | 125 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 125 | ||
| Planning | 125 | ||
| Goals | 125 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 126 | ||
| Implementation | 126 | ||
| Evaluation | 126 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 127 | ||
| Key Points | 128 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 128 | ||
| Answers: | 128 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 129 | ||
| 9 Vitamins and Minerals | 130 | ||
| Objectives | 130 | ||
| Key Terms | 130 | ||
| Overview | 131 | ||
| Vitamins | 131 | ||
| Fat-Soluble Vitamins | 133 | ||
| Vitamin A | 133 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 133 | ||
| Indications | 134 | ||
| Contraindications | 134 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 134 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 134 | ||
| Interactions | 134 | ||
| Dosages | 134 | ||
| Vitamin D | 136 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 136 | ||
| Indications | 136 | ||
| Contraindications | 136 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 136 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 136 | ||
| Interactions | 137 | ||
| Dosages | 137 | ||
| Vitamin E | 137 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 137 | ||
| Indications | 137 | ||
| Contraindications | 138 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 138 | ||
| Dosages | 138 | ||
| Vitamin K | 138 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 138 | ||
| Indications | 138 | ||
| Contraindications | 139 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 139 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 139 | ||
| Dosages | 139 | ||
| Water-Soluble Vitamins | 139 | ||
| Vitamin B1 | 140 | ||
| Two Drugs Affecting the Central Nervous System | 189 | ||
| Vocabulary | 189 | ||
| Text Notation | 189 | ||
| Language Conventions | 191 | ||
| 11 Analgesic Drugs | 192 | ||
| Objectives | 192 | ||
| Key Terms | 193 | ||
| Overview | 194 | ||
| Treatment of Pain in Special Situations | 200 | ||
| Opioid Drugs | 201 | ||
| Chemical Structure | 203 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 203 | ||
| Indications | 203 | ||
| Contraindications | 204 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 205 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 206 | ||
| Interactions | 207 | ||
| Laboratory Test Interactions | 207 | ||
| Dosages | 207 | ||
| Nonopioid and Miscellaneous Analgesics | 207 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 207 | ||
| Indications | 211 | ||
| Contraindications | 211 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 211 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 211 | ||
| Interactions | 214 | ||
| Nursing Process | 215 | ||
| Assessment | 215 | ||
| Nonopioids | 216 | ||
| Opioids | 216 | ||
| Opioid Agonist–Antagonists | 217 | ||
| Opioid Antagonists | 217 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 218 | ||
| Planning | 218 | ||
| Goals | 218 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 219 | ||
| Implementation | 219 | ||
| Nonopioids | 219 | ||
| Opioids | 220 | ||
| Opioid Agonist–Antagonists | 222 | ||
| Opioid Antagonists | 222 | ||
| General Considerations | 222 | ||
| Evaluation | 224 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 225 | ||
| Key Points | 225 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 226 | ||
| Answers: | 226 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 226 | ||
| 12 General and Local Anaesthetics | 227 | ||
| Objectives | 227 | ||
| Key Terms | 227 | ||
| Overview | 228 | ||
| General Anaesthetics | 228 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 230 | ||
| Indications | 230 | ||
| Contraindications | 230 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 230 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 231 | ||
| Interactions | 231 | ||
| Dosages | 231 | ||
| Drugs for Procedural Sedation | 231 | ||
| Local Anaesthetics | 232 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 235 | ||
| Indications | 236 | ||
| Contraindications | 236 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 236 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 236 | ||
| Interactions | 236 | ||
| Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs | 236 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drugs Effects | 237 | ||
| Indications | 238 | ||
| Contraindications | 238 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 238 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 239 | ||
| Interactions | 239 | ||
| Dosages | 239 | ||
| Pharmacokinetic Bridge to Nursing Practice | 239 | ||
| Nursing Process | 240 | ||
| Assessment | 240 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 243 | ||
| Planning | 243 | ||
| Goals | 243 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 244 | ||
| Implementation | 244 | ||
| Evaluation | 247 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 247 | ||
| Key Points | 247 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 248 | ||
| Answers: | 248 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 249 | ||
| 13 Central Nervous System Depressants and Muscle Relaxants | 250 | ||
| Objectives | 250 | ||
| Key Terms | 250 | ||
| Overview | 251 | ||
| Physiology of Sleep | 251 | ||
| Benzodiazepines and Miscellaneous Hypnotic Drugs | 252 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 253 | ||
| Indications | 253 | ||
| Contraindications | 253 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 253 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 253 | ||
| Interactions | 254 | ||
| Dosages | 254 | ||
| Barbiturates | 256 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 256 | ||
| Indications | 256 | ||
| Contraindications | 256 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 256 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 256 | ||
| Interactions | 257 | ||
| Dosages | 257 | ||
| Muscle Relaxants | 257 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 258 | ||
| Indications | 258 | ||
| Contraindications | 258 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 258 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 258 | ||
| Interactions | 259 | ||
| Dosages | 259 | ||
| Nursing Process | 260 | ||
| Assessment | 260 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 261 | ||
| Planning | 261 | ||
| Goals | 261 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 261 | ||
| Implementation | 262 | ||
| Evaluation | 263 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 264 | ||
| Key Points | 264 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 265 | ||
| Answers: | 265 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 265 | ||
| 14 Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs | 266 | ||
| Objectives | 266 | ||
| Key Terms | 266 | ||
| Overview | 267 | ||
| Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder | 268 | ||
| Narcolepsy | 268 | ||
| Obesity | 268 | ||
| Migraine | 269 | ||
| Analeptic-Responsive Respiratory Depression Syndromes | 269 | ||
| Drugs for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Narcolepsy | 270 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 270 | ||
| Three Drugs Affecting the Autonomic Nervous System | 375 | ||
| Purr Application | 375 | ||
| Planning for the Part | 375 | ||
| Part Title | 375 | ||
| Part Chapters | 376 | ||
| Active Questioning | 376 | ||
| Study Groups | 376 | ||
| 19 Adrenergic Drugs | 378 | ||
| Objectives | 378 | ||
| Key Terms | 378 | ||
| Overview | 379 | ||
| Sympathetic Nervous System | 379 | ||
| Adrenergic Drugs | 380 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 382 | ||
| Indications | 383 | ||
| Respiratory Indications | 383 | ||
| Indications for Topical Nasal Decongestants | 383 | ||
| Ophthalmic Indications | 383 | ||
| Cardiovascular Indications | 383 | ||
| Contraindications | 383 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 383 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 384 | ||
| Interactions | 384 | ||
| Laboratory Test Interactions | 384 | ||
| Dosages | 384 | ||
| Nursing Process | 387 | ||
| Assessment | 387 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 387 | ||
| Planning | 388 | ||
| Goals | 388 | ||
| Outcome Criteria | 388 | ||
| Implementation | 389 | ||
| Evaluation | 390 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 391 | ||
| Key Points | 391 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 391 | ||
| Answers: | 392 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 392 | ||
| 20 Adrenergic-Blocking Drugs | 393 | ||
| Objectives | 393 | ||
| Key Terms | 393 | ||
| Overview | 394 | ||
| α-Blockers | 394 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 394 | ||
| Contraindications | 395 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 395 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 395 | ||
| Interactions | 395 | ||
| Dosages | 396 | ||
| β-Blockers | 396 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 396 | ||
| Indications | 398 | ||
| Contraindications | 398 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 398 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 399 | ||
| Interactions | 399 | ||
| Dosages | 399 | ||
| Nursing Process | 401 | ||
| Assessment | 401 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 402 | ||
| Planning | 402 | ||
| Goals | 402 | ||
| Outcome Criteria | 402 | ||
| Implementation | 402 | ||
| Evaluation | 403 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 404 | ||
| Key Points | 404 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 405 | ||
| Answers: | 405 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 405 | ||
| 21 Cholinergic Drugs | 406 | ||
| Objectives | 406 | ||
| Key Terms | 406 | ||
| Overview | 407 | ||
| Parasympathetic Nervous System | 407 | ||
| Cholinergic Drugs | 407 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 408 | ||
| Indications | 408 | ||
| Direct-Acting Drugs | 408 | ||
| Indirect-Acting Drugs | 409 | ||
| Contraindications | 409 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 409 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 410 | ||
| Interactions | 410 | ||
| Dosages | 410 | ||
| Nursing Process | 412 | ||
| Assessment | 412 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 412 | ||
| Planning | 412 | ||
| Goals | 412 | ||
| Outcome Criteria | 413 | ||
| Implementation | 413 | ||
| Evaluation | 414 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 416 | ||
| Key Points | 416 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 416 | ||
| Answers: | 417 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 417 | ||
| 22 Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs | 418 | ||
| Objectives | 418 | ||
| Key Terms | 418 | ||
| Overview | 419 | ||
| Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs | 419 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 419 | ||
| Indications | 420 | ||
| Contraindications | 420 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 421 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 421 | ||
| Interactions | 422 | ||
| Dosages | 422 | ||
| Nursing Process | 425 | ||
| Assessment | 425 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 425 | ||
| Planning | 425 | ||
| Goals | 425 | ||
| Outcome Criteria | 426 | ||
| Implementation | 426 | ||
| Evaluation | 427 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 427 | ||
| Key Points | 428 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 428 | ||
| Answers: | 429 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 429 | ||
| Four Drugs Affecting the Cardiovascular and Renal Systems | 431 | ||
| Linking Learning | 431 | ||
| Chapter Structure | 431 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 431 | ||
| Example Based on Chapter 25 Objectives | 431 | ||
| Chapter Headings | 431 | ||
| Key Terms | 432 | ||
| Key Terms and Text Relationship | 432 | ||
| Text Notation | 432 | ||
| Text Notation Application | 432 | ||
| Chapter 30, 1st Paragraphs Under “Overview” and “Physiology of Fluid Balance” | 433 | ||
| Discussion. | 433 | ||
| Chapter 30, Paragraph Two of “Physiology of Fluid Balance” | 433 | ||
| Discussion. | 434 | ||
| 23 Antihypertensive Drugs | 435 | ||
| Objectives | 435 | ||
| Key Terms | 435 | ||
| Overview | 436 | ||
| Antihypertensive Drugs | 438 | ||
| Review of Autonomic Neurotransmission | 438 | ||
| Diuretics | 439 | ||
| Adrenergic Drugs | 439 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 439 | ||
| Indications | 440 | ||
| Contraindications | 440 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 441 | ||
| Interactions | 443 | ||
| Dosages | 443 | ||
| Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors | 443 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 445 | ||
| Indications | 445 | ||
| Contraindications | 445 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 446 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 446 | ||
| Interactions | 446 | ||
| Dosages | 446 | ||
| Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers | 446 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 447 | ||
| Indications | 447 | ||
| Contraindications | 447 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 447 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 448 | ||
| Interactions | 448 | ||
| Dosages | 448 | ||
| Calcium Channel Blockers | 448 | ||
| Vasodilators | 448 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 449 | ||
| Indications | 449 | ||
| Contraindications | 449 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 449 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 449 | ||
| Interactions | 449 | ||
| Dosages | 449 | ||
| Nursing Process | 449 | ||
| Assessment | 452 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 453 | ||
| Planning | 453 | ||
| Goals | 453 | ||
| Outcome Criteria | 453 | ||
| Implementation | 454 | ||
| Evaluation | 456 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 457 | ||
| Key Points | 458 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 458 | ||
| Answers: | 459 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 459 | ||
| 24 Antianginal Drugs | 460 | ||
| Objectives | 460 | ||
| Key Terms | 460 | ||
| Overview | 461 | ||
| Antianginal Drugs | 462 | ||
| Nitrates | 462 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 462 | ||
| Indications | 463 | ||
| Contraindications | 463 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 463 | ||
| Interactions | 463 | ||
| Dosages | 463 | ||
| β-Blockers | 463 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 465 | ||
| Indications | 465 | ||
| Contraindications | 465 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 465 | ||
| Interactions | 466 | ||
| Dosages | 466 | ||
| Calcium Channel Blockers | 466 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 466 | ||
| Indications | 467 | ||
| Contraindications | 467 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 467 | ||
| Interactions | 467 | ||
| Dosages | 468 | ||
| Summary of Antianginal Pharmacology | 468 | ||
| Pharmacokinetic Bridge to Nursing Practice | 469 | ||
| Nursing Process | 469 | ||
| Assessment | 469 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 470 | ||
| Planning | 470 | ||
| Goals | 470 | ||
| Outcome Criteria | 470 | ||
| Implementation | 471 | ||
| Evaluation | 472 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 473 | ||
| Key Points | 474 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 474 | ||
| Answers: | 475 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 475 | ||
| 25 Heart Failure Drugs | 476 | ||
| Objectives | 476 | ||
| Key Terms | 476 | ||
| Overview | 477 | ||
| Drug Therapy | 478 | ||
| Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors | 479 | ||
| Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers | 480 | ||
| β-Blockers | 480 | ||
| Aldosterone Antagonists | 480 | ||
| Miscellaneous Heart Failure Drugs | 480 | ||
| Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids | 481 | ||
| Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors | 481 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 481 | ||
| Indications | 481 | ||
| Contraindications | 481 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 481 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 481 | ||
| Interactions | 481 | ||
| Dosages | 481 | ||
| Cardiac Glycosides | 481 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 482 | ||
| Indications | 484 | ||
| Contraindications | 484 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 484 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 484 | ||
| Interactions | 485 | ||
| Dosages | 485 | ||
| Nursing Process | 486 | ||
| Assessment | 486 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 487 | ||
| Planning | 487 | ||
| Goals | 487 | ||
| Outcome Criteria | 488 | ||
| Implementation | 488 | ||
| Evaluation | 489 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 490 | ||
| Key Points | 490 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 491 | ||
| Answers: | 491 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 492 | ||
| 26 Antidysrhythmic Drugs | 493 | ||
| Objectives | 493 | ||
| Key Terms | 493 | ||
| Dysrhythmias and Normal Cardiac Electrophysiology | 494 | ||
| Electrocardiography | 497 | ||
| Common Dysrhythmias | 498 | ||
| Antidysrhythmic Drugs | 501 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 501 | ||
| Indications | 501 | ||
| Contraindications | 502 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 502 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 503 | ||
| Interactions | 503 | ||
| Dosages | 503 | ||
| Nursing Process | 509 | ||
| Assessment | 509 | ||
| Pharmacokinetic Bridge to Nursing Practice | 510 | ||
| Amiodarone | 510 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 510 | ||
| Planning | 512 | ||
| Goals | 512 | ||
| Outcome Criteria | 512 | ||
| Implementation | 512 | ||
| Evaluation | 512 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 513 | ||
| Key Points | 514 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 514 | ||
| Answers: | 515 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 515 | ||
| 27 Coagulation Modifier Drugs | 516 | ||
| Objectives | 516 | ||
| Key Terms | 516 | ||
| Hemostasis and Coagulation | 517 | ||
| Coagulation Modifier Drugs | 518 | ||
| Anticoagulants | 520 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 521 | ||
| Indications | 521 | ||
| Contraindications | 521 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 522 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 522 | ||
| Interactions | 523 | ||
| Dosages | 523 | ||
| Antiplatelet Drugs | 523 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 523 | ||
| Indications | 527 | ||
| Contraindications | 527 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 527 | ||
| Interactions | 529 | ||
| Dosages | 529 | ||
| Thrombolytic Drugs | 529 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 529 | ||
| Indications | 531 | ||
| Contraindications | 531 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 531 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 531 | ||
| Interactions | 531 | ||
| Dosages | 531 | ||
| Antifibrinolytic Drugs | 531 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 532 | ||
| Indications | 532 | ||
| Contraindications | 533 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 533 | ||
| Interactions | 533 | ||
| Dosages | 533 | ||
| Nursing Process | 533 | ||
| Assessment | 534 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 537 | ||
| Planning | 537 | ||
| Goals | 537 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 537 | ||
| Implementation | 537 | ||
| Evaluation | 540 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 541 | ||
| Key Points | 542 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 542 | ||
| Answers: | 543 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 543 | ||
| 28 Antilipemic Drugs | 544 | ||
| Objectives | 544 | ||
| Key Terms | 544 | ||
| Overview | 545 | ||
| Lipids and Lipid Abnormalities | 545 | ||
| Primary Forms of Lipids | 545 | ||
| Cholesterol Homeostasis | 546 | ||
| Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation | 547 | ||
| Cholesterol and Coronary Artery Disease | 547 | ||
| Dyslipidemias and Treatment Guidelines | 547 | ||
| Hydroxymethylglutaryl–Coenzyme a Reductase Inhibitors | 550 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 550 | ||
| Indications | 550 | ||
| Contraindications | 550 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 550 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 551 | ||
| Interactions | 551 | ||
| Laboratory Test Interactions | 552 | ||
| Dosages | 552 | ||
| Bile Acid Sequestrants | 552 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 552 | ||
| Indications | 553 | ||
| Contraindications | 553 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 553 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 553 | ||
| Interactions | 553 | ||
| Dosages | 553 | ||
| Nicotinic Acid | 554 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 554 | ||
| Indications | 554 | ||
| Contraindications | 554 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 554 | ||
| Interactions | 554 | ||
| Dosages | 554 | ||
| Fibric Acid Derivatives | 555 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 555 | ||
| Indications | 555 | ||
| Contraindications | 555 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 555 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 555 | ||
| Interactions | 555 | ||
| Dosage | 555 | ||
| Nursing Process | 555 | ||
| Assessment | 555 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 558 | ||
| Planning | 558 | ||
| Goals | 558 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 558 | ||
| Implementation | 558 | ||
| Evaluation | 559 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 560 | ||
| Key Points | 560 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 561 | ||
| Answers: | 561 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 561 | ||
| 29 Diuretic Drugs | 562 | ||
| Objectives | 562 | ||
| Key Terms | 562 | ||
| Overview | 563 | ||
| Diuretic Drugs | 564 | ||
| Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors | 565 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 565 | ||
| Indications | 565 | ||
| Contraindications | 565 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 565 | ||
| Interactions | 565 | ||
| Dosages | 565 | ||
| Loop Diuretics | 566 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 566 | ||
| Summary of Major Drug Effects of Loop Diuretics | 566 | ||
| Indications | 566 | ||
| Contraindications | 566 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 566 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 566 | ||
| Interactions | 566 | ||
| Dosages | 567 | ||
| Osmotic Diuretics | 567 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 567 | ||
| Indications | 568 | ||
| Contraindications | 568 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 568 | ||
| Interactions | 568 | ||
| Dosages | 568 | ||
| Potassium-Sparing Diuretics | 568 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 569 | ||
| Indications | 569 | ||
| Contraindications | 569 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 569 | ||
| Interactions | 570 | ||
| Dosages | 570 | ||
| Thiazides and Thiazide-Like Diuretics | 570 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 571 | ||
| Indications | 571 | ||
| Contraindications | 571 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 571 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 571 | ||
| Interactions | 571 | ||
| Dosages | 572 | ||
| Nursing Process | 572 | ||
| Assessment | 572 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 573 | ||
| Planning | 573 | ||
| Goals | 573 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 573 | ||
| Implementation | 574 | ||
| Evaluation | 575 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 576 | ||
| Key Points | 576 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 577 | ||
| Answers: | 577 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 577 | ||
| 30 Fluids and Electrolytes | 578 | ||
| Objectives | 578 | ||
| Key Terms | 578 | ||
| Overview | 579 | ||
| Physiology of Fluid Balance | 579 | ||
| Crystalloids | 581 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 581 | ||
| Indications | 581 | ||
| Contraindications | 581 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 581 | ||
| Interactions | 581 | ||
| Dosages | 582 | ||
| Colloids | 582 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 582 | ||
| Five Drugs Affecting the Endocrine System | 599 | ||
| Questioning Strategy | 599 | ||
| Part Title | 599 | ||
| Chapter Titles | 599 | ||
| Chapter Objectives | 599 | ||
| Objective 1 | 599 | ||
| Objective 2 | 599 | ||
| Chapter Headings | 600 | ||
| Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus | 600 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 600 | ||
| Print Conventions Within the Body of the Chapter | 600 | ||
| Chapter 33 | 600 | ||
| Chapter Tables | 600 | ||
| 31 Pituitary Drugs | 601 | ||
| Objectives | 601 | ||
| Key Terms | 601 | ||
| Endocrine System | 602 | ||
| Pituitary Drugs | 602 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 602 | ||
| Indications | 603 | ||
| Contraindications | 604 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 604 | ||
| Interactions | 604 | ||
| Dosages | 604 | ||
| Nursing Process | 605 | ||
| Assessment | 605 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 608 | ||
| Planning | 608 | ||
| Goals | 608 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 608 | ||
| Implementation | 608 | ||
| Evaluation | 608 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 608 | ||
| Key Points | 609 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 609 | ||
| Answers: | 610 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 610 | ||
| 32 Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs | 611 | ||
| Objectives | 611 | ||
| Key Terms | 611 | ||
| Thyroid Function | 611 | ||
| Hypothyroidism | 612 | ||
| Hyperthyroidism | 612 | ||
| Thyroid Replacement Drugs | 612 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 613 | ||
| Indications | 613 | ||
| Contraindications | 613 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 613 | ||
| Interactions | 613 | ||
| Dosages | 614 | ||
| Antithyroid Drugs | 614 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 615 | ||
| Indications | 615 | ||
| Contraindications | 615 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 615 | ||
| Interactions | 615 | ||
| Dosages | 615 | ||
| Pharmacokinetic Bridge to Nursing Practice | 615 | ||
| Nursing Process | 616 | ||
| Assessment | 616 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 617 | ||
| Planning | 617 | ||
| Goals | 617 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 617 | ||
| Implementation | 617 | ||
| Evaluation | 618 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 618 | ||
| Key Points | 619 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 619 | ||
| Answers: | 620 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 620 | ||
| 33 Antidiabetic Drugs | 621 | ||
| Objectives | 621 | ||
| Key Terms | 621 | ||
| Pancreas | 622 | ||
| Diabetes | 623 | ||
| Type 1 Diabetes | 625 | ||
| Type 2 Diabetes | 626 | ||
| Acute Diabetic Complications: Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State | 626 | ||
| Gestational Diabetes | 626 | ||
| Prevention and Screening | 627 | ||
| Nonpharmacological Interventions | 627 | ||
| Glycemic Goal of Treatment | 628 | ||
| Antidiabetic Drugs | 628 | ||
| Insulins | 628 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 628 | ||
| Indications | 628 | ||
| Contraindications | 629 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 629 | ||
| Interactions | 629 | ||
| Dosages | 629 | ||
| Insulin Use in Special Populations | 629 | ||
| Inhaled Insulin | 630 | ||
| Oral Antihyperglycemic Drugs | 630 | ||
| Biguanide | 633 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 633 | ||
| Indications | 633 | ||
| Six Drugs Affecting the Respiratory System | 699 | ||
| Study on the Run, PURR | 699 | ||
| Where Is the Time? | 699 | ||
| SOTR and Plan | 699 | ||
| SOTR and Vocabulary | 699 | ||
| Creating Vocabulary Cards With SOTR | 700 | ||
| SOTR and Vocabulary Review | 700 | ||
| SOTR and Chapter Review | 700 | ||
| 37 Antihistamines, Decongestants, Antitussives, and Expectorants | 701 | ||
| Objectives | 701 | ||
| Key Terms | 701 | ||
| Cold Medications | 702 | ||
| Antihistamines | 702 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 704 | ||
| Indications | 704 | ||
| Contraindications | 704 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 706 | ||
| Interactions | 706 | ||
| Dosages | 706 | ||
| Decongestants | 708 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 709 | ||
| Indications | 709 | ||
| Contraindications | 709 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 709 | ||
| Interactions | 709 | ||
| Dosages | 709 | ||
| Antitussives | 709 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 710 | ||
| Indications | 710 | ||
| Contraindications | 710 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 711 | ||
| Interactions | 711 | ||
| Dosages | 711 | ||
| Expectorants | 711 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 711 | ||
| Indications | 712 | ||
| Contraindications | 712 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 712 | ||
| Interactions | 712 | ||
| Dosages | 712 | ||
| Nursing Process | 712 | ||
| Assessment | 712 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 713 | ||
| Planning | 714 | ||
| Goals | 714 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 714 | ||
| Implementation | 714 | ||
| Evaluation | 714 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 715 | ||
| Key Points | 716 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 716 | ||
| Answers: | 716 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 717 | ||
| 38 Respiratory Drugs | 718 | ||
| Objectives | 718 | ||
| Key Terms | 718 | ||
| Overview | 719 | ||
| Diseases of the Respiratory System | 719 | ||
| Asthma | 719 | ||
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 721 | ||
| Treatment of Diseases of the Lower Respiratory Tract | 722 | ||
| Bronchodilators | 723 | ||
| β-Adrenergic Agonists | 723 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 723 | ||
| Indications | 724 | ||
| Contraindications | 724 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 724 | ||
| Interactions | 725 | ||
| Dosages | 725 | ||
| Anticholinergics | 726 | ||
| Seven Drugs Affecting the Gastrointestinal System and Nutrition | 741 | ||
| Active Questioning | 741 | ||
| Determining the Right Questions | 741 | ||
| Kinds of Questions | 741 | ||
| Literal Questions | 741 | ||
| Interpretive Questions | 742 | ||
| Questioning Application | 742 | ||
| 39 Acid-Controlling Drugs | 743 | ||
| Objectives | 743 | ||
| Key Terms | 743 | ||
| Overview | 744 | ||
| Hydrochloric Acid | 744 | ||
| Antacids | 746 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 747 | ||
| Indications | 747 | ||
| Contraindications | 747 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 747 | ||
| Interactions | 747 | ||
| Dosages | 748 | ||
| H2 Antagonists | 748 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 748 | ||
| Indications | 748 | ||
| Contraindications | 749 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 749 | ||
| Interactions | 749 | ||
| Dosages | 750 | ||
| Proton Pump Inhibitors | 751 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 751 | ||
| Indications | 751 | ||
| Contraindications | 751 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 752 | ||
| Interactions | 752 | ||
| Dosages | 752 | ||
| Miscellaneous Acid-Controlling Drugs | 752 | ||
| Nursing Process | 752 | ||
| Assessment | 752 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 755 | ||
| Planning | 755 | ||
| Goals | 755 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 755 | ||
| Implementation | 755 | ||
| Evaluation | 756 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 756 | ||
| Key Points | 757 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 757 | ||
| Answers: | 757 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 758 | ||
| 40 Antidiarrheal Drugs and Laxatives | 759 | ||
| Objectives | 759 | ||
| Key Terms | 759 | ||
| Overview | 760 | ||
| Antidiarrheals | 760 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 760 | ||
| Indications | 761 | ||
| Contraindications | 761 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 761 | ||
| Interactions | 761 | ||
| Dosages | 761 | ||
| Laxatives | 761 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 765 | ||
| Indications | 765 | ||
| Contraindications | 766 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 766 | ||
| Interactions | 766 | ||
| Dosages | 766 | ||
| Nursing Process | 766 | ||
| Assessment | 766 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 770 | ||
| Planning | 770 | ||
| Goals | 770 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 770 | ||
| Implementation | 770 | ||
| Evaluation | 771 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 772 | ||
| Key Points | 772 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 772 | ||
| Answers: | 773 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 773 | ||
| 41 Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs | 774 | ||
| Objectives | 774 | ||
| Key Terms | 774 | ||
| Nausea and Vomiting | 775 | ||
| Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs | 775 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 775 | ||
| Indications | 777 | ||
| Contraindications | 777 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 777 | ||
| Interactions | 777 | ||
| Dosages | 778 | ||
| Nursing Process | 778 | ||
| Assessment | 778 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 781 | ||
| Planning | 781 | ||
| Goals | 781 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes Criteria | 782 | ||
| Implementation | 783 | ||
| Evaluation | 784 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 784 | ||
| Key Points | 785 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 785 | ||
| Answers: | 785 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 785 | ||
| 42 Nutritional Supplements | 786 | ||
| Objectives | 786 | ||
| Key Terms | 786 | ||
| Overview | 787 | ||
| Enteral Nutrition | 787 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 788 | ||
| Indications | 788 | ||
| Contraindications | 788 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 788 | ||
| Interactions | 788 | ||
| Dosages | 789 | ||
| Total Parenteral Nutrition | 789 | ||
| Peripheral Total Parenteral Nutrition | 790 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 790 | ||
| Indications | 790 | ||
| Contraindications | 790 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 791 | ||
| Central Total Parenteral Nutrition | 792 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 792 | ||
| Indications | 792 | ||
| Contraindications | 792 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 792 | ||
| Dosages | 792 | ||
| Trace Elements | 792 | ||
| Nursing Process | 792 | ||
| Assessment | 792 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 794 | ||
| Planning | 794 | ||
| Goals | 794 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 794 | ||
| Implementation | 795 | ||
| Evaluation | 796 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 797 | ||
| Key Points | 798 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 798 | ||
| Answers: | 798 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 799 | ||
| Eight Anti-infective and Anti-infl ammatory Drugs | 801 | ||
| Nursing Process | 801 | ||
| Assessment | 801 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 802 | ||
| Evaluation | 802 | ||
| 43 Antibiotics Part 1 | 803 | ||
| Objectives | 803 | ||
| Key Terms | 804 | ||
| Microbial Infection | 805 | ||
| Health Care–Associated Infection | 805 | ||
| General Principles of Antibiotic Therapy | 806 | ||
| Antibiotics | 809 | ||
| Sulfonamides | 809 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 809 | ||
| Indications | 810 | ||
| Contraindications | 810 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 810 | ||
| Interactions | 810 | ||
| Dosages | 810 | ||
| β-Lactam Antibiotics | 810 | ||
| Penicillins | 811 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 811 | ||
| Indications | 812 | ||
| Contraindications | 812 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 812 | ||
| Interactions | 812 | ||
| Nine Immune and Biological Modifi ers and Chemotherapeutic Drugs | 925 | ||
| Time Management | 925 | ||
| Evaluate Prior Performance | 925 | ||
| What Types of Errors Did I Make? | 926 | ||
| Did I Have Trouble With Questions That Required Mastery of Terminology? | 926 | ||
| Did I Miss Concept Questions? | 926 | ||
| Did I Make Errors Because I Did Not Know the Material? | 926 | ||
| Did I Change My Answer After Selecting the Correct One? | 926 | ||
| Anticipate the Test | 926 | ||
| Plan for Distributed Study | 926 | ||
| 50 Immunosuppressant Drugs | 927 | ||
| Objectives | 927 | ||
| Key Terms | 927 | ||
| Immune System | 928 | ||
| Immunosuppressant Drugs | 928 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 928 | ||
| Indications | 929 | ||
| Contraindications | 929 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 930 | ||
| Interactions | 930 | ||
| Dosages | 930 | ||
| Nursing Process | 934 | ||
| Assessment | 934 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 934 | ||
| Planning | 934 | ||
| Goals | 934 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 935 | ||
| Implementation | 935 | ||
| Evaluation | 935 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 936 | ||
| Key Points | 937 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 937 | ||
| Answers: | 937 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 938 | ||
| 51 Immunizing Drugs and Pandemic Preparedness | 939 | ||
| Objectives | 939 | ||
| Key Terms | 939 | ||
| Immunity and Immunization | 941 | ||
| Active Immunization | 941 | ||
| Toxoids | 941 | ||
| Vaccines | 942 | ||
| Passive Immunization | 943 | ||
| Immunizing Drugs | 944 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 944 | ||
| Indications | 944 | ||
| Contraindications | 945 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 945 | ||
| Interactions | 945 | ||
| Dosages | 946 | ||
| Pandemic Preparedness and Response | 951 | ||
| Nursing Process | 952 | ||
| Assessment | 952 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 953 | ||
| Planning | 953 | ||
| Goals | 953 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 953 | ||
| Implementation | 953 | ||
| Evaluation | 954 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 954 | ||
| Key Points | 955 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 955 | ||
| Answers: | 955 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 956 | ||
| 52 Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1 | 957 | ||
| Objectives | 957 | ||
| Key Terms | 958 | ||
| Overview | 959 | ||
| Etiology of Cancer | 960 | ||
| Age- And Gender-Related Differences | 960 | ||
| Genetic and Ethnic Factors | 961 | ||
| Oncogenic Viruses | 961 | ||
| Occupational and Environmental Carcinogens | 961 | ||
| Radiation | 962 | ||
| Immunological Factors | 962 | ||
| Cell Growth Cycle | 962 | ||
| Cancer Drug Nomenclature | 964 | ||
| Drug Therapy | 964 | ||
| Cell Cycle–Specific Antineoplastic Drugs | 967 | ||
| Antimetabolites | 967 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 967 | ||
| Folate Antagonists | 967 | ||
| Purine Antagonists | 967 | ||
| Pyrimidine Antagonists | 967 | ||
| Folic Acid Antagonism | 967 | ||
| Purine Antagonism | 968 | ||
| Pyrimidine Antagonism | 968 | ||
| Indications | 968 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 968 | ||
| Interactions | 968 | ||
| Dosages | 968 | ||
| Mitotic Inhibitors | 972 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 972 | ||
| Indications | 972 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 972 | ||
| Toxicity: Management of Extravasation | 972 | ||
| Interactions | 972 | ||
| Alkaloid Topoisomerase II Inhibitors | 972 | ||
| Dosages | 972 | ||
| Topoisomerase I Inhibitors | 974 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 974 | ||
| Indications | 974 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 974 | ||
| Interactions | 975 | ||
| Dosages | 975 | ||
| Antineoplastic Enzymes | 976 | ||
| Indications | 976 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 976 | ||
| Interactions | 976 | ||
| Dosages | 976 | ||
| Nursing Process | 976 | ||
| Assessment | 976 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 980 | ||
| Planning | 980 | ||
| Goals | 980 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 980 | ||
| Implementation | 981 | ||
| Evaluation | 984 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 985 | ||
| Key Points | 985 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 986 | ||
| Answers: | 986 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 987 | ||
| 53 Antineoplastic Drugs Part 2 | 988 | ||
| Objectives | 988 | ||
| Key Terms | 989 | ||
| Cell Cycle–Nonspecific Antineoplastic Drugs | 989 | ||
| Alkylating Drugs | 989 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 989 | ||
| Indications | 990 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 990 | ||
| Interactions | 991 | ||
| Dosages | 991 | ||
| Cytotoxic Antibiotics | 991 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 992 | ||
| Indications | 992 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 993 | ||
| Toxicity and Management of Overdose | 993 | ||
| Interactions | 993 | ||
| Dosages | 993 | ||
| Miscellaneous Antineoplastics | 994 | ||
| Hormonal Antineoplastics | 995 | ||
| Radiopharmaceuticals and Related Antineoplastics | 995 | ||
| Nursing Process | 997 | ||
| Assessment | 997 | ||
| Nursing Diagnoses | 998 | ||
| Planning | 998 | ||
| Goals | 998 | ||
| Expected Patient Outcomes | 999 | ||
| Implementation | 999 | ||
| Evaluation | 1000 | ||
| Patient Teaching Tips | 1001 | ||
| Key Points | 1001 | ||
| Examination Review Questions | 1002 | ||
| Answers: | 1002 | ||
| Critical Thinking Activities | 1002 | ||
| 54 Biological Response–Modifying Drugs and Antirheumatic Drugs | 1003 | ||
| Objectives | 1003 | ||
| Key Terms | 1004 | ||
| Overview of Immunomodulators | 1005 | ||
| Immune System | 1005 | ||
| Humoral Immune System | 1006 | ||
| Cell-Mediated Immune System | 1006 | ||
| Biological Response Modifiers | 1006 | ||
| Hematopoietic Drugs | 1007 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 1008 | ||
| Indications | 1008 | ||
| Contraindications | 1008 | ||
| Adverse Effects | 1008 | ||
| Interactions | 1008 | ||
| Dosages | 1009 | ||
| Interferons | 1009 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 1009 | ||
| Indications | 1009 | ||
| Contraindications | 1009 | ||
| Ten Miscellaneous Therapeutics: Hematological, Dermatological, Ophthalmic, and Otic Drugs | 1025 | ||
| Time Management | 1025 | ||
| Goal Statements | 1025 | ||
| Action Planning | 1025 | ||
| Action Steps Example | 1025 | ||
| Purr | 1026 | ||
| Prepare Example | 1026 | ||
| Outline Example | 1026 | ||
| Repeat the Steps | 1026 | ||
| 55 Anemia Drugs | 1027 | ||
| Objectives | 1027 | ||
| Key Terms | 1027 | ||
| Erythropoiesis | 1028 | ||
| Types of Anemia | 1028 | ||
| Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents | 1030 | ||
| Iron | 1031 | ||
| Mechanism of Action and Drug Effects | 1031 | ||
| Indications | 1031 | ||
| Contraindications | 1031 | ||
| Appendix Pharmaceutical Abbreviations | 1087 | ||
| Case Study Photo Credits | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 1 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 2 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 3 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 4 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 5 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 6 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 7 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 8 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 9 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 11 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 12 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 13 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 14 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 15 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 16 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 17 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 18 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 19 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 20 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 21 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 22 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 23 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 24 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 25 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 26 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 27 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 28 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 29 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 30 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 31 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 32 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 33 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 34 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 35 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 36 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 37 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 38 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 39 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 40 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 41 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 42 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 43 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 44 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 45 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 46 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 47 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 48 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 49 | 1088 | ||
| Chapter 50 | 1089 | ||
| Chapter 51 | 1089 | ||
| Chapter 52 | 1089 | ||
| Chapter 53 | 1089 | ||
| Chapter 54 | 1089 | ||
| Chapter 55 | 1089 | ||
| Chapter 56 | 1089 | ||
| Chapter 57 | 1089 | ||
| Chapter 58 | 1089 | ||
| Bibliography | 1090 | ||
| General References | 1090 | ||
| Part 1 | 1090 | ||
| Chapter 1 | 1090 | ||
| Chapter 2 | 1091 | ||
| Chapter 3 | 1091 | ||
| Chapter 4 | 1091 | ||
| Chapter 5 | 1093 | ||
| Chapter 6 | 1093 | ||
| Chapter 7 | 1094 | ||
| Chapter 8 | 1095 | ||
| Chapter 9 | 1096 | ||
| Chapter 10 | 1096 | ||
| Chapter 11 | 1097 | ||
| Chapter 12 | 1097 | ||
| Chapter 13 | 1097 | ||
| Chapter 14 | 1098 | ||
| Chapter 15 | 1098 | ||
| Chapter 16 | 1099 | ||
| Chapter 17 | 1099 | ||
| Chapter 18 | 1101 | ||
| Chapter 19 | 1102 | ||
| Chapter 20 | 1102 | ||
| Chapter 21 | 1102 | ||
| Chapter 22 | 1103 | ||
| Chapter 23 | 1103 | ||
| Chapter 24 | 1104 | ||
| Chapter 25 | 1104 | ||
| Chapter 26 | 1104 | ||
| Chapter 27 | 1105 | ||
| Chapter 28 | 1105 | ||
| Chapter 29 | 1105 | ||
| Chapter 30 | 1105 | ||
| Chapter 31 | 1106 | ||
| Chapter 32 | 1106 | ||
| Chapter 33 | 1106 | ||
| Chapter 34 | 1107 | ||
| Chapter 35 | 1107 | ||
| Chapter 36 | 1108 | ||
| Chapter 37 | 1108 | ||
| Chapter 38 | 1108 | ||
| Chapter 39 | 1109 | ||
| Chapter 40 | 1109 | ||
| Chapter 41 | 1109 | ||
| Chapter 42 | 1110 | ||
| Chapter 43 | 1110 | ||
| Chapter 44 | 1111 | ||
| Chapter 45 | 1111 | ||
| Chapter 46 | 1111 | ||
| Chapter 47 | 1111 | ||
| Chapter 48 | 1112 | ||
| Chapter 49 | 1112 | ||
| Chapter 50 | 1112 | ||
| Chapter 51 | 1113 | ||
| Chapter 52 | 1113 | ||
| Chapter 53 Chapter 54 | 1113 | ||
| Chapter 55 | 1113 | ||
| Chapter 56 | 1113 | ||
| Chapter 57 | 1114 | ||
| Chapter 58 | 1114 | ||
| Index of Glossary Terms | 1115 | ||
| A | 1115 | ||
| B | 1116 | ||
| C | 1116 | ||
| D | 1117 | ||
| E | 1117 | ||
| F | 1118 | ||
| G | 1118 | ||
| H | 1118 | ||
| I | 1118 | ||
| K | 1119 | ||
| L | 1119 | ||
| M | 1119 | ||
| N | 1119 | ||
| O | 1120 | ||
| P | 1120 | ||
| Q | 1121 | ||
| R | 1121 | ||
| S | 1121 | ||
| T | 1121 | ||
| U | 1122 | ||
| V | 1122 | ||
| W | 1122 | ||
| Y | 1122 | ||
| Z | 1122 | ||
| A | 1123 | ||
| B | 1124 | ||
| C | 1124 | ||
| D | 1125 | ||
| E | 1126 | ||
| F | 1126 | ||
| G | 1127 | ||
| H | 1127 | ||
| I | 1127 | ||
| J | 1128 | ||
| K | 1128 | ||
| L | 1128 | ||
| M | 1128 | ||
| N | 1129 | ||
| O | 1129 | ||
| P | 1130 | ||
| Q | 1131 | ||
| R | 1131 | ||
| S | 1131 | ||
| T | 1132 | ||
| U | 1132 | ||
| V | 1132 | ||
| W | 1133 | ||
| X | 1133 | ||
| Y | 1133 | ||
| Z | 1133 | ||
| Index of Natural Health Products | 1134 | ||
| A | 1134 | ||
| B | 1134 | ||
| C | 1134 | ||
| E | 1134 | ||
| F | 1134 | ||
| G | 1134 | ||
| H | 1134 | ||
| K | 1134 | ||
| P | 1134 | ||
| S | 1134 | ||
| T | 1134 | ||
| V | 1134 | ||
| A | 1135 | ||
| B | 1144 | ||
| C | 1145 | ||
| D | 1149 | ||
| E | 1151 | ||
| F | 1153 | ||
| G | 1154 | ||
| H | 1155 | ||
| I | 1156 | ||
| J | 1159 | ||
| K | 1159 | ||
| L | 1159 | ||
| M | 1160 | ||
| N | 1162 | ||
| O | 1164 | ||
| P | 1165 | ||
| Q | 1168 | ||
| R | 1168 | ||
| S | 1169 | ||
| T | 1171 | ||
| U | 1172 | ||
| V | 1172 | ||
| W | 1173 | ||
| X | 1174 | ||
| Y | 1174 | ||
| Z | 1174 | ||
| Special Features | 1177 | ||
| Case Study | 1177 | ||
| Ethnocultural Implications | 1177 | ||
| Evidence In Practice | 1178 | ||
| Lab Values Related to Drug Therapy | 1178 | ||
| Legal & Ethical Principles | 1178 | ||
| Natural Health Products | 1178 | ||
| Special Features | IBC3 | ||
| Preventing Medication Errors | IBC3 | ||
| Special Populations: Adolescents | IBC3 | ||
| Special Populations: Children | IBC3 | ||
| Special Populations: Older Adults | IBC3 |