Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This best-selling title is your definitive guide to all aspects of the English Legal System. Its unrivalled coverage of the subject combined with the authors’ engaging written style and a range of student-friendly features make this text a must-buy for anyone studying law.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Cover\r | Cover | ||
Title Page\r | iii | ||
Copyright Page\r | iv | ||
Brief Contents\r | v | ||
Contents\r | vii | ||
Preface | xiii | ||
Acknowledgements | xiv | ||
Table of cases | xvi | ||
Table of statutes | xxiv | ||
Table of statutory materials | xxix | ||
Cases, law reports and case references: a guide | xxxi | ||
Introduction | 1 | ||
The legal system in context | 2 | ||
The unwritten constitution | 2 | ||
A written constitution? | 6 | ||
Reading list | 6 | ||
On the internet | 6 | ||
Part 1 SOURCES OF LAW | 7 | ||
1 Case law | 9 | ||
Historical background | 10 | ||
Judicial precedent | 14 | ||
The hierarchy of the courts | 15 | ||
How do judges really decide cases? | 24 | ||
Do judges make law? | 27 | ||
When should judges make law? | 30 | ||
Advantages of case law | 33 | ||
Disadvantages of case law | 34 | ||
Answering questions | 37 | ||
Summary of Chapter 1: Case law | 39 | ||
Reading list | 40 | ||
On the internet | 41 | ||
2 Statute law | 42 | ||
Introduction | 43 | ||
House of Commons | 43 | ||
House of Lords | 43 | ||
Making an Act of Parliament | 46 | ||
Reforms to legislative Procedures | 51 | ||
Answering questions | 52 | ||
Summary of Chapter 2: Statute law | 52 | ||
Reading list | 53 | ||
On the internet | 53 | ||
3 Statutory interpretation | 54 | ||
Introduction | 55 | ||
How are statutes interpreted? | 56 | ||
Rules of interpretation | 56 | ||
Interpreting European legislation | 65 | ||
Aids to interpretation | 65 | ||
How do judges really interpret statutes? | 73 | ||
Reform of statutory interpretation | 76 | ||
Answering questions | 77 | ||
Summary of Chapter 3: Statutory interpretation | 78 | ||
Reading list | 79 | ||
On the internet | 79 | ||
4 Delegated legislation | 80 | ||
Introduction | 81 | ||
The power to make delegated legislation | 81 | ||
Why is delegated legislation necessary? | 83 | ||
Control of delegated legislation | 83 | ||
Criticism of delegated legislation | 88 | ||
Answering questions | 89 | ||
Summary of Chapter 4: Delegated legislation | 92 | ||
Reading list | 92 | ||
On the internet | 92 | ||
5 European law | 93 | ||
Introduction | 94 | ||
The aims of the European Union | 95 | ||
Modernising the European Union | 97 | ||
The institutions of the European Union | 98 | ||
Making European legislation | 105 | ||
Types of European legislation | 105 | ||
How does EU law affect the UK? | 112 | ||
Answering questions | 116 | ||
Summary of Chapter 5: European law | 118 | ||
Reading list | 119 | ||
On the internet | 119 | ||
6 Custom | 120 | ||
Introduction | 121 | ||
When can custom be a source of law? | 121 | ||
Answering questions | 123 | ||
Summary of Chapter 6: Custom | 124 | ||
Reading list | 124 | ||
7 Equity | 125 | ||
Introduction | 126 | ||
How equity began | 126 | ||
Common law and equity | 127 | ||
The Judicature Acts | 128 | ||
Equity today | 128 | ||
Answering questions | 130 | ||
Summary of Chapter 7: Equity | 131 | ||
Reading list | 132 | ||
8 Treaties | 133 | ||
Introduction | 134 | ||
Implementation of treaties | 134 | ||
Answering questions | 135 | ||
On the internet | 135 | ||
9 Law reform | 136 | ||
Introduction | 137 | ||
Judicial change | 137 | ||
Reform by Parliament | 138 | ||
Pressures for reform | 139 | ||
Agencies of law reform | 141 | ||
Performance of the law reform bodies | 145 | ||
Problems with law reform agencies | 150 | ||
Answering questions | 152 | ||
Summary of Chapter 9: Law reform | 153 | ||
Reading list | 154 | ||
On the internet | 154 | ||
Part 2 PEOPLE WORKING IN THE LEGAL SYSTEM | 155 | ||
10 The judges | 157 | ||
The role of the judges | 158 | ||
Judicial hierarchy | 158 | ||
Appointments to the judiciary | 160 | ||
Wigs and gowns | 166 | ||
Training | 166 | ||
Pay | 167 | ||
Promotion | 167 | ||
Termination of appointment | 168 | ||
Independence of the judiciary | 170 | ||
Criticisms of the judiciary | 171 | ||
Answering questions | 183 | ||
Summary of Chapter 10: The judges | 185 | ||
Reading list | 186 | ||
On the internet | 187 | ||
11 The legal professions | 188 | ||
Introduction | 189 | ||
Solicitors | 189 | ||
Barristers | 197 | ||
Complaints | 203 | ||
Background of barristers and solicitors | 205 | ||
Performance of the legal professions | 212 | ||
The future of the professions | 214 | ||
Fusion of the professions | 225 | ||
Other legal personnel | 229 | ||
Do we need legal professionals? | 231 | ||
Answering questions | 233 | ||
Summary of Chapter 11: The legal professions | 235 | ||
Reading list | 236 | ||
On the internet | 238 | ||
12 The jury | 239 | ||
History | 240 | ||
The function of the jury | 241 | ||
When are juries used? | 243 | ||
Qualifications for jury service | 247 | ||
Summoning the jury | 250 | ||
Jury vetting | 251 | ||
Challenges | 252 | ||
Discharging the jury | 253 | ||
The secrecy of the jury | 255 | ||
The verdict | 256 | ||
Strengths of the jury system | 257 | ||
Criticisms of the jury system | 260 | ||
Reform of the jury | 268 | ||
Answering questions | 272 | ||
Summary of Chapter 12: The jury | 274 | ||
Reading list | 275 | ||
On the internet | 277 | ||
13 Magistrates | 278 | ||
The magistrates’ courts | 279 | ||
Magistrates | 280 | ||
Answering questions | 294 | ||
Summary of Chapter 13: Magistrates | 296 | ||
Reading list | 296 | ||
On the internet | 297 | ||
14 Administration of justice | 298 | ||
The Ministry of Justice and the Home Office | 299 | ||
The Lord Chancellor | 300 | ||
The Law Officers’ Department | 302 | ||
Answering questions | 304 | ||
Summary of Chapter 14: Administration of justice | 305 | ||
Reading list | 305 | ||
On the internet | 305 | ||
15 Paying for legal services | 306 | ||
Introduction | 307 | ||
Unmet need for legal services | 307 | ||
The historical development of legal aid | 310 | ||
Legal aid today | 311 | ||
Problems with the legal aid system | 315 | ||
Not-for-profit agencies | 321 | ||
Conditional fee agreements | 323 | ||
Contingency fees | 325 | ||
Third party funding | 328 | ||
Reform | 329 | ||
Answering questions | 334 | ||
Summary of Chapter 15: Paying for legal services | 335 | ||
Reading list | 335 | ||
On the internet | 337 | ||
Part 3 HUMAN RIGHTS | 339 | ||
16 Introduction to human rights | 341 | ||
Introduction | 342 | ||
The European Convention on Human Rights | 343 | ||
The scope of the Convention | 343 | ||
The administration | 344 | ||
The Human Rights Act 1998 | 346 | ||
Advantages of the Human Rights Act 1998 | 351 | ||
Disadvantages of the Human Rights Act 1998 | 353 | ||
A Bill of Rights for the UK? | 355 | ||
The European Court of Human Rights and the CJEU | 360 | ||
The European charter of Fundamental Rights | 360 | ||
Today’s debates | 362 | ||
Answering questions | 367 | ||
Summary of Chapter 16: Introduction to human rights | 368 | ||
Reading list | 369 | ||
On the internet | 369 | ||
17 Remedies for infringement of human rights | 370 | ||
Introduction | 371 | ||
Judicial review | 371 | ||
Habeas corpus | 371 | ||
Civil action for negligence | 371 | ||
Compensation | 373 | ||
Criminal proceedings | 374 | ||
Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme | 375 | ||
The Independent Police Complaints Commission | 375 | ||
The admissibility of evidence | 376 | ||
The right to exercise self-defence | 377 | ||
Parliamentary controls | 377 | ||
The Ombudsman | 377 | ||
Answering questions | 378 | ||
Summary of Chapter 17: Remedies for infringement of human rights | 379 | ||
Reading list | 380 | ||
On the internet | 381 | ||
Part 4 CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM | 383 | ||
18 The police | 385 | ||
Introduction | 386 | ||
Miscarriages of justice | 386 | ||
The response to the miscarriages of justice | 390 | ||
Human Rights Act 1998 | 390 | ||
The organisation of the police | 390 | ||
Police powers | 393 | ||
Criticism and reform | 422 | ||
Answering questions | 428 | ||
Summary of Chapter 18: The police | 430 | ||
Reading list | 431 | ||
On the internet | 434 | ||
19 The criminal trial process | 435 | ||
The adversarial process | 436 | ||
Criminal Procedure Rules | 436 | ||
The Crown Prosecution Service | 438 | ||
Appearance in court | 445 | ||
Classification of offences | 446 | ||
Allocation procedure | 447 | ||
Sending for trial | 449 | ||
Plea and trial preparation hearing | 449 | ||
Disclosure | 450 | ||
Plea bargaining | 450 | ||
The trial | 452 | ||
Models of criminal justice systems | 455 | ||
Criticism and Reform | 456 | ||
Answering questions | 468 | ||
Summary of Chapter 19: The criminal trial process | 471 | ||
Reading list | 472 | ||
On the internet | 474 | ||
20 Sentencing | 475 | ||
The Criminal Justice Act 2003 | 476 | ||
Purposes of sentencing | 476 | ||
Sentencing practice | 480 | ||
Types of sentence | 487 | ||
Reform | 509 | ||
Answering questions | 509 | ||
Summary of Chapter 20: Sentencing | 511 | ||
Reading list | 513 | ||
On the internet | 515 | ||
21 Young offenders | 517 | ||
Introduction | 518 | ||
Criminal liability | 519 | ||
Young people and the police | 519 | ||
Remand and bail | 520 | ||
Youth cautions | 520 | ||
Trial | 521 | ||
Sentencing | 523 | ||
Answering questions | 534 | ||
Summary of Chapter 21: Young offenders | 536 | ||
Reading list | 538 | ||
On the internet | 538 | ||
22 Criminal appeals | 539 | ||
Appeals | 540 | ||
Appeals in criminal law cases | 540 | ||
Criticism and reform of the appeal system | 549 | ||
Answering questions | 557 | ||
Summary of Chapter 22: Criminal appeals | 558 | ||
Reading list | 559 | ||
On the internet | 560 | ||
Part 5 CIVIL JUSTICE SYSTEM | 561 | ||
23 The civil trial process | 563 | ||
Introduction | 564 | ||
History | 564 | ||
The civil courts | 565 | ||
The civil justice system before April 1999 | 566 | ||
The civil justice system after April 1999 | 569 | ||
Criticism of the civil justice system | 587 | ||
Reform | 601 | ||
Answering questions | 604 | ||
Summary of Chapter 23: The civil trial process | 605 | ||
Reading list | 607 | ||
On the internet | 608 | ||
24 Tribunals | 610 | ||
Introduction | 611 | ||
History | 611 | ||
Reforming the tribunals | 612 | ||
Tribunals today | 614 | ||
Advantages of tribunals | 618 | ||
Disadvantages of tribunals | 619 | ||
Answering questions | 620 | ||
Summary of Chapter 24: Tribunals | 621 | ||
Reading list | 623 | ||
On the internet | 623 | ||
25 Alternative methods of dispute resolution | 624 | ||
Introduction | 625 | ||
Problems with court hearings | 626 | ||
Alternative dispute resolution mechanisms | 627 | ||
Examples of ADR | 629 | ||
Advantages of ADR | 636 | ||
Problems with ADR | 637 | ||
The future for ADR | 638 | ||
Answering questions | 640 | ||
Summary of Chapter 25: Alternative methods of dispute resolution | 641 | ||
Reading list | 642 | ||
On the internet | 643 | ||
26 Civil appeals and judicial review | 644 | ||
Appeals in Civil Law Cases | 645 | ||
Judicial Review | 647 | ||
Answering questions | 656 | ||
Summary of Chapter 26: Civil appeals and judicial review | 657 | ||
Reading list | 658 | ||
On the internet | 658 | ||
Part 6 CONCEPTS OF LAW | 659 | ||
27 Law and rules | 661 | ||
Introduction | 662 | ||
Austin: the command theory | 662 | ||
Hart: primary and secondary rules | 662 | ||
Dworkin: legal principles | 664 | ||
The natural law theory | 664 | ||
The function of law | 664 | ||
Why are laws obeyed? | 668 | ||
Answering questions | 669 | ||
Summary of Chapter 27: Law and rules | 670 | ||
Reading list | 671 | ||
28 Law and morals | 672 | ||
Introduction | 673 | ||
Law and Morality | 674 | ||
Changes in Law and Morality | 675 | ||
Differences Between Law and Morality | 675 | ||
Should Law and Morality be Separate? | 676 | ||
Answering questions | 685 | ||
Summary of Chapter 28: Law and morals | 686 | ||
Reading list | 687 | ||
On the internet | 688 | ||
29 Law and justice | 689 | ||
Introduction | 690 | ||
Aristotle | 690 | ||
Natural law theories | 690 | ||
Utilitarianism | 690 | ||
The economic analysis of law | 691 | ||
Rawls: A Theory of Justice | 691 | ||
Nozick and the minimal state | 692 | ||
Karl Marx | 693 | ||
Kelsen and positivism | 693 | ||
Justice in practice | 693 | ||
Answering questions | 695 | ||
Summary of Chapter 29: Law and justice | 695 | ||
Reading list | 696 | ||
Appendix: Answering examination questions | 697 | ||
General points | 697 | ||
Essay questions | 699 | ||
Problem questions | 700 | ||
Glossary | 703 | ||
Select bibliography | 706 | ||
Index | 723 |