BOOK
Hands-On Ablation
Amin Al-Ahmad | David J. Callans | Henry H. Hsia | Andrea Natale | Oscar Oseroff | Paul J. Wang
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Clinically useful approaches for the effective diagnosis and ablation of arrhythmias.
This updated and expanded Hands-On Ablation, The Experts' Approach, Second Edition is a comprehensive and unique book that gives an inside look at leading electrophysiology labs throughout the world and provides the reader with useful information and tips for ablation procedures directly from the experts themselves.
- Each chapter highlights the practical knowledge of the expert author with a specific procedure.
- “Hands-on” detail that helps translate new ideas and innovations into practice for the most state-of-the-art patient care.
- In-depth “how-to” approaches are described for over 50 procedures, including ablations for supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia.
- A valuable reference for every electrophysiology lab to help differentiate diagnostic challenges.
- Fully illustrated with over 170 videos and 550 figures.
New in the Second Edition:
- Chapters detailing the latest complex approaches to ablation of both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias.
- A section on approaches to left atrial appendage closure.
- An update of new technologies used for arrhythmia treatment.
- 14 new chapters (59 total), 34 new videos (170 total), and 210 new figures (550 total).
EDITORS
AMIN AL-AHMAD MD
Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute at St. David’s Medical Center, Austin, Texas
DAVID J. CALLANS MD
University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
HENRY H. HSIA MD
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
ANDREA NATALE MD
Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute at St. David’s Medical Center, Austin, Texas
OSCAR OSEROFF MD
Bazterrica Clinic, Buenos Aires, Argentina
PAUL J. WANG MD
Stanford University, Stanford, California
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | i | ||
| Title Page | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| Dedications | v | ||
| Contents | vii | ||
| Contributors | xi | ||
| Foreword | xix | ||
| Preface | xxi | ||
| Abbreviations | xxiii | ||
| Video Descriptions | xxvii | ||
| Section I: Ablation of SupraventricularTachycardia | 1 | ||
| Chapter 1: How to Rapidly Diagnose Supraventricular Tachycardia in the Electrophysiology Lab | 3 | ||
| Introduction | 3 | ||
| Preprocedure Planning | 4 | ||
| Vascular Access and Catheter Placement | 4 | ||
| Baseline Observations in the EP Lab | 4 | ||
| Tachycardia Characteristics | 6 | ||
| Pacing Maneuvers During Tachycardia | 7 | ||
| Conclusions | 11 | ||
| References | 12 | ||
| References | 13 | ||
| Chapter 2: How to Ablate Typical and Reverse Atrial Flutter | 13 | ||
| Introduction | 13 | ||
| Preprocedure Planning | 15 | ||
| Procedure | 15 | ||
| Ablation | 20 | ||
| Differential Pacing | 21 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 24 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 24 | ||
| Conclusions | 25 | ||
| References | 25 | ||
| Chapter 3: How to Ablate Atrial Flutter Postsurgery | 27 | ||
| Introduction | 27 | ||
| Preprocedure Planning | 28 | ||
| Procedure | 28 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 35 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 35 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 35 | ||
| Conclusions | 36 | ||
| References | 36 | ||
| Chapter 4: The Ablation of Atrial Tachycardia | 39 | ||
| Introduction | 39 | ||
| Focal Atrial Tachycardia | 39 | ||
| The Electrophysiological Study | 41 | ||
| References | 46 | ||
| Chapter 5: How to Ablate Atrial Tachycardias in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease | 47 | ||
| Introduction | 47 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 47 | ||
| Procedure | 49 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 56 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 56 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 57 | ||
| Conclusions | 57 | ||
| References | 57 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 58 | ||
| Chapter 6: How to Perform Radiofrequency Ablation and Cryoablation for AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia | 59 | ||
| Introduction | 59 | ||
| Preprocedural Preparation | 59 | ||
| Procedure | 60 | ||
| Electrophysiological Testing and Assessment: Pathophysiology of Dual AV Nodal Pathways | 60 | ||
| Mapping and Diagnosis | 60 | ||
| Slow-Fast | 61 | ||
| Slow-Slow | 61 | ||
| Fast-Slow | 62 | ||
| Left-Sided Variant | 62 | ||
| Ablation | 62 | ||
| Anatomic Approach | 64 | ||
| Energy Application | 64 | ||
| Endpoints for Ablation | 65 | ||
| Efficacy | 65 | ||
| Complications | 65 | ||
| Considerations in Children | 66 | ||
| Postprocedural Care | 66 | ||
| Conclusions | 66 | ||
| References | 66 | ||
| Chapter 7: Ablation of Left-Lateral Accessory Pathways | 69 | ||
| Introduction | 69 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 69 | ||
| Procedure | 70 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 71 | ||
| References | 73 | ||
| Chapter 8: Catheter Ablation of Accessory Pathways | 75 | ||
| Introduction | 75 | ||
| Catheter Mapping of Accessory Pathways | 75 | ||
| Catheter Ablation of APs | 78 | ||
| Epicardial Posteroseptal APs | 79 | ||
| References | 81 | ||
| Chapter 9: Right-Sided Accessory Pathways | 83 | ||
| Introduction | 83 | ||
| Classifications | 83 | ||
| General Considerations | 83 | ||
| Right Free-Wall Pathways | 84 | ||
| Anteroseptal Pathways | 85 | ||
| Midseptal Pathways | 86 | ||
| Posteroseptal Pathways | 86 | ||
| Mahaim Tachycardias | 87 | ||
| Permanent Junctional Reciprocating Tachycardia (PJRT) | 89 | ||
| New Techniques | 90 | ||
| How We Approach Right-Sided Pathways | 90 | ||
| References | 91 | ||
| Chapter 10: How to Diagnose, Map, and Ablate AVRT Due to Atriofascicular Conduction Fibers | 93 | ||
| Introduction | 93 | ||
| Surface Electrocardiogram | 93 | ||
| Electrophysiology Study | 94 | ||
| Techniques for Mapping and Ablation | 95 | ||
| Associated Findings | 96 | ||
| Conclusions | 96 | ||
| References | 96 | ||
| Chapter 11: How to Ablate Accessory Pathways in Patients with Ebstein’s Syndrome | 97 | ||
| Introduction | 97 | ||
| Anatomy of Ebstein’s Anomaly | 97 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 99 | ||
| Procedure | 101 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 106 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 107 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 107 | ||
| Conclusions | 107 | ||
| References | 107 | ||
| Video Description | 107 | ||
| Section II: Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation | 109 | ||
| Chapter 12: How to Perform a Transseptal Puncture | 111 | ||
| Introduction | 111 | ||
| Preprocedure Planning | 111 | ||
| Procedure | 111 | ||
| procedure Care | 117 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 117 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 118 | ||
| Conclusions | 118 | ||
| References | 118 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 119 | ||
| Chapter 13: How to Utilize ICE for Optimal Safety and Efficacy with Atrial Fibrillation Ablation | 121 | ||
| Introduction | 121 | ||
| Preprocedure Planning | 121 | ||
| Procedural Imaging | 123 | ||
| Postprocedural Care | 131 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 131 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 133 | ||
| Conclusions | 133 | ||
| References | 133 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 133 | ||
| Chapter 14: How to Perform Pulmonary Vein Antral Isolation for Atrial Fibrillation | 135 | ||
| Introduction | 135 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 135 | ||
| Procedure | 137 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 142 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 143 | ||
| Conclusions | 144 | ||
| References | 144 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 144 | ||
| Chapter 15: How to Utilize Noninvasive Guidance for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation | 145 | ||
| Introduction | 145 | ||
| Noninvasive Analysis of AF | 145 | ||
| Noninvasive AF-Mapping Technique | 145 | ||
| Distribution and Characteristics of Localized AF Drivers | 146 | ||
| Noninvasive Mapping-Guided Ablation | 147 | ||
| Single Procedural and Clinical Outcomes of Driver Ablation | 148 | ||
| Limitations and Promises | 149 | ||
| Conclusion | 150 | ||
| References | 150 | ||
| Chapter 16: How to Ablate Long-Standing Persisten tAtrial Fibrillation Using a Stepwise Approach: The Natale Approach | 153 | ||
| Introduction | 153 | ||
| Preprocedural Management | 153 | ||
| Anesthesia Protocol | 154 | ||
| Instrumentation for Electrophysiological Study | 154 | ||
| Pulmonary Vein Antral Isolation (PVAI) and Isolation of the SVC | 156 | ||
| Other Targets | 160 | ||
| Considerations for Patients Presenting for Repeat Procedure | 161 | ||
| Postprocedural Care and Follow-Up | 161 | ||
| References | 162 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 163 | ||
| Chapter 17: How to Use Balloon Cryoablation for Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation | 165 | ||
| Introduction | 165 | ||
| Preprocedure Planning | 165 | ||
| Procedure | 166 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 169 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 169 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 170 | ||
| Conclusions | 170 | ||
| References | 170 | ||
| Chapter 18: How to Perform Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using Laser Catheter Ablation | 173 | ||
| Background | 173 | ||
| Left Atrium Access and Balloon Deployment | 174 | ||
| Laser Ablation | 176 | ||
| Checking for PVI | 178 | ||
| Clinical Data | 179 | ||
| Summary | 179 | ||
| References | 179 | ||
| Video Description | 180 | ||
| How to Use the Radiofrequency Hot Balloon for Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation | 181 | ||
| Introduction | 181 | ||
| Radiofrequency Hot Balloon Design | 181 | ||
| Mechanism of Radiofrequency Hot Balloon Ablation | 182 | ||
| Clinical Ablation with the Radiofrequency Hot Balloon Catheter Ablation System | 183 | ||
| Clinical Studies | 185 | ||
| Conclusions | 187 | ||
| References | 187 | ||
| Chapter 20: How to Perform Ethanol Ablation of the Vein of Marshall | 189 | ||
| Introduction | 189 | ||
| Procedure | 189 | ||
| Risks of Ethanol Injection in the VOM | 192 | ||
| Conclusions | 192 | ||
| References | 192 | ||
| Video Description | 193 | ||
| Chapter 21: How to Ablate the Vein of Marshall | 195 | ||
| Introduction | 195 | ||
| The Anatomy of Ligament of Marshall | 195 | ||
| Electrophysiological Characteristics of the Marshall Bundle | 196 | ||
| Methods of Marshall Bundle Mapping | 198 | ||
| Catheter Ablation of the Marshall Bundle | 200 | ||
| Ethanol Ablation of the Marshall Bundle | 201 | ||
| Additional Implications for CatheterAblation of AF | 202 | ||
| References | 202 | ||
| Chapter 22: Diagnosis and Ablation of Atrial Tachycardias Arising in the Context of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation | 205 | ||
| Introduction | 205 | ||
| Incidence of Atrial Tachycardia After AF Ablation | 205 | ||
| Classification of Atrial Tachycardia | 206 | ||
| Mechanisms of Atrial Tachycardia | 206 | ||
| Drug Therapy | 206 | ||
| Locations of Atrial Tachycardia Circuits | 206 | ||
| Diagnosis | 208 | ||
| Catheter Ablation | 212 | ||
| Procedural Outcome and Prognosis | 213 | ||
| Prevention of AT | 213 | ||
| Conclusion | 213 | ||
| References | 213 | ||
| Chaper 23: How to Perform 3-Dimensional Entrainment Mapping to Treat Post–AF Ablation Atrial Tachycardia/AFL | 215 | ||
| Introduction | 215 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 215 | ||
| Procedure | 215 | ||
| Mapping | 217 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 218 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 219 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 219 | ||
| Conclusion | 221 | ||
| References | 221 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 221 | ||
| Chapter 24: Catheter Ablation of Autonomic Ganglionated Plexi in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation | 223 | ||
| Introduction | 223 | ||
| Localization of LA Ganglionated Plexi by Endocardial High-Frequency Stimulation | 225 | ||
| Catheter Ablation of LA Ganglionated Plexi | 226 | ||
| References | 228 | ||
| Chapter 25: How to Perform Rotor Mapping for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation | 231 | ||
| Introduction | 231 | ||
| Clinical Basis of FIRM-Guided Rotor Ablation | 232 | ||
| Mapping the Atria with Basket Catheters | 232 | ||
| Interpreting Spatial Maps of AF Activity | 235 | ||
| Method of FIRM-Guided Ablation | 236 | ||
| Endpoint of Rotor Ablation | 238 | ||
| Conclusions | 238 | ||
| References | 238 | ||
| Chapter 26: How to Utilize Frequency Analysis to Aid in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation | 243 | ||
| Introduction | 243 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning: Technological Considerations | 243 | ||
| Procedure | 246 | ||
| A Novel Method for Substrate Mapping in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Hilbert-Huang Transformation | 250 | ||
| Clinical Perspective | 251 | ||
| Limitations | 253 | ||
| Conclusions | 253 | ||
| References | 253 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 254 | ||
| Chapter 27: How to Use Electroanatomic Mapping to Rapidly Diagnose and Treat Post–AF Ablation Atrial Tachycardia and Flutter | 255 | ||
| Introduction | 255 | ||
| Preprocedure Planning | 255 | ||
| Mapping and Ablation of Postablation AT | 256 | ||
| LA Macroreentrant ATs | 258 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 267 | ||
| Procedural Outcomes | 268 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations ofActivation Mapping | 268 | ||
| Conclusions | 268 | ||
| References | 269 | ||
| Chapter 28: Utilization of the Hansen Robotic Catheter Navigation System: The Austin Approach | 271 | ||
| Introduction | 271 | ||
| Background | 271 | ||
| Description of the Hansen System | 272 | ||
| Transseptal Access | 274 | ||
| Robotic Navigation and Force Sensing Catheters | 276 | ||
| Ablation Lesion Sets | 276 | ||
| References | 277 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 278 | ||
| Chapter 29: Hybrid Minimal Invasive Epicardial and Transvenous Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation | 281 | ||
| Introduction | 281 | ||
| Anatomy | 282 | ||
| Hybrid Procedure | 282 | ||
| Ablation Devices | 284 | ||
| Complications | 284 | ||
| Patient Selection | 284 | ||
| Anticoagulation and Antiarrhythmic Drugs | 285 | ||
| Early Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation | 286 | ||
| Atrial Tachycardias | 286 | ||
| Clinical Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials | 287 | ||
| Conclusions | 287 | ||
| References | 287 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 287 | ||
| Chapter 30: How to Perform Accurate Image Registration with Electroanatomic Mapping Systems | 289 | ||
| Introduction | 289 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 290 | ||
| Procedure | 290 | ||
| Registration | 292 | ||
| Factors Affecting Integration Error | 293 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 294 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 294 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 294 | ||
| Conclusions | 294 | ||
| References | 295 | ||
| Chapter 31: How to Perform Atrial Fibrillation Ablation without the Use of Fluoroscopy | 297 | ||
| Introduction | 297 | ||
| Required Equipment | 297 | ||
| Preprocedure Preparation | 298 | ||
| Procedure | 299 | ||
| Discussion | 302 | ||
| Conclusion | 306 | ||
| References | 306 | ||
| Video Description | 307 | ||
| Section III: Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia | 309 | ||
| Chapter 32: How to Localize Ventricular Tachycardia Using a 12-Lead ECG | 311 | ||
| Introduction | 311 | ||
| Bundle Branch Reentrant Ventricular Tachycardia | 311 | ||
| Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease | 312 | ||
| Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardias | 316 | ||
| ECG Characteristics of Epicardial Ventricular Tachycardias | 318 | ||
| Conclusion | 319 | ||
| References | 320 | ||
| Chapter 33: How to Diagnose and Ablate Ventricular Tachycardia from the Outflow Tract and Aortic Cusps | 323 | ||
| Introduction | 323 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 323 | ||
| Procedure | 325 | ||
| Postprocedural Care | 331 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 331 | ||
| Conclusions | 332 | ||
| References | 332 | ||
| Chapter 34: How to Diagnose and Ablate Ventricular Tachycardia from the Papillary Muscles | 335 | ||
| Introduction | 335 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 335 | ||
| Procedure | 337 | ||
| Complications | 341 | ||
| Postablation Care | 341 | ||
| References | 341 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 342 | ||
| Chapter 35: How to Ablate Non-Outflow Right Ventricular Tachycardia | 343 | ||
| Introduction | 343 | ||
| Preprocedure Planning | 343 | ||
| Mapping and Ablation | 343 | ||
| Cardiac Crux-Coronary Venous | 350 | ||
| Potential Complications | 352 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 352 | ||
| Conclusion | 352 | ||
| References | 352 | ||
| Chapter 36: How to Map and Ablate Parahisian Ventricular Arrhythmias | 355 | ||
| Introduction | 355 | ||
| Anatomy | 355 | ||
| Electrocardiographic Characteristics | 356 | ||
| Mapping and Ablation | 357 | ||
| Outcomes and Complications of Catheter Ablation | 361 | ||
| Cryoablation | 361 | ||
| Conclusion | 362 | ||
| References | 362 | ||
| Chapter 37: How to Ablate Ventricular Tachycardia from the Left Ventricular Summit | 363 | ||
| Introduction | 363 | ||
| Anatomic Landmarks | 363 | ||
| Electrocardiographic Features | 363 | ||
| How to Map LVS VAs | 365 | ||
| Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of LVS VAs | 368 | ||
| Outcomes of Catheter Ablation of LVS Arrhythmias | 369 | ||
| Potential Complications | 369 | ||
| Alternative Approaches and Future Directions | 369 | ||
| Summary | 370 | ||
| References | 370 | ||
| Chapter 38: How to Diagnose and Ablate Fascicular Ventricular Tachycardia | 373 | ||
| Introduction | 373 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 373 | ||
| Procedure | 374 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 381 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 381 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 381 | ||
| Conclusions | 383 | ||
| References | 383 | ||
| Chapter 39: How to Map and Ablate Hemodynamically Tolerated Ventricular Tachycardias | 385 | ||
| Introduction | 385 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 385 | ||
| Evaluation of Cardiac Function and Wall Motion | 386 | ||
| Procedure | 387 | ||
| Substrate Mapping | 390 | ||
| Mapping During Hemodynamically Stable VT | 393 | ||
| Ablation | 400 | ||
| Future Development | 402 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 403 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 403 | ||
| Conclusion | 403 | ||
| References | 403 | ||
| Chapter 40: How to Map and Ablate Unstable Ventricular Tachycardia:The University of Colorado and University of Pennsylvania Approach | 407 | ||
| Introduction | 407 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 407 | ||
| Procedure | 408 | ||
| Epicardial Mapping | 412 | ||
| Ablation | 413 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 415 | ||
| Follow-Up | 416 | ||
| Repeat Ablations | 416 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 416 | ||
| Conclusions | 416 | ||
| References | 417 | ||
| Chapter 41: How to Map and Ablate Unstable Ventricular Tachycardia: The Brigham Approach | 419 | ||
| Introduction | 419 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 419 | ||
| Procedure | 420 | ||
| Ablation | 424 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 425 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 426 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 426 | ||
| Conclusions | 426 | ||
| References | 427 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 427 | ||
| Chapter 42: How to Map and Ablate Ventricular Tachycardia Using Delayed Potential in Sinus Rhythm | 429 | ||
| Introduction | 429 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 430 | ||
| Procedure | 430 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 435 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 436 | ||
| Conclusions | 437 | ||
| References | 437 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 438 | ||
| Chapter 43: How to Utilize Electroanatomical Mapping to Identify Critical Channels for Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation | 439 | ||
| Introduction | 439 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 439 | ||
| Procedure | 441 | ||
| Future Development | 449 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 450 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 450 | ||
| Limitations | 450 | ||
| Summary | 451 | ||
| References | 451 | ||
| Chapter 44: How to Use ICE to Aid in Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia | 455 | ||
| Introduction | 455 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 455 | ||
| Procedure | 456 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 465 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 465 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 466 | ||
| Conclusions | 467 | ||
| References | 467 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 467 | ||
| Chapter 45: How to Perform an Epicardial Access | 469 | ||
| Introduction | 469 | ||
| Before Scheduling the Pericardial Space Access | 469 | ||
| Preventing Complications | 470 | ||
| How to Manage Pericardial Access Complications | 475 | ||
| Conclusion | 476 | ||
| References | 477 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 477 | ||
| Chapter 46: Transcoronary Ethanol Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia | 479 | ||
| Introduction | 479 | ||
| Preprocedural Preparation | 480 | ||
| Intraoperative Requirements | 481 | ||
| Procedure | 481 | ||
| Complications and Safety | 483 | ||
| Conclusions | 485 | ||
| References | 485 | ||
| Chapter 47: How to Perform Epicardial Ablation in Postcardiac Surgery Patients | 487 | ||
| Introduction | 487 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 490 | ||
| Complications | 491 | ||
| Conclusion | 492 | ||
| References | 492 | ||
| Chapter 48: How to Perform Endocardial/Epicardial Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation | 493 | ||
| Introduction | 493 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 493 | ||
| Procedure | 494 | ||
| Follow-Up | 503 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 504 | ||
| Conclusion | 504 | ||
| References | 504 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 505 | ||
| Chapter 49: How to Ablate Ventricular Fibrillation Arising from the Structurally Normal Heart | 507 | ||
| Introduction | 507 | ||
| What Do We Know About VF? | 507 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning for VF Ablation | 508 | ||
| Procedure | 509 | ||
| Follow-Up After VF Ablation | 511 | ||
| References | 513 | ||
| Chapter 50: How to Ablate Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease | 515 | ||
| Introduction | 515 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 515 | ||
| Procedure | 518 | ||
| Postprocedure Care | 527 | ||
| Procedural Complications | 528 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 528 | ||
| Conclusions | 528 | ||
| References | 529 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 530 | ||
| Chapter 51: Mapping and Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia Associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy | 531 | ||
| Introduction | 531 | ||
| References | 537 | ||
| Chapter 52: How to Ablate Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia | 539 | ||
| Introduction | 539 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning | 541 | ||
| Ablation Procedure | 543 | ||
| Prevention and Management of Procedural Complications | 547 | ||
| Postprocedural Care | 548 | ||
| Patient Follow-Up | 548 | ||
| Conclusions | 549 | ||
| References | 549 | ||
| Video Description | 551 | ||
| Chapter 53: How to Ablate Ventricular Tachycardia/Ventricular Fibrillation in Patients with the Brugada Syndrome | 553 | ||
| Introduction | 553 | ||
| The Trigger Approach | 553 | ||
| The Substrate Approach | 555 | ||
| Conclusions | 560 | ||
| References | 560 | ||
| Chapter 54: How to Perform Surgical Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in a Hybrid Lab | 563 | ||
| Introduction | 563 | ||
| Rationale and Indications | 563 | ||
| Pericardial Adhesions | 563 | ||
| Failed Ablation Via Percutaneous Approach | 564 | ||
| Choice of Surgical Approach | 565 | ||
| Preprocedural Planning and Tools | 569 | ||
| Conclusions | 570 | ||
| References | 571 | ||
| Chapter 55: How to Use Pace Mapping to Identify the Critical Isthmus | 573 | ||
| Introduction | 573 | ||
| Technical Aspects of Pace Mapping | 573 | ||
| Characteristics of Pace Mapping Along Postinfarct VT Isthmuses | 574 | ||
| How to Use Pace Mapping for the Delineation of a Postinfarct VT Isthmus | 576 | ||
| Limitations | 580 | ||
| Summary | 580 | ||
| References | 580 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 581 | ||
| Chapter 56: How to Ablate Scar-Related Ventricular Tachycardia Using Isochronal Late Activation Mapping | 583 | ||
| Introduction | 583 | ||
| Background | 583 | ||
| General Procedural Approach | 584 | ||
| Creation of Isochronal Late Activation Map | 584 | ||
| Advantages and Limitations | 585 | ||
| Conclusions | 588 | ||
| References | 589 | ||
| Chapter 57: How to Use Ventricular Assist Devices to Facilitate Ablation of Hemodynamically Unstable Ventricular Tachycardia | 591 | ||
| Introduction | 591 | ||
| Patient Selection | 591 | ||
| Percutaneous Hemodynamic Support Devices | 592 | ||
| Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump Counterpulsation | 592 | ||
| Hemodynamic Assessment During Ablation | 596 | ||
| Complications | 599 | ||
| Conclusion | 600 | ||
| References | 600 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 601 | ||
| Section IV: Miscellaneous Procedures | 603 | ||
| Chapter 58: How to Implant a Watchman Device | 605 | ||
| Introduction | 605 | ||
| Venous Access and Transseptal Puncture | 607 | ||
| Selection of Device Size and Device Preparation | 608 | ||
| Venous Closure and Postprocedure Management | 610 | ||
| Complications | 610 | ||
| References | 611 | ||
| Video Descriptions | 612 | ||
| Chapter 59: How to Close the Left Atrial Appendage Using Endocardial and Epicardial Approach | 613 | ||
| Introduction | 613 | ||
| LARIAT | 613 | ||
| Watchman | 620 | ||
| Other LAA Closure Devices | 625 | ||
| Conclusion | 627 | ||
| References | 627 | ||
| Index | 629 |