BOOK
Edexcel A Level History, Paper 3: Poverty, public health and the state in Britain c1780-1939 Student Book
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This book:
- covers the essential content in the new specifications in a rigorous and engaging way, using detailed narrative, sources, timelines, key words, helpful activities and extension material
- helps develop conceptual understanding of areas such as evidence, interpretations, causation and change, through targeted activities
- provides assessment support for A level with sample answers, sources, practice questions and guidance to help you tackle the new-style exam questions.
It also comes with three years' access to ActiveBook, an online, digital version of your textbook to help you personalise your learning as you go through the course - perfect for revision.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| Contents | 3 | ||
| How to use this book | 4 | ||
| Introduction: A Level History | 6 | ||
| Introduction: Poverty, public health and the state in Britain, c1780-1939 | 8 | ||
| Aspects in breadth: lives in peril - the health of the nation, c1780-1939 | 10 | ||
| 3.1: The impetus for public health reforms | 10 | ||
| Introduction | 10 | ||
| Why did reforms to public health become such a pressing issue from c1780? | 10 | ||
| Public health problems caused by the Industrial Revolution | 11 | ||
| The impact of epidemics on the health of the nation | 16 | ||
| Increasing understanding about the causes of disease | 17 | ||
| The cholera epidemic, 1832 | 17 | ||
| Reports on the state of towns | 20 | ||
| Drainage systems and water supplies: technological advance | 24 | ||
| To what extent did attitudes to public health reforms change in the years 1780-1939? | 26 | ||
| Why did attitudes to public health reforms change? | 26 | ||
| How far did the role of government grow in the 19th and early 20th centuries? | 29 | ||
| Conclusion | 34 | ||
| 3.2: Changes in public health | 36 | ||
| Introduction | 36 | ||
| How effective were local initiatives in improving the health of the public, c1780-1939? | 36 | ||
| Local government action and reaction, c1780-1848 | 36 | ||
| Implementing the Public Health Act 1848 | 38 | ||
| Keeping the people healthy: housing | 40 | ||
| Keeping the people healthy: vaccinations | 44 | ||
| The work of medical officers of health | 46 | ||
| Keeping the people healthy: TB and sanatoria | 47 | ||
| Keeping the people healthy: the children | 48 | ||
| How significant was the work of individuals in improving public health, c1780-1939? | 49 | ||
| Edward Jenner (1749-1823): vaccination against smallpox | 49 | ||
| Edwin Chadwick (1800-90): innovative administrator | 51 | ||
| John Snow (1813-58) and the Broad Street pump | 53 | ||
| Joseph Bazalgette (1819-91): combining ideas and technology | 57 | ||
| Marie Stopes (1880-1958): smaller, healthier families | 60 | ||
| Conclusion | 62 | ||
| Aspects in depth: poverty, the people and the law | 64 | ||
| 3.3: Paupers and pauperism, 1780-1834 | 64 | ||
| Introduction | 64 | ||
| How effectively did parish outdoor relief deal with able-bodied paupers? | 65 | ||
| Reliance on the parish | 65 | ||
| Outdoor relief | 68 | ||
| What impact did the provision of parish indoor relief have upon pauperism? | 71 | ||
| Poorhouses, workhouses and houses of correction | 71 | ||
| Gilbert’s Act 1782 | 72 | ||
| The Sturges-Bourne Acts, 1818 and 1819 | 73 | ||
| Why did the pressure for change intensify in the years 1780-1834? | 75 | ||
| What were the financial pressures for change? | 75 | ||
| Regional differences | 78 | ||
| What were the ideological arguments for change? | 80 | ||
| The influence of utilitarianism | 82 | ||
| Why did the government take action in 1832? | 85 | ||
| 3.4: Less eligibility: the Poor Law Amendment Act and its impact, 1832-47 | 86 | ||
| Introduction | 86 | ||
| In what ways did central government set about reforming the poor laws? | 87 | ||
| How did the Commission of Enquiry set about its work? | 87 | ||
| What did the Royal Commission’s report recommend? | 88 | ||
| What were the main terms of the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act? | 89 | ||
| How was the Poor Law Commission set up? | 90 | ||
| What was the Poor Law Commission’s work, 1834-47? | 90 | ||
| The role of Edwin Chadwick | 92 | ||
| What impact did the workhouse have on the lives of Paupers? | 93 | ||
| Workhouse architecture: designed to deter? | 93 | ||
| Workhouse regime: designed to demoralise? | 94 | ||
| Workhouse staff: appointed to intimidate? | 99 | ||
| How effective was opposition to the implementation of the poor law amendment act? | 101 | ||
| What roles did Richard Oastler and John Fielden play in resisting the new Poor Law? | 103 | ||
| 3.5: The government, self-help and charity, 1847-80 | 108 | ||
| Introduction | 108 | ||
| To what extent did central government control of poor relief change in the years 1847-80? | 109 | ||
| Why did the Andover workhouse scandal lead to the end of the Poor Law Commission? | 109 | ||
| The Poor Law Board, 1847-75 | 111 | ||
| What was the impact of the Parliamentary Reform Act 1867 on Poor Law policy? | 114 | ||
| The Local Government Board and relief | 115 | ||
| How significant were charity and self-help in dealing with the problem of poverty? | 116 | ||
| What was the significance of the work of the Charity Organisation Society? | 116 | ||
| How effective were friendly societies? | 117 | ||
| The welfare work of unions and co-operatives | 119 | ||
| How far did individuals develop, and also challenge, the prevailing orthodoxy concerning poverty and poor relief? | 121 | ||
| Samuel Smiles (1812-1904): author and political reformer | 123 | ||
| Henry Mayhew (1812-87): investigative journalist | 124 | ||
| Charles Dickens (1812-70): novelist and social critic | 125 | ||
| 3.6: Social and welfare reforms: pressure and action, 1880-1914 | 130 | ||
| Introduction | 130 | ||
| Why was there pressure for social reform in the years 1880-1914? | 130 | ||
| Charles Booth (1840-1916) | 132 | ||
| Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree (1871-1954) | 134 | ||
| The Fabian Society: a think tank | 138 | ||
| The impact of the Boer War | 139 | ||
| What was the significance of the royal commission on the poor laws, 1905-09? | 141 | ||
| The majority report | 141 | ||
| The minority report | 141 | ||
| To what extent were the liberal government reforms, 1906-14, effective in relieving poverty? | 143 | ||
| Old age pensions | 144 | ||
| Conclusion | 150 | ||
| 3.7: Depression and the dole: poverty in the interwar years, 1920-39 | 152 | ||
| Introduction | 152 | ||
| What was the impact of the depression on the british economy? | 153 | ||
| The decline of heavy industry | 153 | ||
| Changing patterns of trade and finance | 156 | ||
| Prosperity for some | 157 | ||
| How effective were the Jarrow march and the hunger marches of the 1930s? | 158 | ||
| The Jarrow march, 5 October-1 November 1936 | 158 | ||
| Hunger marches | 161 | ||
| Ellen Wilkinson and Jarrow | 163 | ||
| How far did government action relieve poverty in the 1930s? | 164 | ||
| The second Labour government, 1929-31 | 164 | ||
| The National Government, 1931-40 | 167 | ||
| Conclusion | 172 | ||
| Preparing for your A Level Paper 3 exam | 175 | ||
| Index | 188 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 191 |