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In Defense of Reading

In Defense of Reading

Sarah E. Worth

(2017)

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Book Details

Abstract

Why should we read? We assume that reading is good for us, but often we cannot articulate exactly what it does for us. In this fascinating book, Sarah Worth addresses from a philosophical perspective the many ways in which reading benefits us morally, socially, and cognitively.

Worth leads her readers through the subtle questions of the ways in which we understand fiction, nonfiction, and the overlap and blending of other genre distinctions. Ultimately she argues that reading, hearing, and telling well-told stories is of the utmost importance in developing a healthy sense of personal identity, a greater sense of narrative coherence, and an increased ability to make different kinds of inferences. Engaging classical philosophical questions in the contemporary landscape of educational literacy and the inclusion of fiction in a classroom curriculum, Worth demonstrates how our hyper-focus on genre distinctions moves us away from a real engagement with narrative understanding and narrative comprehension.
Worth’s book will hopefully enjoy a large readership far beyond the circles of professional aestheticians. It presents a rich and carefully laid out defense of the importance of reading. It serves as an apt reminder of how rewarding experiences of thoughtful engagements with literature can be, and how important such moments of silent concentration are in our increasingly technological world where we are expected to be continuously online.
Sarah E. Worth is Professor of Philosophy at Furman University. She has published widely on aesthetics and the philosophy of literature, including articles in Contemporary Aesthetics, Philosophy and the Contemporary World, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, Journal of Aesthetic Education and the British Journal of Aesthetics.
Worth offers a splendid defense not just of reading, but of reading for pleasure. She does this with an eye to challenging the recent obsession with concrete demonstrations of usefulness in academic curricula, something that has cast doubt on the significance of literature inside and outside the academy. The book offers a cogent criticism of such attitudes.
Eva Dadlez, Professor, Department of Humanities and Philosophy, University of Central Oklahoma
Worth refutes recent philosophical skepticism about the moral value of fiction by summarizing social scientific evidence about the benefits of reading both by individuals and in communities ranging from prisoners to book club members. She also critiques new educational standards that favor “reading for information.” This exceptionally clear book provides an urgently needed defense of the value of literary reading.

Cynthia Freeland, University of Houston
‘This important book defends reading literature both because it makes us better people, but also because it is a joy in itself. Anyone working in philosophical aesthetics will profit by reading it, and it should be compulsory reading for those who determine the reading lists of our schools and colleges. This is a significant contribution to our thinking about reading, and the place reading has (or ought to have) in our lives.’
Derek Matravers, Professor of Philosophy, The Open University

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover Cover 1
Half Title i
Title Page iii
Copyright Page iv
Table of Contents v
Acknowledgments ix
Preface xi
Chapter One The Benefits of Reading 1
1. The Current State of Reading 1
2. The Gateway to Literacy 3
3. Reading and the Internet 9
4. Platonic Traditions 12
5. America’s Common Core 15
6. Should Prisoners Read? 20
7. Book Clubs 27
8. Conclusion 32
Notes 35
Chapter Two Fiction and Nonfiction 39
1. Theories of Fiction 40
2. From Definition to Theory 43
a. Fiction as Make-Believe 44
b. Fiction as Intention 47
c. Fiction as Context 48
3. Belief, Imagination, and Narration 52
4. Fiction as Subversive 54
5. Types of Truths 56
a. Correspondence Truth 57
b. Coherence Truth 57
6. A Theory of Nonfiction 59
7. True Stories 62
8. Is There a Paradox of Fiction? 63
Notes 66
Chapter Three The Boundaries of Genre 69
1. Genre 71
2. Managing Our Expectations 73
3. Categorizing and Blending Genres 79
4. Blending in Action 83
a. Example: The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao 83
b. Example: Fun Home 88
c. Example: The Da Vinci Code 91
5. Conclusion 96
Notes 97
Chapter Four Memoir\rA Case Study 101
1. James Frey and the Truth and Art of Memoir 104
2. Forgery and Fiction 106
3. Transparency 114
4. Memory 117
5. Historical Accuracy 118
6. Conclusion 122
Notes 123
Chapter Five Narrative Knowledge 127
1. Defining Narrative 128
2. How We Understand Stories 133
3. Narrative Reasoning 138
4. Nussbaum on Narrative 142
5. Imagination and Understanding 144
6. Telling Stories 148
Notes 150
Chapter Six Belief and the Mind 153
1. Believing What You Read 154
2. The Paradox of Belief 155
3. Narrative Comprehension 157
4. Narrative in the Brain 160
5. Belief and the Narrative 162
6. Belief and Fiction 163
7. Belief and Expectation 166
8. Implications of Narratives Beyond the Mind 167
9. Conclusion 168
Notes 169
Chapter Seven Evidence or No Evidence? 173
1. Currie’s Worries 173
2. Evidence Please 176
3. Understanding Simulation 178
4. Empirical Evidence 182
5. Empathy 183
6. How Do We Test and Measure Empathy? 185
7. The Evidence Argument 188
8. Controlled Experiments on Empathy 190
9. Controlled Experiments about the Social Benefits of Reading 193
10. Conclusion 198
Notes 200
Conclusion Reading as Good-for-Nothing 205
Notes 209
Index 211
About the Author 221