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Book Details
Abstract
The family remains at the emotional heart of society, and makes up a significant proportion of the tourism market. However, the concept of family has changed over the decades and there are now different types of families that have their own unique attributes and needs. Families may have one parent or two, who may or may not be of different genders. This cutting-edge book constructs a multidisciplinary perspective on family tourism by discussing various types of families; how parents and children influence travel behaviours now and in the future and how family holidays may also be linked to stress. Family Tourism: Multidisciplinary Perspectives provides a compilation of issues from academic writers around the globe, to provide a range of perspectives linked by a common theme of family tourism with a futures perspective.
This book addresses a much under-researched aspect of contemporary life. Family tourism represents a major aspect of all leisure travel, yet little systematic research has, until now, been undertaken on the various forms of the family and their experiences of tourism. This book represents a systematic approach to the subject and is written in an accessible and interesting manner. I heartily recommend it to all those interested in tourism and in the family.
Conrad Lashley, Oxford Brookes University, UK
The family, in many countries, is in a state of flux and their vacation patterns have changed significantly in recent years. This book provides a comprehensive picture of the family on holiday, past, present and future. The authors fill a gaping hole in the academic and practitioner literature and this book will be an invaluable resource for students and professionals alike.
Tom Baum, University of Strathclyde, UK
Family Tourism: Multidisciplinary Perspectives gives a welcome stage on which to examine some of the aspects of the family tourism experience. This is clearly a book that provides a grounding in families and their tourism experiences and highlights a wide array of potential and important future research avenues. As such, the book represents a text that should be read by all those researchers (from Professors to Honours students and everyone in-between) looking at the family in the context of tourism and hospitality. While the book is clearly primarily aimed at the academic research market, the ideas set out within it still represent something that should appeal to the leaders and innovators of the tourism and hospitality industries.
Neil Carr, University of Otago, New Zealand
Family Tourism: Multidisciplinary Perspectives is a solid starting point in redefining families and family tourism for the 21st century. It provides a workable frame for conducting research into the topic and demonstrates the potential for family tourism studies to inform and influence research in sociology and family studies, thereby improving the status and acceptance of tourism studies in general. It seems well poised to meet its aim of stimulating debate and research into the broad field of family tourism and stands, therefore, as a timely and welcome contribution to the literature.
Gary Lacey, Monash University, Australia
This book breaks new ground by bringing together a range of well-respected researchers from around the world to delve into the concept of family tourism from their individual knowledge base, so as to develop a multiple disciplinary focus to the study of family tourism. I am sure in a short time this book will be required reading, not only for students of tourism, but also for those who work in tourism marketing and want to better understand their markets.
Brian Hay, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
This book on family tourism is a welcome contribution to tourism studies through its discussion of this hitherto forgotten, but significant market. The interesting collection highlights the pleasures and stresses of family travel, the social exclusion of some groups, and the creativity required by the industry to provide for the family whose structure and requirements are ever changing.
Jennie Small, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
Family Tourism: Multidisciplinary Perspectives provides a concise look at timely and important topics related largely to tourism studies, but also brings in ideas and research from family leisure, sociology, gender studies, and marketing. Professors, graduate students, and researchers looking to update their knowledge of specific or niche tourism topics, or to better understand the interdisciplinary nature of their field, will find this to be a useful text...Overall, the editors have crafted a book of well-written and sourced, timely, and interesting chapters on topics not often addressed in the tourism literature, but that are important issues and trends in the field.
Keri A. Schwab, University of Utah, USA
Heike Schänzel is a lecturer in Tourism Studies at AUT University in Auckland, New Zealand. Her doctoral thesis on family holiday experiences won an award and resulted in several academic journal publications.
Ian Yeoman is Associate Professor of Tourism Futures at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand and allegedly the world’s only professional crystal ball gazer or futurologist specialising in travel and tourism.
Elisa Backer is a senior lecturer at The Business School, University of Ballarat, Australia. She is now considered a leading world expert in the field of VFR travel.
This is probably the first book dedicated to addressing family tourism issues. As such, it is an appropriate contribution to tourism education and research...this book offers an informative introduction for postgraduates and new researchers who are interested in investigating issues in family and tourism.
Catheryn S.C. Khoo-Lattimore, Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus, Malaysia
This book is an essential read for all in the tourism industry, the public and private sectors, as well as NGOs. Family tourism continues to shape and impact our travel behaviours, decisions, and purchasing patterns. Therefore, understanding and appreciating these ever changing dynamics will allow us to better actively engage with, meet, and respond to the needs of family tourism.
D’Arcy Dornan, La Rochelle Business School, France
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contents | v | ||
| Figures | ix | ||
| Tables | xi | ||
| Contributors | xii | ||
| Foreword | xvii | ||
| 1\tIntroduction: Families in Tourism Research | 1 | ||
| Why Study Families in Tourism? | 1 | ||
| Definition of Families and Family Holidays | 2 | ||
| The Underrepresentation of Families in Tourism Research | 3 | ||
| Conceptualisation of Families in Tourism | 6 | ||
| Intentions and Structure of the Book | 9 | ||
| Conclusion | 10 | ||
| Part 1 | 15 | ||
| The Context of Family Tourism | 15 | ||
| 2\tSociety and Ideology: Changes in Family Time Perceptions with Implications for Tourism | 17 | ||
| Heike Schänzel | 17 | ||
| Introduction | 17 | ||
| The Changing Nature of Family Time in \nWestern Society | 18 | ||
| Gender and Generational Perspectives on Family Time | 19 | ||
| The Idealisation of Family Leisure in Western Society | 22 | ||
| Conclusion | 25 | ||
| 3\tFamily Tourism, Demography and Social Trends: An Analysis of the UK Market | 30 | ||
| Ian Yeoman, Una McMahon-Beattie, Damian Lord and Luke Parker-Hodds | 30 | ||
| Introduction | 30 | ||
| Defining the Market Today | 30 | ||
| Changes That Will Shape the Future of the Family | 31 | ||
| So, What Does All This Mean For Tourism Businesses? | 44 | ||
| Conclusion | 48 | ||
| 4\tUK Family Tourism: Past, Present and Future Challenges | 50 | ||
| Carol Southall | 50 | ||
| Introduction | 50 | ||
| Historical Development of Family Tourism in the UK | 51 | ||
| Social Tourism | 54 | ||
| Impact of the Changing Make-Up of Families on the Family Tourism Product | 56 | ||
| The Travel Decision-Making Process | 57 | ||
| Family Spending | 58 | ||
| The Role of Grandparents in the Family Structure | 58 | ||
| Factors Influencing Family Participation in Tourism | 59 | ||
| Challenges for the Family Tourism Market | 60 | ||
| Conclusion | 62 | ||
| Part 2 | 65 | ||
| The Experience of Family Tourism | 65 | ||
| 5\tThe Inclusion of Fathers, Children and the Whole-Family Group in Tourism Research on Families | 67 | ||
| Heike Schänzel | 67 | ||
| Introduction | 67 | ||
| Literature Review | 68 | ||
| Whole-Family Study Methodology and Analysis | 70 | ||
| An Illustration of Children, Fathers and Group Dynamics According to the Main Themes | 72 | ||
| Conclusion | 77 | ||
| 6\tVFR Travel: Why Marketing to Aunt Betty Matters | 81 | ||
| Elisa Backer | 81 | ||
| Introduction | 81 | ||
| Literature Review | 82 | ||
| Method | 86 | ||
| Research Findings | 87 | ||
| Implications | 89 | ||
| Conclusion | 89 | ||
| 7\tThe Value of Social Tourism for Disadvantaged Families | 93 | ||
| Lynn Minnaert | 93 | ||
| Introduction | 93 | ||
| Disadvantaged Families, Tourism and Leisure | 94 | ||
| Social and Family Capital in the Disadvantaged Family | 96 | ||
| Benefits of Social Tourism | 98 | ||
| Conclusion | 102 | ||
| 8\tThe Stress of the Family Holiday | 105 | ||
| Elisa Backer and Heike Schänzel | 105 | ||
| Introduction | 105 | ||
| Literature Review | 106 | ||
| Method | 109 | ||
| Results | 111 | ||
| Discussion | 118 | ||
| Conclusion | 120 | ||
| 9\tGay and Lesbian Families and Tourism | 125 | ||
| Howard Hughes and Carol Southall | 125 | ||
| Introduction | 125 | ||
| Families | 125 | ||
| Same-Sex Families | 126 | ||
| Children in Same-Sex Families | 128 | ||
| Market Size | 130 | ||
| Implications for Tourism | 132 | ||
| Conclusion | 135 | ||
| Further Research | 136 | ||
| Part 3 | 141 | ||
| The Futures of Family Tourism | 141 | ||
| 10\tConsumer Kids and Tourists – Creatively Marketing a City to Young Tourists | 143 | ||
| Sally Webster | 143 | ||
| Introduction | 143 | ||
| The Young Consumer – Who Has the Buying Influence? | 144 | ||
| Young People as the Current Consumers | 144 | ||
| Young Consumers Can Influence Spending | 146 | ||
| The Young Traveller – Why the Need to Target Them | 146 | ||
| What Do Young Tourists Want From Their Travels? | 149 | ||
| Supporting Young Tourists Through Creative Tourism | 151 | ||
| Conclusion: Empowering the Young Consumer, the Current Tourist and the Future Tourist | 153 | ||
| 11\tInvestigating the ‘Family Life Cycle’ Model in Tourism | 156 | ||
| Elisa Backer | 156 | ||
| Introduction | 156 | ||
| Literature Review | 156 | ||
| Method | 162 | ||
| Results | 163 | ||
| Discussion | 166 | ||
| Conclusion | 168 | ||
| 12\tThe Future of Family Tourism: A Cognitive Mapping Approach | 171 | ||
| Ian Yeoman and Heike Schänzel | 171 | ||
| Introduction | 171 | ||
| Research Method: Explaining Cognitive Mapping | 172 | ||
| Observations from Family Tourism | 175 | ||
| Emerging Futures – The Development of a Cognitive Map of Families and Tourism | 187 | ||
| Concluding for the Future | 191 | ||
| Index | 194 | ||
| _GoBack | 197 | ||
| Figure 1.1 Conceptual triangular framework the three dimensions of family tourism experiences. | 8 | ||
| Figure 3.1 Household composition, 1991–2033: numbers of households in England by household type (projections are 2010 forecasts based on 2008 data). Source: Future Foundation. | 32 | ||
| Figure 3.2 Number of marriages and divorce rate, 1986–2009 (2009 figures are based on that year’s first three quarters only). Source: Future Foundation. | 33 | ||
| Figure 3.3 Closeness of emotional attachments: mean scores given to emotional attachment to selected types of people, 2002 and 2009. A sample of 1200 adults, all with a relation in question, responded to the following item: ‘We usually have close emotiona | 34 | ||
| Figure 3.4 The democratic family: the percentage of respondents who agree or agree strongly with the statement ‘In my family, children have a say in important family spending decisions’, by age of child and by age of child within social grade. (Data from | 36 | ||
| Figure 3.5 The vertical family. Source: Briggs (2001). | 37 | ||
| Figure 3.6 Family as a source of influence, by market. The proportion of a sample of 1,200 adults (UK, 2006) who were influenced by their family when choosing a product or service in each market (proportion of ‘family’ responses to the question ‘When you | 39 | ||
| Figure 3.7 Education attainment, 1992–2009. Proportion of a sample of 7179 British adults endorsing selected educational qualifications in response to the question ‘Which of these is your highest qualification?’ Source: Future Foundation. | 40 | ||
| Figure 3.8 Age compression: changing age range characterising each of six life-stages. Source: Future Foundation. | 43 | ||
| Figure 5.1 Analytical framework for whole-family experiential dimensions. | 71 | ||
| Figure 9.1 Accommodation stayed in during most recent holiday. Percentage of respondents who indicated the type of accommodation in response to the question ‘Thinking about your most recent family holiday, what type of accommodation did you stay in? (NB: | 112 | ||
| Figure 9.2 Reasons for taking a family holiday. Percentage of respondents who indicated the reason in response to the question ‘Which of the following reasons were important to you in taking your most recent family holiday? (Select as many as apply)’. | 114 | ||
| Figure 9.3 Reasons for taking a holiday that were achieved. Percentage of respondents who indicated the reason in response to the question ‘Thinking about your most recent family holiday, which reasons for taking that holiday were actually achieved? (Sele | 115 | ||
| Figure 9.4 Standard of facilities in accommodation. Numbers of respondents who rated the facilities in categories from extremely poor to excellent in response to the question ‘How well did the facilities at your accommodation on your last family holiday c | 116 | ||
| Figure 12.1 Life expectancy at birth in Australia. Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics (2011a: 1). | 157 | ||
| Figure 12.2 The Weaver and Lawton adaptation of the family life cycle. Source: Weaver & Lawton (2010: 164). | 159 | ||
| Figure 12.3 Bojanic’s modernised FLC model. Source: Bojanic (2011: 408). | 161 | ||
| Figure 12.4 Map of Victoria identifying the four regions for the study of travellers within Australia’s state of Victoria and the traditional family life cycle model. Source: adapted from Total Travel (2011). | 162 | ||
| Figure 13.1 Conceptual map of society and ideology. | 176 | ||
| Figure 13.2 Conceptual map of social structural changes in the UK. | 177 | ||
| Figure 13.3 Conceptual map of UK family tourism: past, present and future challenges. | 179 | ||
| Figure 13.4 Conceptual map of inclusion of fathers, children and the whole family group. | 180 | ||
| Figure 13.5 Conceptual map of VFR travel. | 181 | ||
| Figure 13.7 Conceptual map of value of social tourism. | 183 | ||
| Figure 13.8 Conceptual map of stress of the family holiday. | 184 | ||
| Figure 13.9 Conceptual map of gay and lesbian family travel. | 185 | ||
| Figure 13.10 Conceptual map of consumer kids and tourists. | 186 | ||
| Figure 13.11 Conceptual map of future family life cycle. | 187 | ||
| Figure 13.12 Cognitive map of families and tourism. | 188 | ||
| Table 3.1 Expenditure of households by gross income group, 2009 | 41 | ||
| Table 4.1 Consumer behaviour of baby boomers and generations X and Y | 61 | ||
| Table 6.1 Numbers of domestic visitors staying with friends and relatives in Victoria 2008–2009 and 2009–2010, and length of stay | 88 | ||
| Table 9.1 Reasons for taking a holiday in America, 2003 | 110 | ||
| Table 9.2 Reasons for taking a holiday: comparison of Plog’s (2005) findings and the present study | 119 | ||
| Table 12.1 Tourist categorisations in an expanded family life cycle (FLC) model | 164 | ||
| Table 12.2 FLC versus non-FLC by region | 164 | ||
| Table 12.3 FLC versus non-FLC by accommodation type | 164 | ||
| Table 12.4 Number of nights staying in destination and FLC versus non-FLC, by region | 165 | ||
| Table 12.5 An extended range of FLC stages | 167 |