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Abstract
World War I utterly transformed the lives of Jews around the world: it allowed them to display their patriotism, to dispel antisemitic myths about Jewish cowardice, and to fight for Jewish rights. Yet Jews also suffered as refugees and deportees, at times catastrophically. And in the aftermath of the war, the replacement of the Habsburg Monarchy and the Russian and Ottoman Empires with a system of nation-states confronted Jews with a new set of challenges. This book provides a fascinating survey of the ways in which Jewish communities participated in and were changed by the Great War, focusing on the dramatic circumstances they faced in Europe, North America, and the Middle East during and after the conflict.
“This volume fills a crucial research gap in modern Jewish history, contains excellent essays by senior and junior scholars, and makes a convincing case why the ‘Great War’ marked a crucial turning point in modern Jewish history on both sides of the Atlantic.” · Tobias Brinkmann, The Pennsylvania State University
Jonathan Karp is Associate Professor of History and Judaic Studies at Binghamton University. He is the author of The Politics of Jewish Commerce: Economic Thought and Emancipation in Europe, 1638-1838 (2008) and editor of several academic collections, including, with Adam Sutcliffe, Philosemitism in History (2012) and the Cambridge History of Judaism in the Early Modern Period (2017). He was Executive Director of the American Jewish Historical Society from 2010-2013.
Marsha L. Rozenblit is the Harvey M. Meyerhoff Professor of Modern Jewish History at the University of Maryland. She is the author of The Jews of Vienna, 1867-1914: Assimilation and Identity (1983) and Constructing a National Identity: The Jews of Habsburg Austria during World War I (2001) and co-editor, with Pieter M. Judson, of Constructing Nationalities in East Central Europe (2005).
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| World War I and the Jews | iii | ||
| Copyright Page | iv | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Figures | ix | ||
| Tables | x | ||
| Maps | xi | ||
| Acknowledgments | xii | ||
| Introduction: On the Significance of World War I and the Jews | 1 | ||
| Part I — Overviews | 15 | ||
| Chapter 1 — World War I and Its Impact on the Problem of Security in Jewish History | 17 | ||
| Chapter 2 — The European Jewish World 1914–1919: What Changed? | 32 | ||
| Chapter 3 — Jewish Diplomacy and the Politics of War and Peace | 56 | ||
| Part II — Local Studies | 83 | ||
| Chapter 4 — Bravery in the Borderlands, Martyrs on the Margins: Jewish War Heroes and World War I Narratives in France, 1914–1940 | 85 | ||
| Chapter 5 — The Budapest Jewish Community's Galician October | 112 | ||
| Chapter 6 — Confronting the Bacterial Enemy: Public Health, Philanthropy, and Jewish Responses to Typhus in Poland, 1914–1921 | 131 | ||
| Chapter 7 — The Union of Jewish Soldiers under Soviet Rule | 151 | ||
| Chapter 8 — Global Conflict, Local Politics: The Jews of Salonica and World War I | 175 | ||
| Chapter 9 — Recounting the Past, Shaping the Future: Ladino Literary Representations of World War I | 201 | ||
| Chapter 10 — Women and the War: The Social and Economic Impact of World War I on Jewish Women in the Traditional Holy Cities of Palestine | 222 | ||
| Chapter 11 — Baghdadi Jews in the Ottoman Military during World War I | 242 | ||
| Chapter 12 — Unintentional Pluralists: Military Policy, Jewish Servicemen, and the Development of Tri-Faith America during World War I | 263 | ||
| Chapter 13 — American Yiddish Socialists at the Wartime Crossroads: Patriotism and Nationalism versus Proletarian Internationalism | 279 | ||
| Chapter 14 — Louis Marshall during World War I: Change and Continuity in Jewish Culture and Politics | 303 | ||
| Index | 326 |