Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Learn to deliver the best patient care before, during, and after surgery with Surgical Technology: Principles and Practice, 7th Edition. Within its pages you’ll find comprehensive coverage of all the updated AST Core Curriculum components — including all aspects of health care sciences; technological sciences; patient care concepts; preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care; surgical procedures; and professional practice. But what you won’t find in any other surg tech book is an incredibly reader-friendly approach featuring conversational, mentor-like guidance and loads of full-color pictures and illustrations. You’ll also have an abundance of helpful learning features at your disposal — like case studies, review questions, and online learning activities — that will help you easily master important concepts and apply that learning to professional practice. No other surgical technology text better prepares you for the challenges of professional practice!
- Comprehensive coverage addresses all areas of the AST Core Curriculum for Surgical Technology.
- Reader-friendly writing style and organization utilizes a mentoring approach to present content within the building blocks of fundamentals, aseptic technique, the role and function of the surgical technologist, and surgical procedures.
- Consistent chapter format breaks down each surgical procedure in an easy-to-understand way making it easy for students to comprehend the key elements of more than 70 procedures.
- Experienced author/consulting editor team lends a breadth of experience for a well-rounded view of life in the operating room and multiple perspective focused on quality patient care.
- Over 1,200 full-color illustrations and clinical photos bring concepts and procedures to life.
- Robust practice opportunities include review questions and case studies at the end of each chapter along with crosswords, additional review questions, and surgical practice videos found on the Evolve companion website.
- Learning objectives serve as checkpoints for comprehension and as study tools in preparation for examinations.
- Key terminology appears in boldface and in color within chapter discussions and are defined and cross-referenced to chapters in a back-of-book glossary.
- Key concepts are covered in a bulleted list at the end of each chapter discussion to summarize and rephrase chapter concepts.
- References and bibliographies provide a listing of in-text and additional citations of scientific research.
- Pathology appendix summarizes the most commonly seen pathological processes and organizes them by body system.
- Website mentions are highlighted within the text to draw readers’ attention to available videos in the Evolve Resources and suggested websites to visit for additional information on content covered.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front cover | Cover | ||
| Evolve | IFC | ||
| You’ve just purchased more than a textbook! | IFC | ||
| Front matter | iii | ||
| Surgical technology: Principles and practice | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| Contributors/reviewers | v | ||
| Contributors | v | ||
| Reviewers | v | ||
| Preface | vii | ||
| Acknowledgements | xi | ||
| Table of Contents | xiii | ||
| Surgical Technology Principles | 1 | ||
| 1 The surgical technologist | 1 | ||
| Learning objectives | 1 | ||
| Terminology | 1 | ||
| Reference | 9 | ||
| Bibliography | 9 | ||
| 2 Communication teamwork and professionalism | 10 | ||
| Learning objectives | 10 | ||
| Terminology | 10 | ||
| Bibliography | 29 | ||
| 3 Law, documentation, and professional ethics | 30 | ||
| Learning objectives | 30 | ||
| Terminology | 30 | ||
| References | 50 | ||
| Bibliography | 50 | ||
| 4 The health care facility | 51 | ||
| Learning objectives | 51 | ||
| Terminology | 51 | ||
| Section I: The perioperative environment | 53 | ||
| Principles of operating room design | 53 | ||
| Infection control | 53 | ||
| Environmental safety | 53 | ||
| Efficiency | 53 | ||
| Traffic patterns | 53 | ||
| Unrestricted area | 54 | ||
| Semirestricted area | 54 | ||
| Sterile or restricted area | 54 | ||
| Operating room floor plans | 54 | ||
| The surgical suite | 55 | ||
| Equipment and furniture | 55 | ||
| Special procedure room | 57 | ||
| Environmental controls and systems | 57 | ||
| Airflow and ventilation | 57 | ||
| Humidity and temperature | 57 | ||
| Lighting | 57 | ||
| Gases | 57 | ||
| Electricity | 58 | ||
| Work areas | 58 | ||
| Surgical offices | 58 | ||
| Locker room/lounge area | 58 | ||
| Preoperative patient care area | 58 | ||
| Scrub sinks | 58 | ||
| Substerile room | 58 | ||
| Sterile instrument room | 59 | ||
| Equipment storage | 59 | ||
| Utility workroom and decontamination area | 59 | ||
| Clean processing area | 59 | ||
| Anesthesia department | 59 | ||
| Postanesthesia care unit | 59 | ||
| Surgery waiting area | 59 | ||
| Integrated operating room systems | 59 | ||
| Section II: Health care facility departments and functions | 60 | ||
| Team approach to patient care | 60 | ||
| Pathology | 60 | ||
| Nuclear medicine and interventional radiology | 60 | ||
| Infection control | 60 | ||
| Biomedical engineering | 60 | ||
| Materials management | 60 | ||
| Central supply | 60 | ||
| Pharmacy | 61 | ||
| Laboratory | 62 | ||
| Blood bank | 62 | ||
| Risk management department | 62 | ||
| Communication systems | 62 | ||
| Medical records | 62 | ||
| Facilities maintenance | 62 | ||
| Environmental services | 62 | ||
| Security | 63 | ||
| Nutritional services | 63 | ||
| Section III: Health care administration | 63 | ||
| Health care providers | 63 | ||
| Health care financing | 63 | ||
| Government assistance | 63 | ||
| Private insurance | 63 | ||
| Payment systems | 63 | ||
| Management structure | 64 | ||
| Chain of command | 64 | ||
| Staff roles | 64 | ||
| Personnel policy | 64 | ||
| Perioperative professionals | 65 | ||
| Surgeon | 65 | ||
| Assistant surgeon | 65 | ||
| Anesthesia provider | 65 | ||
| Perioperative registered nurse | 65 | ||
| Physician assistant | 65 | ||
| Licensed practical nurse | 65 | ||
| Certified surgical technologist | 65 | ||
| Certified surgical technologist–certified surgical first assistant | 65 | ||
| Certified surgical assistant or nonphysician surgical assistant | 65 | ||
| Certified anesthesia technologist | 65 | ||
| Operating room educator | 66 | ||
| Surgical orderly or aide | 66 | ||
| Central sterile processing technician | 66 | ||
| Patient care technician | 66 | ||
| Ancillary technical staff | 66 | ||
| Radiology | 66 | ||
| Electroencephalogram technician | 66 | ||
| Medical industry representative | 66 | ||
| Cardiovascular perfusionist | 66 | ||
| Administrative personnel | 66 | ||
| Health care facility management | 66 | ||
| Chief operational officer | 66 | ||
| Director of surgical services/operating room supervisor | 67 | ||
| Perioperative nurse manager | 67 | ||
| Unit clerk/secretary | 67 | ||
| Key concepts | 67 | ||
| Review questions | 67 | ||
| Case studies | 68 | ||
| Case 1 | 68 | ||
| Case 2 | 68 | ||
| Case 3 | 68 | ||
| Reference | 68 | ||
| Bibliography | 68 | ||
| 5 The patient | 69 | ||
| Learning objectives | 69 | ||
| Terminology | 69 | ||
| Reference | 81 | ||
| Bibliography | 81 | ||
| 6 Diagnostic and assessment procedures | 82 | ||
| Learning objectives | 82 | ||
| Terminology | 82 | ||
| Bibliography | 99 | ||
| 7 Environmental hazards | 100 | ||
| Learning objectives | 100 | ||
| Terminology | 100 | ||
| References | 101 | ||
| Bibliography | 106 | ||
| 8 Microbes and the process of infection | 121 | ||
| Learning objectives | 121 | ||
| Terminology | 121 | ||
| Bibliography | 145 | ||
| 9 The principles and practice of aseptic technique | 146 | ||
| Learning objectives | 146 | ||
| Terminology | 146 | ||
| Bibliography | 173 | ||
| 10 Decontamination, sterilization, and disinfection | 179 | ||
| Learning objectives | 179 | ||
| Terminology | 179 | ||
| Bibliography | 205 | ||
| 11 Surgical instruments | 206 | ||
| Learning objectives | 206 | ||
| Terminology | 206 | ||
| Bibliography | 227 | ||
| 12 Perioperative pharmacology | 228 | ||
| Learning objectives | 228 | ||
| Terminology | 228 | ||
| Section I: Pharmacology basics | 229 | ||
| Sources of drugs | 229 | ||
| Drug information resources | 230 | ||
| Regulation of drugs, substances, and devices | 230 | ||
| Prescription and over-the-counter drugs | 230 | ||
| Herbal remedies and food supplements | 231 | ||
| Controlled substances | 231 | ||
| Pregnancy categories | 231 | ||
| Drug nomenclature | 231 | ||
| Generic name | 231 | ||
| Trade (proprietary) name | 232 | ||
| Chemical name | 232 | ||
| Drug labels | 232 | ||
| Drug formats | 232 | ||
| How drugs work | 234 | ||
| Pharmacokinetics | 234 | ||
| Pharmacodynamics | 235 | ||
| Therapeutic window | 235 | ||
| Unit systems of measurement | 236 | ||
| Metric system | 236 | ||
| Apothecary system | 236 | ||
| The international unit | 237 | ||
| Roman numerals | 237 | ||
| International time | 237 | ||
| Devices for drug preparation and delivery | 237 | ||
| Syringes | 237 | ||
| Historical highlights | 239 | ||
| Needles | 239 | ||
| Dispensers, tubing, and pumps | 239 | ||
| Drug packaging | 241 | ||
| Section II: The medication process | 243 | ||
| Prescriptions and drug orders | 243 | ||
| Selection of drugs | 244 | ||
| Drug preparation and transfer to the surgical field | 244 | ||
| Guideline for drug transfer | 244 | ||
| Preparing drugs on the sterile field | 245 | ||
| Labeling | 245 | ||
| Measuring and mixing drugs on the sterile field | 245 | ||
| Transferring a drug to the surgeon | 246 | ||
| Drug administration | 246 | ||
| Assessment | 247 | ||
| Adverse reaction to a drug | 247 | ||
| Drug allergy | 247 | ||
| Documentation | 248 | ||
| Section III: Preventing drug errors | 248 | ||
| Section IV: Surgical drugs | 250 | ||
| Local anesthetics | 250 | ||
| Blood and blood derivatives | 250 | ||
| Blood and blood products | 251 | ||
| Hemostatic agents | 251 | ||
| The physiology of coagulation | 251 | ||
| Active hemostats | 252 | ||
| Mechanical hemostatic agents | 252 | ||
| Absorbable gelatin | 252 | ||
| Oxidized cellulose | 252 | ||
| Collagen absorbable hemostat | 252 | ||
| Bone hemostat | 254 | ||
| Flowable hemostats and adhesives | 254 | ||
| Anticoagulants and thrombolytic | 254 | ||
| Heparins | 254 | ||
| Warfarin (coumadin) | 254 | ||
| Thrombolytic | 254 | ||
| Central nervous system agents | 254 | ||
| Anesthetics | 255 | ||
| Inhalation anesthetics | 255 | ||
| Neuromuscular blocking agents | 256 | ||
| Analgesics | 256 | ||
| Opiates | 256 | ||
| Non-opiate analgesics | 257 | ||
| Sedatives and hypnotics | 257 | ||
| Dissociative anesthesia | 257 | ||
| Barbiturates | 257 | ||
| Benzodiazepines | 257 | ||
| Contrast media | 257 | ||
| Colored dyes and stains | 258 | ||
| Antiinfective agents | 258 | ||
| Penicillin | 259 | ||
| Cephalosporins | 259 | ||
| Macrolides | 259 | ||
| Lincosamide, vancomycin, and ketolides | 259 | ||
| Tetracycline | 259 | ||
| Aminoglycosides | 259 | ||
| Quinolones | 259 | ||
| Sulfonamides | 259 | ||
| Antifungals | 259 | ||
| Antineoplastic agents | 260 | ||
| Drugs that affect the autonomic nervous system | 260 | ||
| Anticholinergics | 260 | ||
| Adrenergics | 260 | ||
| Fluid balance and electrolytes | 261 | ||
| Chrystalloids | 261 | ||
| Colloids | 261 | ||
| Irrigation fluids | 261 | ||
| Ophthalmic drugs | 261 | ||
| Cardiac drugs | 264 | ||
| Diuretics | 264 | ||
| Gastrointestinal drugs | 264 | ||
| Histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton-pump inhibitors | 264 | ||
| Antacids | 264 | ||
| Antiemetic agents | 265 | ||
| Hormones and synthetic substitutes | 265 | ||
| Corticosteroids | 265 | ||
| Antidiabetic drugs | 265 | ||
| Prostaglandins | 265 | ||
| Drugs used in obstetrics | 265 | ||
| Gonadal steroids | 265 | ||
| Emergency drugs | 265 | ||
| Key concepts | 266 | ||
| Review questions | 266 | ||
| Case studies | 266 | ||
| Case 1 | 266 | ||
| Case 2 | 267 | ||
| Reference | 267 | ||
| Bibliography | 267 | ||
| 13 Anesthesia and physiological monitoring | 268 | ||
| Learning objectives | 268 | ||
| Terminology | 268 | ||
| References | 293 | ||
| Bibliography | 294 | ||
| 14 Postanesthesia recovery | 295 | ||
| Learning objectives | 295 | ||
| Terminology | 295 | ||
| Bibliography | 304 | ||
| 15 Death and dying | 305 | ||
| Learning objectives | 305 | ||
| Terminology | 305 | ||
| Bibliography | 312 | ||
| 16 Physics and information technology | 313 | ||
| Learning objectives | 313 | ||
| Terminology | 313 | ||
| Section I: Physics | 314 | ||
| Matter | 314 | ||
| Atomic structure | 314 | ||
| Elements and molecules | 315 | ||
| States of matter | 316 | ||
| Electromagnetic radiation | 316 | ||
| Electricity | 316 | ||
| Nature of electricity | 317 | ||
| Magnetism and electricity | 317 | ||
| Conductivity | 317 | ||
| Static electricity | 317 | ||
| Electrical circuits | 318 | ||
| Light | 319 | ||
| Sight | 319 | ||
| Refraction | 319 | ||
| Reflection | 319 | ||
| Coherence | 319 | ||
| Lenses | 319 | ||
| Heat | 320 | ||
| Sound | 321 | ||
| Doppler effect | 321 | ||
| Section II: Information technology | 321 | ||
| Computers in the perioperative environment | 321 | ||
| Computer learning tools | 321 | ||
| How computers work | 322 | ||
| Computer terms and language | 322 | ||
| Hardware (physical components) | 322 | ||
| Computer software | 322 | ||
| Operating system | 323 | ||
| Computer programs | 323 | ||
| Basic computer use | 323 | ||
| Computer motor skills | 323 | ||
| Elementary operations | 323 | ||
| Files and folders | 324 | ||
| Windows | 324 | ||
| Toolbar | 324 | ||
| Menu | 324 | ||
| Scrolling | 324 | ||
| Word processing | 324 | ||
| Graphics | 325 | ||
| Saving data | 325 | ||
| Printing documents | 325 | ||
| Computer networks | 326 | ||
| Navigating the internet | 326 | ||
| 326 | |||
| Key concepts | 327 | ||
| Review questions | 327 | ||
| Case studies | 327 | ||
| Case 1 | 327 | ||
| Case 2 | 327 | ||
| Bibliography | 327 | ||
| 17 Energy sources in surgery | 328 | ||
| Learning objectives | 328 | ||
| Terminology | 328 | ||
| Bibliography | 339 | ||
| 18 Moving, handling, and positioning the surgical patient | 344 | ||
| Learning objectives | 344 | ||
| Terminology | 344 | ||
| Section I: Transport and transfers | 345 | ||
| Patient identification | 345 | ||
| Examples for verbal patient identification | 345 | ||
| Safety first | 346 | ||
| Communication and teamwork count | 346 | ||
| Transport by gurney | 347 | ||
| Performing assisted lateral transfers | 349 | ||
| Performing the log roll and assisted lateral transfer | 350 | ||
| Wheelchair transferring and transport | 351 | ||
| Safety guidelines for wheelchair transport | 352 | ||
| Assisting a patient from bed to wheelchair | 352 | ||
| Sitting to standing position | 353 | ||
| Standing position to wheelchair | 353 | ||
| Wheelchair to bed | 353 | ||
| Assisting an ambulatory patient | 354 | ||
| Assisting a falling patient | 354 | ||
| Special patient populations | 354 | ||
| Pediatric patients | 354 | ||
| Hearing- or sight-impaired patients | 355 | ||
| Bariatric patients | 355 | ||
| Patients in police custody | 356 | ||
| Section II: Positioning the surgical patient | 356 | ||
| Principles of safe positioning | 356 | ||
| Role of the surgical technologist in positioning | 356 | ||
| Patient safety during positioning | 356 | ||
| Normal range of motion | 357 | ||
| Potential patient injuries | 357 | ||
| General operating table | 360 | ||
| Positioning AIDS | 361 | ||
| Surgical positions | 362 | ||
| Supine (dorsal recumbent) | 362 | ||
| Trendelenburg | 362 | ||
| Reverse trendelenburg | 362 | ||
| Lithotomy | 362 | ||
| Modified fowler | 366 | ||
| Lateral decubitus | 367 | ||
| The orthopedic table | 368 | ||
| Prone | 368 | ||
| Jackknife (kraske) position | 369 | ||
| Spinal table | 370 | ||
| Key concepts | 370 | ||
| Review questions | 371 | ||
| Case studies | 371 | ||
| Case 1 | 371 | ||
| Case 2 | 371 | ||
| Case 3 | 371 | ||
| Case 4 | 371 | ||
| Case 5 | 371 | ||
| Bibliography | 371 | ||
| 19 Surgical skin prep and draping | 372 | ||
| Learning objectives | 372 | ||
| Terminology | 372 | ||
| Bibliography | 399 | ||
| 20 Case planning and intraoperative routines | 400 | ||
| Learning objectives | 400 | ||
| Terminology | 400 | ||
| References | 414 | ||
| Bibliography | 426 | ||
| 21 Management of the surgical wound | 427 | ||
| Learning objectives | 427 | ||
| Terminology | 427 | ||
| Bibliography | 464 | ||
| 22 Minimally invasive endoscopic and robotic surgery | 465 | ||
| Learning objectives | 465 | ||
| Terminology | 465 | ||
| Section I: Minimally invasive surgery | 466 | ||
| Technology and techniques | 466 | ||
| Imaging system | 466 | ||
| Light source and fiberoptic cable | 466 | ||
| Rigid telescope | 468 | ||
| Video camera | 469 | ||
| Camera head | 469 | ||
| Camera control unit | 470 | ||
| Video cables | 470 | ||
| Documentation system | 470 | ||
| Monitor | 471 | ||
| Equipment cart | 471 | ||
| Integrated operating room | 471 | ||
| Trocar-cannula system | 471 | ||
| Enhancing visualization during mis | 473 | ||
| Insufflation | 473 | ||
| Continuous irrigation and fluid distention | 473 | ||
| Balloon dissection | 473 | ||
| Specimen retrieval | 474 | ||
| Hemostasis and tissue approximation | 475 | ||
| Mis instruments | 476 | ||
| Care of mis instruments | 476 | ||
| Intraoperative care | 478 | ||
| Specialty telescopes | 478 | ||
| Energy sources in mis | 478 | ||
| Electrosurgical risks | 479 | ||
| Insulation failure | 479 | ||
| Direct and capacitative coupling | 479 | ||
| Risk reduction and prevention | 479 | ||
| Ultrasonic energy | 479 | ||
| High-frequency bipolar electrosurgery | 479 | ||
| Laser | 479 | ||
| Preoperative preparation | 480 | ||
| Patient positioning | 480 | ||
| Skin prep and draping | 480 | ||
| Maintaining patient normothermia | 480 | ||
| Surgical setup for mis | 480 | ||
| Conversion to an open case | 480 | ||
| Section II: Flexible endoscopy | 481 | ||
| Principles | 481 | ||
| Equipment used in flexible endoscopy | 481 | ||
| Flexible endoscope | 481 | ||
| Imaging system | 481 | ||
| Technique | 481 | ||
| Reprocessing endoscopes and instruments | 482 | ||
| Protocols and standards | 482 | ||
| Precleaning of rigid endoscopes | 482 | ||
| Guidelines for precleaning instruments | 482 | ||
| Precleaning optical parts and lenses | 482 | ||
| Flexible endoscope reprocessing | 482 | ||
| Disinfection and sterilization | 483 | ||
| Section III: Robotic surgery | 483 | ||
| Robotic movement | 483 | ||
| Classification of robots | 484 | ||
| Da vinci surgical system | 484 | ||
| Advantages and disadvantages of robotic surgery | 484 | ||
| Advantages | 484 | ||
| Disadvantages | 484 | ||
| Training for robotics | 485 | ||
| Robotic training topics and methods | 485 | ||
| Components of the robotic system: Structure and purpose | 485 | ||
| Patient cart | 486 | ||
| Base and power drive | 486 | ||
| Setup joints | 486 | ||
| Patient cart arms | 486 | ||
| Monitor | 487 | ||
| Da vinci instruments | 487 | ||
| Instrument design and type | 487 | ||
| Classification of robotic instruments | 487 | ||
| Reprocessing | 487 | ||
| Online resources for reprocessing | 487 | ||
| Surgeon’s console | 487 | ||
| Vision system | 487 | ||
| Components | 487 | ||
| Setup and sequence for robotic surgery | 489 | ||
| Room setup | 489 | ||
| Sequence of operation | 490 | ||
| Special roles of the surgical team | 490 | ||
| Surgeon | 490 | ||
| Surgical assistant | 490 | ||
| Surgical technologist | 490 | ||
| Circulator and robotics coordinator | 490 | ||
| Key concepts | 491 | ||
| Review questions | 491 | ||
| Case studies | 491 | ||
| Case 1 | 491 | ||
| Case 2 | 492 | ||
| Bibliography | 492 | ||
| Surgical Technology Practice | 493 | ||
| 23 General surgery | 493 | ||
| Learning objectives | 493 | ||
| Terminology | 493 | ||
| Section I: The abdomen | 494 | ||
| Structure and regions of the abdomen | 494 | ||
| Abdominal tissue layers | 494 | ||
| Inguinal region | 496 | ||
| Abdominal incisions | 497 | ||
| General surgery instruments | 497 | ||
| Hernia repair | 503 | ||
| Case planning | 503 | ||
| Open repair of an indirect inguinal hernia | 504 | ||
| Pathology | 504 | ||
| APPENDIX A Common pathology by system | 1027 | ||
| APPENDIX B Drugs and substances associated with surgery | 1034 | ||
| APPENDIX C Math review | 1041 | ||
| APPENDIX D Screen shots for introduction to computers | 1049 | ||
| Glossary | 1053 | ||
| Index | 1069 | ||
| A | 1069 | ||
| B | 1071 | ||
| C | 1072 | ||
| D | 1075 | ||
| E | 1077 | ||
| F | 1079 | ||
| G | 1080 | ||
| H | 1081 | ||
| I | 1082 | ||
| J | 1084 | ||
| K | 1084 | ||
| L | 1084 | ||
| M | 1085 | ||
| N | 1087 | ||
| O | 1087 | ||
| P | 1088 | ||
| Q | 1091 | ||
| R | 1091 | ||
| S | 1092 | ||
| T | 1096 | ||
| U | 1097 | ||
| V | 1097 | ||
| W | 1099 | ||
| X | 1099 | ||
| Y | 1099 | ||
| Z | 1099 | ||
| Surgical procedures | ES3 | ||
| Chapter 23 general surgery | ES3 | ||
| Chapter 24 gynecological and obstetrical surgery | ES3 | ||
| Chapter 25 genitourinary surgery | ES3 | ||
| Chapter 26 ophthalmic surgery | ES3 | ||
| Chapter 27 surgery of the ear, nose, pharynx, and larynx | ES3 | ||
| Chapter 28 oral and maxillofacial surgery | ES3 | ||
| Chapter 29 plastic and reconstructive surgery | ES3 | ||
| Chapter 30 orthopedic surgery | ES4 | ||
| Chapter 31 peripheral vascular surgery | ES4 | ||
| Chapter 32 thoracic and pulmonary surgery | ES4 | ||
| Chapter 33 cardiac surgery | ES4 | ||
| Chapter 34 pediatric surgery | ES4 | ||
| Chapter 35 neurosurgery | ES4 |