BOOK
Clinical Orthopaedic Rehabilitation: A Team Approach E-Book
Charles E Giangarra | Robert C. Manske
(2017)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Evidence suggests a direct correlation between the quality of postoperative orthopaedic rehabilitation and the effectiveness of the surgery. Clinical Orthopaedic Rehabilitation, 4th Edition, helps today’s orthopaedic teams apply the most effective, evidence-based protocols for maximizing return to function following common sports injuries and post-surgical conditions. Charles Giangarra, MD and Robert Manske, PT continue the commitment to excellence established by Dr. S. Brent Brotzman in previous editions, bringing a fresh perspective to the team approach to rehabilitation.
- Every section is written by a combination of surgeons, physical therapists, and occupational therapists, making this respected text a truly practical "how-to" guide for the appropriate initial exam, differential diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.
- Treatment and rehabilitation protocols are presented in a step-by-step, algorithmic format with each new phase begun after criteria are met (criteria-based progression, reflecting current best practice).
- Revised content brings you up to date with new evidence-based literature on examination techniques, classification systems, differential diagnosis, treatment options, and criteria-based rehabilitation protocols.
- Extensive updates throughout include new chapters on: medial patellofemoral ligament, shoulder impingement, pec major ruptures, thoracic outlet syndrome, general humeral fractures, foot and ankle fractures, medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction, the arthritic hip, athletic pubalgia, and labral repair and reconstruction.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| IFC | ES1 | ||
| CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICREHABILITATION: A Team Approach | i | ||
| CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDIC REHABILITATION: A Team Approach | iii | ||
| Copyright | iv | ||
| CONTRIBUTORS | v | ||
| FOREWORD BY GEORGE J. DAVIES | xi | ||
| FOREWORD BY EDWARD G. MCFARLAND | xii | ||
| PREFACE | xiii | ||
| ACKNOWLEDGMENTS | xiv | ||
| CONTENTS | xv | ||
| VIDEO CONTENTS | xix | ||
| 1 - Hand and Wrist Injuries | 1 | ||
| 1 - Flexor Tendon Injuries | 2 | ||
| IMPORTANT POINTS FOR REHABILITATION AFTER FLEXOR TENDON LACERATION AND REPAIR | 2 | ||
| REHABILITATION RATIONALE AND BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT AFTER FLEXOR TENDON REPAIR | 2 | ||
| Timing | 2 | ||
| Anatomy | 3 | ||
| Tendon Healing | 4 | ||
| Treatment of Flexor Tendon Lacerations | 4 | ||
| Teno Fix Repair | 5 | ||
| Bloodless Surgery | 5 | ||
| Rehabilitation After Flexor Tendon Repair | 5 | ||
| REFERENCES | 8 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 8 | ||
| 2 - Flexor Digitorum Profundus Avulsion (“Jersey Finger”) | 9 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 9 | ||
| TREATMENT | 9 | ||
| TENDON-TO-BONE REPAIR CONSIDERATIONS | 9 | ||
| SURGEON’S PREFERENCE | 10 | ||
| REFERENCES | 11 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 11 | ||
| 3 - Extensor Tendon Injuries | 12 | ||
| ANATOMY | 12 | ||
| EXTENSOR TENDON INJURIES IN ZONES 1 AND 2 | 12 | ||
| EXTENSOR TENDON INJURIES IN ZONE 3 | 12 | ||
| EXTENSOR TENDON INJURIES IN ZONES 4, 5, AND 6 | 14 | ||
| Zone 5 Extensor Tendon Subluxations | 14 | ||
| EXTENSOR TENDON INJURIES IN ZONES 7 AND 8 | 14 | ||
| Extensor Tenolysis | 14 | ||
| Indications | 14 | ||
| MALLET FINGER (EXTENSOR INJURY—ZONE 1) | 15 | ||
| Background | 15 | ||
| Classification of Mallet Finger | 15 | ||
| Treatment | 15 | ||
| REFERENCES | 18 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 18 | ||
| 4 - Fractures and Dislocations of the Hand | 19 | ||
| METACARPAL AND PHALANGEAL FRACTURES | 19 | ||
| General Principles | 19 | ||
| METACARPAL FRACTURES | 19 | ||
| PHALANGEAL FRACTURES OF THE HAND | 20 | ||
| PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT INJURIES | 21 | ||
| REFERENCES | 22 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 22 | ||
| 5 - Fifth Metacarpal Neck Fracture (Boxer's Fracture) | 24 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 24 | ||
| CLINICAL HISTORY AND EXAMINATION | 24 | ||
| TREATMENT | 24 | ||
| Phalangeal Fractures of the Hand | 26 | ||
| Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Injuries | 26 | ||
| REFERENCES | 28 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 28 | ||
| 6 - Injuries to the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Thumb Metacarpophalangeal Joint (Gamekeeper’s Thumb) | 29 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 29 | ||
| EVALUATION | 29 | ||
| Stable Thumb on Valgus Stressing (No Stener Lesion) | 30 | ||
| Unstable Thumb on Valgus Stressing (>30 Degrees) | 30 | ||
| REFERENCES | 31 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 31 | ||
| 7 - Nerve Compression Syndromes | 32 | ||
| NERVE COMPRESSION PHYSIOLOGY | 32 | ||
| CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME | 32 | ||
| Background | 32 | ||
| Typical Clinical Presentation | 33 | ||
| Provocative Testing Maneuvers (Table 7.2) | 34 | ||
| Phalen Maneuver (Fig. 7.3, A) | 34 | ||
| Tinel Sign (Median Nerve Percussion) (Fig. 7.3, B) | 35 | ||
| Sensory Testing of the Median Nerve Distribution. Decreased sensation may be tested by the following | 35 | ||
| Additional Special Tests for Evaluation | 35 | ||
| Electrodiagnostic Evaluation | 35 | ||
| Treatment | 36 | ||
| Nonoperative Management | 36 | ||
| Surgical Treatment | 36 | ||
| Complications After Carpal Tunnel Release | 38 | ||
| Failed Carpal Tunnel Release | 38 | ||
| BOWLER’S THUMB (DIGITAL NEURITIS) | 38 | ||
| PRONATOR SYNDROME | 38 | ||
| RADIAL NERVE COMPRESSION | 39 | ||
| Radial Sensory Neuritis | 39 | ||
| Proximal Radial Nerve and Posterior Interosseous Nerve Compression | 39 | ||
| ULNAR NERVE COMPRESSION | 40 | ||
| Proximal Ulnar Nerve Compression | 40 | ||
| Guyon’s Canal | 41 | ||
| REFERENCES | 41 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 41 | ||
| 8 - Scaphoid Fractures | 42 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 42 | ||
| CLINICAL HISTORY AND EXAMINATION | 42 | ||
| TREATMENT | 43 | ||
| REHABILITATION | 43 | ||
| REFERENCES | 44 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 44 | ||
| 9 - Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Injury | 45 | ||
| CLINICAL BACKGROUND | 45 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 45 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 45 | ||
| IMAGING STUDIES | 47 | ||
| TREATMENT | 47 | ||
| REFERENCES | 50 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 50 | ||
| 10 - Metacarpal Phalangeal Joint Arthroplasty | 51 | ||
| REHABILITATION | 52 | ||
| REFERENCES | 52 | ||
| 2 - Rehabilitation After Total Elbow Arthroplasty | 53 | ||
| 11 - The Total Elbow | 54 | ||
| REFERENCES | 56 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 56 | ||
| 12 - Rehabilitation After Fractures of the Forearm and Elbow | 57 | ||
| FRACTURES OF THE RADIUS AND ULNAR SHAFT | 57 | ||
| BOTH BONE FOREARM FRACTURE REHABILITATION (BOLAND 2011) | 57 | ||
| Phase I: (Weeks 0–2) | 57 | ||
| Phase II: (Weeks 2–6) | 57 | ||
| Phase III: (Weeks 6 and Beyond) | 57 | ||
| FRACTURES OF THE ELBOW | 57 | ||
| RADIAL NECK AND HEAD FRACTURES | 58 | ||
| SIMPLE OR COMPLEX ELBOW DISLOCATIONS | 59 | ||
| REFERENCES | 62 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 62 | ||
| 13 - Pediatric Elbow Injuries in the Throwing Athlete: Emphasis on Prevention | 63 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 63 | ||
| LITTLE LEAGUER’S ELBOW | 63 | ||
| MEDIAL TENSION INJURIES | 63 | ||
| LATERAL COMPRESSION INJURIES | 63 | ||
| POSTERIOR COMPRESSION INJURIES | 63 | ||
| PREVENTION | 63 | ||
| USA BASEBALL GUIDELINES | 64 | ||
| Pitch Counts | 64 | ||
| Pitch Types | 64 | ||
| Multiple Appearances | 65 | ||
| Showcases | 65 | ||
| Year-Round Baseball | 65 | ||
| REFERENCES | 65 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 65 | ||
| 14 - Medial Collateral Ligament and Ulnar Nerve Injury at the Elbow | 66 | ||
| ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS | 66 | ||
| MECHANISM OF INJURY | 66 | ||
| EVALUATION | 66 | ||
| SURGICAL TREATMENT | 66 | ||
| Ulnar Nerve Transposition | 67 | ||
| Rehabilitation Overview and Principles | 67 | ||
| Conservative Treatment of Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries | 68 | ||
| REFERENCES | 70 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 70 | ||
| 15 - Treating Flexion Contracture (Loss of Extension) in Throwing Athletes | 71 | ||
| REFERENCES | 73 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 73 | ||
| 16 - Post-Traumatic Elbow Stiffness | 74 | ||
| DEFINITION | 74 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 74 | ||
| HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION | 74 | ||
| EVALUATION OF THE STIFF ELBOW | 74 | ||
| History | 74 | ||
| Physical Examination | 75 | ||
| Radiographic Evaluation | 75 | ||
| NONSURGICAL TREATMENT | 75 | ||
| SURGICAL TREATMENT | 75 | ||
| POSTSURGICAL PROTOCOL | 75 | ||
| REFERENCES | 76 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 76 | ||
| 17 - Treatment and Rehabilitation of Elbow Dislocations | 77 | ||
| REHABILITATION CONSIDERATIONS | 77 | ||
| ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS | 77 | ||
| MECHANISM OF INJURY | 77 | ||
| EVALUATION AND RADIOGRAPHS | 77 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 77 | ||
| TREATMENT | 78 | ||
| Operative Treatment | 78 | ||
| COMPLICATIONS | 78 | ||
| REHABILITATION CONSIDERATIONS | 79 | ||
| RESULTS | 79 | ||
| REFERENCES | 80 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 80 | ||
| 18 - Lateral and Medial Humeral Epicondylitis | 81 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 81 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY AND ETIOLOGY | 81 | ||
| CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF THE ELBOW | 81 | ||
| ANATOMIC ADAPTATIONS IN THE ATHLETIC ELBOW | 81 | ||
| ELBOW EXAMINATION SPECIAL TESTS | 82 | ||
| TREATMENT | 84 | ||
| Tendinitis Versus Tendinosis | 84 | ||
| DEFINITIONS: TENDINITIS AND TENDINOSIS | 84 | ||
| ECCENTRIC TRAINING PROGRAMS | 85 | ||
| COMBINED EXERCISE PROGRAMS | 85 | ||
| ROTATOR CUFF AND SCAPULAR STABILIZATION | 85 | ||
| RETURN TO SPORT/INTERVAL RETURN PROGRAMS | 87 | ||
| REFERENCES | 88 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 88 | ||
| 19 - Forearm Upper Extremity Nerve Entrapment Injuries | 89 | ||
| PRONATOR SYNDROME | 89 | ||
| RADIAL NERVE COMPRESSION | 89 | ||
| Radial Sensory Neuritis | 89 | ||
| Proximal Radial Nerve and Posterior Interosseous Nerve Compression | 90 | ||
| ULNAR NERVE COMPRESSION | 91 | ||
| Proximal Ulnar Nerve Compression/Cubital Tunnel | 91 | ||
| PERIPHERAL NERVE REHABILITATION | 91 | ||
| WHAT I TELL MY PATIENTS | 92 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 92 | ||
| 3 - Shoulder Injuries | 93 | ||
| 20 - General Principles of Shoulder Rehabilitation | 94 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 94 | ||
| SHOULDER REHABILITATION | 98 | ||
| REFERENCES | 99 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 99 | ||
| 21 - Importance of the History in the Diagnosis of Shoulder Pathology | 100 | ||
| STRUCTURAL INJURY TO THE ROTATOR CUFF | 100 | ||
| GLENOHUMERAL INSTABILITY | 101 | ||
| DETACHMENT OF THE SUPERIOR GLENOID LABRUM | 101 | ||
| ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS (\"FROZEN SHOULDER\") | 102 | ||
| CALCIFIC TENDINITIS | 102 | ||
| BICEPS TENDINOSIS | 102 | ||
| ACROMIOCLAVICULAR DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE | 102 | ||
| GLENOHUMERAL DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE | 102 | ||
| CERVICAL SPINE PATHOLOGY | 102 | ||
| FRACTURES | 102 | ||
| GENERAL SHOULDER REHABILITATION GOALS | 102 | ||
| Range of Motion | 102 | ||
| Pain Relief | 105 | ||
| Muscle Strengthening | 106 | ||
| REFERENCES | 108 | ||
| 22 - Rotator Cuff Tendinitis in the Overhead Athlete | 110 | ||
| ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS | 110 | ||
| THE THROWING CYCLE | 110 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 111 | ||
| HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 112 | ||
| IMAGING | 112 | ||
| Radiographs | 112 | ||
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | 113 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 113 | ||
| SUMMARY | 116 | ||
| REFERENCES | 116 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 116 | ||
| 23 - Rotator Cuff Repair | 117 | ||
| TYPE OF REPAIR | 117 | ||
| TEAR PATTERN | 118 | ||
| SIZE OF THE TEAR | 119 | ||
| TISSUE QUALITY | 119 | ||
| LOCATION OF THE TEAR | 120 | ||
| ONSET OF ROTATOR CUFF TEAR AND TIMING OF THE REPAIR | 120 | ||
| PATIENT VARIABLES | 120 | ||
| ACUTE TEARS | 120 | ||
| IMAGING | 120 | ||
| EXAMINATION | 121 | ||
| TREATMENT | 122 | ||
| Acute Tears | 122 | ||
| Chronic Tears | 122 | ||
| REHABILITATION PROTOCOL | 122 | ||
| Immediate Postoperative Phase | 122 | ||
| Protection and Protected Active Motion Phase | 128 | ||
| Early Strengthening Phase | 129 | ||
| Advanced Strengthening Phase | 129 | ||
| MASSIVE ROTATOR CUFF REPAIRS | 129 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 129 | ||
| REFERENCES | 129 | ||
| 24 - Shoulder Instability Treatment and Rehabilitation | 130 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 130 | ||
| ANATOMIC CONSIDERATIONS | 130 | ||
| TERMINOLOGY | 130 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION: HISTORY, PHYSICAL EXAMINATION, AND IMAGING | 131 | ||
| History | 131 | ||
| Physical Examination | 132 | ||
| Imaging Studies | 132 | ||
| TREATMENT OPTIONS | 132 | ||
| Nonoperative Treatment and Rehabilitation | 133 | ||
| Special Considerations | 133 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION | 134 | ||
| Anterior Instability | 134 | ||
| Posterior Instability | 135 | ||
| Multidirectional Instability | 135 | ||
| REFERENCES | 156 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 156 | ||
| 25 - Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) | 158 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 158 | ||
| TYPICAL PRESENTATION | 158 | ||
| TREATMENT | 159 | ||
| REFERENCES | 163 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 163 | ||
| 26 - Rehabilitation for Biceps Tendon Disorders and SLAP Lesions | 164 | ||
| REHABILITATION RATIONALE | 164 | ||
| Normal Anatomy | 164 | ||
| HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 164 | ||
| Proximal Biceps and Superior Labrum | 164 | ||
| Distal Biceps | 165 | ||
| Radiographic Evaluation | 166 | ||
| 4 - Foot and Ankle Injuries | 245 | ||
| 38 - Foot and Ankle Fractures | 246 | ||
| INTRODUCTION TO FOOT AND ANKLE TRAUMA | 246 | ||
| ANKLE FRACTURES | 246 | ||
| Background | 246 | ||
| Stable Versus Unstable | 246 | ||
| Rehabilitation | 246 | ||
| PILON FRACTURES | 247 | ||
| Treatment | 247 | ||
| Rehabilitation | 248 | ||
| TALUS FRACTURES | 248 | ||
| Background | 248 | ||
| Fracture Types | 248 | ||
| 5 - Knee Injuries | 307 | ||
| 47 - Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries | 308 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 308 | ||
| TREATMENT OF ACL INJURIES | 309 | ||
| Nonoperative Treatment (ACL-Deficient Knee) | 309 | ||
| Operative ACL Reconstruction | 310 | ||
| ACL REHABILITATION RATIONALE | 311 | ||
| Open and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise | 313 | ||
| Pain and Effusion | 314 | ||
| 48 - Perturbation Training for Postoperative ACL Reconstruction and Patients Who Were Nonoperatively Treated and ACL Deficient | 322 | ||
| COPERS | 322 | ||
| NONCOPERS | 322 | ||
| REFERENCES | 325 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 325 | ||
| 49 - Gender Issues in ACL Injury | 326 | ||
| ACL INJURY IN THE FEMALE ATHLETE | 326 | ||
| Overview | 326 | ||
| Intrinsic Risk Factors | 326 | ||
| Extrinsic Risk Factors | 326 | ||
| Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Meniscal Repair | 331 | ||
| REFERENCES | 333 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 333 | ||
| 50 - Functional Testing, Functional Training, and Criteria for Return to Play After ACL Reconstruction | 334 | ||
| RISKS WITH EARLY RETURN TO SPORT | 334 | ||
| CURRENT GUIDELINES TO RETURN TO SPORTS | 334 | ||
| TARGETING END-STAGE REHABILITATION | 335 | ||
| REFERENCES | 339 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 339 | ||
| 51 - Functional Performance Measures and Sports-Specific Rehabilitation for Lower Extremity Injuries: A Guide for a Safe Return to Sports | 341 | ||
| FUNCTIONAL TRAINING | 341 | ||
| FUNCTIONAL PROGRESSIONS | 341 | ||
| FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE MEASURES/TESTS | 341 | ||
| FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE TESTING CATEGORIES: LOWER EXTREMITIES | 342 | ||
| Functional Strength Tests | 342 | ||
| Dynamic Joint Stability | 342 | ||
| ADVANCED LOWER EXTREMITY SPORTS ASSESSMENT | 346 | ||
| LIMB SYMMETRY INDEX | 352 | ||
| REFERENCES | 352 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 352 | ||
| 52 - TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION OF ARTHROFIBROSIS OF THE KNEE | 353 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 353 | ||
| PREVENTION | 353 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 354 | ||
| TREATMENT | 354 | ||
| Preoperative Rehabilitation | 354 | ||
| Surgical Intervention | 356 | ||
| Postoperative Rehabilitation | 356 | ||
| RESULTS | 357 | ||
| CONCLUSIONS | 358 | ||
| REFERENCES | 358 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 358 | ||
| 53 - Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries | 359 | ||
| REHABILITATION RATIONALE | 359 | ||
| Normal Posterior Cruciate Ligament | 359 | ||
| Mechanism of Injury | 359 | ||
| EVALUATION | 359 | ||
| Classification | 359 | ||
| Radiographic Evaluation | 359 | ||
| BIOMECHANICS OF THE POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT–DEFICIENT KNEE | 360 | ||
| BIOMECHANICS OF EXERCISE | 361 | ||
| NATURAL HISTORY | 361 | ||
| REHABILITATION CONSIDERATIONS | 362 | ||
| Motion | 362 | ||
| Weight bearing | 362 | ||
| External Support | 362 | ||
| Muscle Training | 362 | ||
| PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT | 362 | ||
| Treatment | 362 | ||
| Nonoperative Treatment | 362 | ||
| Operative Treatment | 363 | ||
| REFERENCES | 366 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 366 | ||
| 54 - Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries | 367 | ||
| CLINICAL BACKGROUND | 367 | ||
| MECHANISM OF INJURY | 367 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 368 | ||
| RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION | 368 | ||
| REHABILITATION AFTER MCL INJURY | 369 | ||
| REFERENCES | 371 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 371 | ||
| 55 - Meniscal Injuries | 372 | ||
| CLINICAL BACKGROUND | 372 | ||
| MENISCAL MOVEMENT | 372 | ||
| REHABILITATION CONSIDERATIONS | 372 | ||
| Weight Bearing and Motion | 372 | ||
| Axial Limb Alignment | 372 | ||
| Rehabilitation After Partial Meniscectomy | 373 | ||
| Rehabilitation After Meniscal Repair | 373 | ||
| REFERENCES | 375 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 375 | ||
| 56 - Patellofemoral Disorders | 376 | ||
| CLINICAL BACKGROUND | 376 | ||
| CLINICAL PEARLS FOR PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN | 376 | ||
| Other Important Patellofemoral Pearls | 378 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 379 | ||
| EVALUATION OF THE PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT | 379 | ||
| Signs and Symptoms | 379 | ||
| Physical Examination | 380 | ||
| CLINICAL TESTS FOR PATELLOFEMORAL DISORDERS | 381 | ||
| Q-angle | 381 | ||
| Soft Tissue Stabilizers of the Patella | 381 | ||
| Standing Alignment of the Extensor Mechanism | 381 | ||
| Local Palpation | 382 | ||
| Range of Motion (Hip, Knee, and Ankle) | 382 | ||
| Flexibility of the Lower Extremity | 382 | ||
| J-Sign | 383 | ||
| Patellar Glide Test | 383 | ||
| Lateral Glide Test | 383 | ||
| Medial Glide Test | 384 | ||
| Patellar Tilt | 384 | ||
| Bassett Sign | 384 | ||
| Lateral Pull Test/Sign | 384 | ||
| Radiographic Evaluation | 384 | ||
| IMPORTANT POINTS IN REHABILITATION OF PATELLOFEMORAL DISORDERS | 385 | ||
| Patellar Instability | 385 | ||
| REFERENCES | 388 | ||
| 57 - Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction | 389 | ||
| ANATOMY | 389 | ||
| PATHOGENESIS | 389 | ||
| TREATMENT | 389 | ||
| REFERENCES | 392 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 392 | ||
| 58 - Hip Strength and Kinematics in Patellofemoral Syndrome | 393 | ||
| ADDITIONAL PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME REHABILITATION CONSIDERATIONS | 393 | ||
| PATELLAR EXCESS PRESSURE SYNDROMES (GPPS VERSUS ELPS) | 394 | ||
| REFERENCES | 396 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 396 | ||
| 59 - Overuse Syndromes of the Knee | 397 | ||
| HISTORY OF PATELLAR TENDINITIS (JUMPER’S KNEE) | 397 | ||
| ILIOTIBIAL BAND FRICTION SYNDROME | 398 | ||
| HISTORY AND EXAMINATION | 399 | ||
| PREDISPOSING FACTORS | 399 | ||
| TREATMENT OF ILIOTIBIAL BAND FRICTION SYNDROME | 399 | ||
| REFERENCES | 399 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 399 | ||
| 60 - Patellar Tendon Ruptures | 400 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 400 | ||
| ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS | 400 | ||
| ETIOLOGY | 400 | ||
| CLINICAL EVALUATION | 400 | ||
| Physical Examination | 400 | ||
| Radiographic Evaluation | 400 | ||
| Classification | 401 | ||
| Treatment | 401 | ||
| REHABILITATION FOLLOWING SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATELLAR TENDON RUPTURE | 402 | ||
| General Principles | 402 | ||
| Termination of Rehabilitation | 402 | ||
| REFERENCES | 404 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 404 | ||
| 61 - Articular Cartilage Procedures of the Knee | 405 | ||
| CLINICAL BACKGROUND | 405 | ||
| TYPES OF MOTION | 405 | ||
| MUSCLE STRENGTHENING | 405 | ||
| WEIGHT BEARING PROGRESSION | 405 | ||
| IMPORTANT REHABILITATION CONSIDERATIONS | 407 | ||
| REHABILITATION PROTOCOL | 407 | ||
| TROUBLESHOOTING TECHNIQUES AFTER ARTICULAR CARTILAGE PROCEDURES | 407 | ||
| Pain and Effusion With Exercise or Activity Progression | 407 | ||
| Quadriceps Inhibition or Persistent Knee Extensor Lag | 407 | ||
| REFERENCES | 410 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 410 | ||
| 62 - The Arthritic Knee | 411 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION | 411 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 411 | ||
| RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION | 411 | ||
| TREATMENT OPTIONS | 412 | ||
| Physical Therapy | 412 | ||
| Unloading Braces | 413 | ||
| Insoles | 413 | ||
| Weight Loss | 413 | ||
| Oral Therapy | 413 | ||
| Topical Agents | 413 | ||
| Intra-Articular Corticosteroid Injection | 413 | ||
| Viscosupplementation | 413 | ||
| Operative Treatment | 414 | ||
| GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS | 414 | ||
| Osteotomy of the Knee | 414 | ||
| Total Knee Arthroplasty Rationale | 415 | ||
| GOALS OF REHABILITATION AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY | 415 | ||
| Perioperative Rehabilitation Considerations | 415 | ||
| Continuous Passive Motion | 416 | ||
| Deep Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis | 416 | ||
| Management of Rehabilitation Problems After Total Knee Arthroplasty | 416 | ||
| Recalcitrant Flexion Contracture (Difficulty Obtain | 416 | ||
| Delayed Knee Flexion | 416 | ||
| REFERENCES | 416 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 416 | ||
| 63 - Total Knee Replacement Protocol | 417 | ||
| REFERENCES | 420 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 420 | ||
| 6 - Hip Injuries | 421 | ||
| 64 - Hip Injuries | 422 | ||
| TREATMENT OF INTRA-ARTICULAR HIP PATHOLOGY | 422 | ||
| HIP ARTHROSCOPY | 422 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE REHABILITATION FOLLOWING HIP ARTHROSCOPY | 423 | ||
| Protective Phase | 423 | ||
| Strengthening Phase | 423 | ||
| Return to Functional Baseline Phase | 424 | ||
| OPEN PROCEDURES OF THE HIP | 425 | ||
| TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY | 425 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE PATIENT EDUCATION | 425 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE PHYSICAL THERAPY | 426 | ||
| SKILLED NURSING AND HOME HEALTH INTERVENTIONS | 426 | ||
| OUTPATIENT ORTHOPEDIC PHYSICAL THERAPY | 426 | ||
| RETURN TO SPORT | 427 | ||
| TREATMENT OF EXTRA-ARTICULAR HIP PATHOLOGY | 429 | ||
| COXA SALTANS | 430 | ||
| Internal Coxa Saltans | 430 | ||
| External Coxa Saltans | 430 | ||
| GLUTEAL TEARS | 431 | ||
| REFERENCES | 431 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 431 | ||
| 65 - The Arthritic Hip | 432 | ||
| CLINICAL BACKGROUND | 432 | ||
| GENERAL FEATURES OF OSTEOARTHRITIS | 432 | ||
| PRIMARY SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF OSTEOARTHRITIS | 432 | ||
| Symptoms | 432 | ||
| Signs | 432 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF HIP ARTHRITIS | 432 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS OF HIP ARTHRITIS | 432 | ||
| TREATMENT OF HIP ARTHRITIS | 433 | ||
| Nonoperative Treatment | 433 | ||
| Medical Treatment | 433 | ||
| Operative Options for Hip Arthritis | 434 | ||
| REFERENCES | 435 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 435 | ||
| 66 - Total Hip Replacement Rehabilitation: Progression and Restrictions | 436 | ||
| PREOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT | 436 | ||
| SURGICAL APPROACH | 436 | ||
| MULTIMODAL PAIN MANAGEMENT | 437 | ||
| HIP PRECAUTIONS | 437 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY REHABILITATION PROGRAMS | 437 | ||
| WEIGHT BEARING | 437 | ||
| LEVELS OF REHABILITATIVE CARE | 438 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE PROTOCOL AFTER PRIMARY TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT | 439 | ||
| Management of Common Problems after Total Hip Replacement | 439 | ||
| Gait Faults | 439 | ||
| Outpatient Total Hip Arthroplasty Physical Therapy Protocol | 439 | ||
| RETURN TO SPORT AFTER TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT | 440 | ||
| SPORT-SPECIFIC EXERCISES FOR THE GOLFER WITH A TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT | 440 | ||
| REFERENCES | 442 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 442 | ||
| 67 - GROIN PAIN | 443 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 443 | ||
| HISTORY | 443 | ||
| Acute (Traumatic) Injuries | 443 | ||
| Chronic Injuries or Those With No Clearcut Traumatic, Musculoskeletal Mechanism | 443 | ||
| EXAMINATION | 443 | ||
| TREATMENT | 446 | ||
| REFERENCES | 446 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 446 | ||
| 68 - Hamstring Muscle Injuries in Athletes | 447 | ||
| CONSIDERATIONS OF APPLIED ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS | 447 | ||
| CLASSIFICATION OF HAMSTRING INJURY | 447 | ||
| ETIOLOGIC CONCERNS | 447 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 448 | ||
| DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING | 449 | ||
| HAMSTRING INJURIES OTHER THAN STRAINS | 449 | ||
| Avulsions | 449 | ||
| Rehabilitation of Hamstring Injuries | 449 | ||
| Rehabilitation of Acute Hamstring Injuries | 450 | ||
| Protection | 450 | ||
| NSAIDS | 450 | ||
| ICE | 450 | ||
| Intramuscular Corticosteroid Injection | 450 | ||
| Therapeutic Exercise | 450 | ||
| Soft Tissue Mobilization Techniques | 452 | ||
| FUNCTIONAL PROGRESSION AND RETURN-TO-PLAY GUIDELINES | 453 | ||
| PREVENTION | 454 | ||
| Risk Factors | 454 | ||
| Stretching | 454 | ||
| Hamstring Stretching Regimen | 456 | ||
| Single-Leg Hamstring Stretch. For the single-leg hamstring stretch, the athlete should lie supine with both legs flat on the tab... | 456 | ||
| Straddle Groin and Hamstring Stretch. For the saddle groin and hamstring stretch, the athlete sits on the floor with both legs s... | 456 | ||
| Side-Straddle Groin and Hamstring Stretch. For the side straddle, the athlete sits on the floor with the injured leg straight, k... | 456 | ||
| Pelvic-Tilt Hamstring Stretch. For the pelvic-tilt, the athlete sits on the edge of the chair with the injured leg resting strai... | 457 | ||
| Hamstring Muscle Strengthening. Hamstring muscle strength has been considered predictive of recurrent hamstring injury. Recurren... | 458 | ||
| Hamstring Strengthening Regimen for Injury Prevention | 458 | ||
| Isometric Hamstring Curls. For isometric hamstring curls, the athlete sits on the floor with the uninjured leg straight. The inv... | 458 | ||
| Prone Hamstring Curls. For prone hamstring curls, an ankle weight is placed on the involved leg. The athlete lies prone, with a ... | 458 | ||
| Standing Hamstring Curls. For standing hamstring curls, an ankle weight is placed on the involved leg. The athlete stands with t... | 458 | ||
| Hamstring Curl Machine. The exercise can be performed on a prone or a standing hamstring machine. The weight will be at the ankl... | 458 | ||
| Seated Walking. While sitting on a rolling stool with wheels, the athlete begins walking forward while sitting on the stool (Fig... | 458 | ||
| Check online videos: Prone Eccentric Hamstrings Manual Resistance (Video 68.1) and Supine Hamstring Curl (Video 68.2) | 460 | ||
| REFERENCES | 461 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 461 | ||
| 69 - Athletic Pubalgia | 462 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 462 | ||
| EPIDEMIOLOGY/SPECIAL POPULATION (ATHLETIC) | 462 | ||
| CLINICAL PRESENTATION | 462 | ||
| RISK FACTORS | 462 | ||
| DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS | 462 | ||
| ANATOMY | 462 | ||
| PHYSICAL EXAMINATION | 463 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 464 | ||
| MANAGEMENT | 464 | ||
| OUR APPROACH | 464 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 465 | ||
| REFERENCES | 465 | ||
| 70 - Femoro-acetabular Impingement: Labral Repair and Reconstruction | 466 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 466 | ||
| RELEVANT ANATOMY | 466 | ||
| CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT AND PREOPERATIVE REHABILITATION | 466 | ||
| SURGICAL TREATMENT | 467 | ||
| POSTOPERATIVE REHABILITATION GUIDELINES | 467 | ||
| IMMEDIATE POSTOPERATIVE REHABILITATION | 468 | ||
| OUTPATIENT REHABILITATION | 468 | ||
| Phase 1: Initial Exercises (Initiated Postoperative Week 1) | 468 | ||
| Phase 2: Intermediate Exercises (Initiated Postoperative Week 4) | 471 | ||
| Phase 3: Advanced Exercises (Initiated Postoperative Week 7) | 473 | ||
| Phase 4: Sport-Specific Training (Initiated Postoperative Week 9) | 475 | ||
| REFERENCES | 477 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 477 | ||
| 7 - Spinal Disorders | 478 | ||
| 71 - Whiplash Injury: Treatment and Rehabilitation | 479 | ||
| THE WHIPLASH EPIDEMIC | 479 | ||
| DIAGNOSIS | 479 | ||
| TREATMENT: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE | 479 | ||
| TREATMENT OF ACUTE WHIPLASH (0 TO 3 WEEKS) | 480 | ||
| TREATMENT OF SUBACUTE WHIPLASH (3 WEEKS TO 3 MONTHS) | 482 | ||
| Exercise | 482 | ||
| AROM Exercises | 482 | ||
| Postural Exercises | 482 | ||
| Spinal Stabilization Exercises (Sterling et al. 2003b) | 482 | ||
| Proprioception/Balance Exercises | 483 | ||
| Cardiovascular Exercises | 483 | ||
| Manual Therapy (Spitzer et al. 1995) | 483 | ||
| Neural Tissue Mobilization | 483 | ||
| Education | 483 | ||
| TREATING CHRONIC WHIPLASH (3 MONTHS AND MORE) | 484 | ||
| REFERENCES | 485 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 485 | ||
| 72 - Therapeutic Exercise for the Cervical Spine | 487 | ||
| EXERCISES TO IMPROVE MUSCULAR COORDINATION, ENDURANCE, OR STRENGTH | 487 | ||
| EXERCISES TO IMPROVE MUSCULAR COORDINATION | 487 | ||
| EXERCISES TO IMPROVE MUSCULAR ENDURANCE OR STRENGTH | 489 | ||
| EXERCISES TO IMPROVE REPOSITIONING ACUITY, OCULOMOTOR CONTROL, OR POSTURAL STABILITY | 491 | ||
| EXERCISES TO IMPROVE MOBILITY | 492 | ||
| REFERENCES | 494 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 494 | ||
| 73 - TREATMENT-BASED CLASSIFICATION OF LOW BACK PAIN | 496 | ||
| BACKGROUND | 496 | ||
| HISTORY | 496 | ||
| REFERENCES | 497 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 497 | ||
| 74 - Core Stabilization Training | 498 | ||
| ANATOMY | 498 | ||
| MECHANISMS OF INJURY TO THE CORE | 501 | ||
| REHABILITATION: ASSESSMENT AND INTERVENTION | 502 | ||
| Examination | 502 | ||
| Exercises/Training Techniques | 504 | ||
| WHERE TO BEGIN: FORMAL MOTOR SKILL TRAINING | 504 | ||
| INCORPORATION INTO LIGHT FUNCTIONAL TASKS | 505 | ||
| GENERAL FUNCTIONAL EXERCISES | 507 | ||
| Transversus Abdominis With Ue Perturbations | 508 | ||
| Ipsilateral IO/EO—Side Flexion | 508 | ||
| Contralateral IO/EO—Rotation | 508 | ||
| Diaphragm and Pelvic Floor | 508 | ||
| DYNAMIC, PROGRESSIVE FUNCTIONAL CHALLENGES | 508 | ||
| Lunge Onto Unstable Surface Using Exercise Ball | 508 | ||
| Squat With Overhead Sustained Lift | 508 | ||
| Four-Way Tubing Pulls on Unstable Surface | 509 | ||
| Overhead Medicine Ball Toss Kneeling on Bosu Ball | 509 | ||
| Single-Limb Stance on Bosu Ball With Repeated Rowing | 509 | ||
| Half-Kneeling Medicine Ball Side Toss | 509 | ||
| Diagonal Tubing Pulls on Unstable Surfaces | 510 | ||
| Core Ball Punch on Unstable Surface | 510 | ||
| Single-Limb Dead Lift | 510 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 511 | ||
| REFERENCES | 513 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 513 | ||
| 75 - McKenzie Approach to Low Back Pain | 514 | ||
| TYPES OF PAIN | 514 | ||
| ACTIVATION OF PAIN | 514 | ||
| STAGES OF TISSUE HEALING | 515 | ||
| INTERVERTEBRAL DISC | 515 | ||
| MCKENZIE CLASSIFICATION OF SYNDROMES | 517 | ||
| Derangement Syndrome | 517 | ||
| Dysfunction Syndrome | 517 | ||
| Postural Syndrome | 518 | ||
| Summary of Syndromes | 518 | ||
| MCKENZIE EVALUATION | 518 | ||
| INTERVENTION | 520 | ||
| SUMMARY | 522 | ||
| REFERENCES | 522 | ||
| 76 - Rehabilitation Following Lumbar Disc Surgery | 523 | ||
| LUMBAR DISC SURGERY | 523 | ||
| CURRENT BEST EVIDENCE: POSTDISCECTOMY REHABILITATION | 523 | ||
| THE POSTDISCECTOMY “PROTOCOL” | 524 | ||
| EDUCATION | 525 | ||
| EXERCISE | 525 | ||
| WALKING PROGRAM | 528 | ||
| MANUAL THERAPY | 528 | ||
| Neural Tissue Mobilization | 528 | ||
| Additional Treatments | 529 | ||
| Timing, Dosage, and Frequency | 529 | ||
| REFERENCES | 529 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 529 | ||
| 77 - CHRONIC BACK PAIN AND PAIN SCIENCE | 532 | ||
| INTRODUCTION | 532 | ||
| CURRENT MODELS FOR MANAGING CHRONIC SPINAL PAIN | 532 | ||
| IMPORTANT ISSUES IN UNDERSTANDING PAIN | 534 | ||
| The Sensitive Nervous System | 534 | ||
| THE BRAIN’S PROCESSING OF PAIN | 536 | ||
| THE OUTPUT SYSTEMS | 536 | ||
| CHRONIC PAIN: BEST EVIDENCE MANAGEMENT | 537 | ||
| CONCLUSION | 539 | ||
| REFERENCES | 539 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 539 | ||
| 78 - Spinal Manipulation | 541 | ||
| DEFINING SPINAL MANIPULATION | 541 | ||
| EVIDENCE FOR SPINAL MANIPULATIVE THERAPY | 541 | ||
| CLINICAL PREDICTION RULES | 542 | ||
| THE AUDIBLE POP | 543 | ||
| SPINAL POSITIONING AND LOCKING | 543 | ||
| 8 - Special Topics | 576 | ||
| 82 - Running Injuries: Etiology and Recovery-Based Treatment | 577 | ||
| INDEX | 605 | ||
| A | 605 | ||
| B | 606 | ||
| C | 607 | ||
| D | 607 | ||
| E | 608 | ||
| F | 608 | ||
| G | 609 | ||
| H | 609 | ||
| I | 610 | ||
| J | 610 | ||
| K | 610 | ||
| L | 610 | ||
| M | 611 | ||
| N | 612 | ||
| O | 612 | ||
| P | 612 | ||
| Q | 614 | ||
| R | 614 | ||
| S | 615 | ||
| T | 616 | ||
| U | 617 | ||
| V | 617 | ||
| W | 618 | ||
| Y | 618 | ||
| Z | 618 | ||
| IBC | ES2 |