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Theory of African Literature

Theory of African Literature

Chidi Amuta | Biodun Jeyifo

(2017)

Abstract

This groundbreaking work, first published in 1989, was one of the first to challenge the conventional critical assessment of African literature, and remains highly influential today.
Amuta's key argument is that African literature can be discussed only within the wider framework of the dismantling of colonial rule and Western hegemony in Africa. In exploring the possibility of a dialectical, alternative critical base, he draws upon both classical Marxist aesthetics and the theories of African culture espoused by Fanon, Cabral and Ngugi. From these explorations, Amuta derives a new language of criticism, which is then applied to works by modern African writers as diverse as Achebe, Ousmane, Agostinho Neto and Dennis Brutus.
Amuta's highly original and innovative approach remains relevant not only for assessing the literature of developing countries, but for Marxist and postcolonial theories of literary criticism more generally. The author's elegance of argument and clarity of exposition makes this a distinguished and lasting contribution to debates around cultural expression in postcolonial Africa.

‘Amuta’s monograph remains irreplaceable in being the very first systematic attempt to give us a cognitive map of where African literary theory came from.’
Biodun Jeyifo, from the Foreword


Chidi Amuta is a Nigerian journalist, intellectual and literary critic. He was previously a senior lecturer in literature and communications at the universities of Ife and Port Harcourt. He is also chaitman of the editorial board for the Nigerian Daily Times.

Biodun Jeyifo is a professor of African and African American studies and of comparative literature at Harvard University. His previous books include Wole Soyinka: Politics, Poetics, Postcolonialism (2004).

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover Cover
About the Author iii
Title Page v
Copyright vi
Dedication vii
Contents ix
Foreword by Biodun Jeyifo xi
Preface xv
Introduction 1
1. Ideological Formations in the Criticism of African Literature 12
Criticism, Ideology and Society: A Dialectical Overview 13
The Class Position of the Critic 16
Aspects of Bourgeois Criticism 18
Notes 31
2. Traditionalism and the Quest for an African Literary Aesthetic 33
The Intellectual Climate 34
An African World View: Illusion or Reality? 37
Pitfalls of Traditionalist Aesthetics 41
Notes 50
3. Marxism and African Literature 52
Marxist Aesthetics: An Open-ended Legacy 52
Politics and Ideology in African Literature 56
African Literature and the National Question 61
The Class Question: African Literature or Literature of the African People? 68
Beyond Orthodox Marxism: The Framework for a Post-Marxist Theory of African Literature and Culture 72
Notes 75
4. A Dialectical Theory of African Literature: Categories and Springboards 77
Dialectics and Cultural Theory 77
Categories for a Dialectical Theory of African Literature 80
Springboards for a Dialectical Theory of African Literature and Culture 89
Notes 100
5. Issues and Problems in African Literature: A Dialectical Revision 103
African Literature: Beyond Definition 104
African Literature and its Audience 107
The Language Question 112
Commitment and Alignment 114
Continuities from the Past 117
Aesthetics and Critical Values 120
The Limits of Literature 121
Implications for Practical Criticism 122
Notes 123
6. History and the Dialectics of Narrative in the African Novel 125
Problems in the Sociology of the African Novel 125
The Materialism of Cultural Nationalism: Achebe's Things Fall Apart and Arrow of God 130
Proletarian Consciousness and the Anti-Colonial Struggle: Ousmane's God's Bits of Wood 136
Class Struggle and the Socialist Vision: Ngugi's Petals of Blood 143
Notes 152
7. Drama and Revolution in Africa 154
Politics and Ideology in Contemporary African Drama: Theoretical Observations 154
Historical Reconstruction and Class Struggle in Anti-Imperialist Drama: The Trial of Dedan Kimathi and I Will Marry When I Want 157
Contemporary Contradictions and the Revolutionary Alternative: Once Upon Four Robbers and Morountodun 167
Notes 174
8. Poetry and Liberation Politics in Africa 176
Poetry and Politics: The Dialectic of Commitment 176
The Poetic Essence of National Liberation: Agostinho Neto's Sacred Hope 185
Poetry as Political Polemic: Odia Ofeimun's The Poet Lied 191
Notes 195
9. Beyond Decolonization 197
Select Bibliography 200
Index 205