BOOK
Edexcel AS/A Level History, Paper 1&2: Democracies in change: Britain and the USA in the 20th century Student Book
Derrick Murphy | Stuart Clayton
(2016)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
This book covers the essential content in the new specifications in a rigorous and engaging way, using detailed narrative, sources, timelines, key words, helpful activities and extension material helps develop conceptual understanding of areas such as evidence, interpretations, causation and change, through targeted activities
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cover | Cover | ||
| Contents | 3 | ||
| How to use this book | 4 | ||
| Introduction: AS/A Level History | 6 | ||
| Britain transformed, 1918–97 | 8 | ||
| Introduction | 8 | ||
| 1.1: A changing political and economic environment, 1918–79 | 10 | ||
| Introduction | 10 | ||
| To What Extent did the Political Landscape Change Between 1918 and 1979? | 11 | ||
| Changing party fortunes, 1918–31 | 11 | ||
| The National government, 1931–45 | 16 | ||
| The rise of consensus politics and political challenge, 1945–79 | 19 | ||
| In What Ways and with What Success did Governments Deal with Economic Change Between 1918 and 1979? | 22 | ||
| Boom, crisis and recovery: the response to economic problems, 1918–31 | 24 | ||
| Response to economic problems of the Great Depression and Second World War | 25 | ||
| The economic legacy of the Second World War: the managed economy 1939–51 | 26 | ||
| The response to economic challenges, 1951–79 | 27 | ||
| How Effectively did Governments Respond to Changes in the Workplace Between 1918 and 1979? | 28 | ||
| Industrial change and changing industrial relations, 1918–39 | 30 | ||
| Changing working opportunities and conditions, 1939–79 | 31 | ||
| Industrial relations 1939–79 and the reasons for their breakdown in 1960s and 1970s | 33 | ||
| 1.2: Creating a welfare state, 1918–79 | 36 | ||
| Introduction | 36 | ||
| How Successfully did British Governments Provide Welfare Support in the Years 1918–79? | 37 | ||
| The extent and nature of welfare provision, 1918–39 | 37 | ||
| The impact of the Second World War, the Labour Government and consensus, 1939–64 | 39 | ||
| Why, and with What Impact, was the National Health Service Created in 1948? | 44 | ||
| Health provision, 1918–45 | 46 | ||
| The creation and impact of the NHS, 1945–79 | 48 | ||
| The challenge of medical advances, 1945–79 | 51 | ||
| To What Extent has Educational Reform Led to Widening Opportunity? | 53 | ||
| Education policy, 1918–43 | 55 | ||
| The impact of the Butler Education Act and the Crosland Circular, 1944–79 | 56 | ||
| The growth and social impact of university education, 1918–79 | 59 | ||
| 1.3: Society in transition, 1918–79 | 62 | ||
| Introduction | 62 | ||
| To What Extent did British Class Structure and Social Values Change Between 1918 and 1979? | 63 | ||
| Class, social change and the impact of wars, 1918–51 | 63 | ||
| The emergence of a ‘liberal society’ and its opponents, 1951–79 | 68 | ||
| In What Ways, for What Reasons and to What_Extent did Life Change for British Women, 1918–79? | 73 | ||
| The right to vote and political advancement, 1918–79 | 74 | ||
| Changes in family life and the quest for personal freedoms, 1918-79 | 76 | ||
| How Far did Relations Between Britons and Immigrants to Britain Change Between 1918 and_1979? | 79 | ||
| Immigration policies and attitudes towards ethnic minorities, 1918–39 | 80 | ||
| The impact of the Second World War and new Commonwealth immigration | 81 | ||
| Government policies and racial controversy: immigration and race relations 1958–79 | 83 | ||
| 1.4: Changing quality of life, 1918–79 | 88 | ||
| Introduction | 88 | ||
| How Far did Living Standards Change in Britain Between 1918 and 1979? | 88 | ||
| The impact of boom, crisis and recovery, 1918–39 | 88 | ||
| Regional variations | 90 | ||
| The effects of ‘total war’ and austerity, 1939–51 | 91 | ||
| The growth of a consumer society, 1951–79 | 93 | ||
| In What Ways and to What Extent did Mass Popular Culture affect British Society Between 1918 and 1979? | 96 | ||
| The role of cinema, radio and music, 1918–79 | 96 | ||
| The impact of television from the 1950s | 100 | ||
| The influence of mass media on youth culture, 1955–79 | 102 | ||
| To What Extent did the British Experience of Transport and Leisure Pursuits Change Between 1918 and 1979? | 104 | ||
| The growth of spectator sports from the 1920s | 105 | ||
| The growth of leisure time and the development of mass tourism from the 1930s | 107 | ||
| The impact of car ownership and travel developments, 1918–79 | 110 | ||
| 1.5: What impact did Thatcher’s governments (1979–90) have on Britain 1979–97? | 114 | ||
| Introduction | 114 | ||
| An overview of Thatcher’s career | 116 | ||
| What were the Effects of Thatcher’s Economic Policies? | 117 | ||
| The origin and evolution of Thatcher’s views on the economy | 117 | ||
| The fight against inflation | 117 | ||
| Privatisation | 118 | ||
| Deregulation | 120 | ||
| Taxation and incentives | 120 | ||
| The fight against the trade unions | 120 | ||
| To What Extent were State Intervention and the Public Sector ‘Rolled Back’? | 122 | ||
| The origins of Thatcher’s views on government | 122 | ||
| The civil service | 123 | ||
| Local government | 123 | ||
| The National Health Service | 125 | ||
| Education | 125 | ||
| Conclusion | 126 | ||
| How far did Political and Social Division within Britain Change, 1979–97? | 127 | ||
| Political division | 127 | ||
| Social division | 129 | ||
| What were the Effects of Thatcherism on Politics and Party Development? | 132 | ||
| The Conservative Party | 132 | ||
| The Labour Party | 134 | ||
| Other parties | 136 | ||
| Preparing for your exams | 139 | ||
| The USA, c1920-55: boom, bust and recovery | 166 | ||
| Introduction | 166 | ||
| 2a.1: Boom and crash, 1920–29 | 168 | ||
| Introduction | 168 | ||
| Why did the USA Experience an Economic boom in the 1920s? | 168 | ||
| Mass production | 170 | ||
| Technological advances and their impact on leisure | 171 | ||
| The automobile | 171 | ||
| Hire purchase | 172 | ||
| How did the government’s laissez-faire policy aid the economic boom? | 173 | ||
| Farmers, black Americans and limits to the boom | 173 | ||
| What Caused the Wall Street Crash? | 175 | ||
| The Wall Street Crash | 175 | ||
| Overproduction | 176 | ||
| Land speculation | 176 | ||
| The bull market | 177 | ||
| Weaknesses of the US banking system | 177 | ||
| To What Extent were the 1920s a Decade of Intolerance? | 178 | ||
| Immigration and the ‘Red Scare’ | 178 | ||
| Rise and decline of the Ku Klux Klan | 180 | ||
| National prohibition | 181 | ||
| The changing role of women | 182 | ||
| Why were the 1920s a Period of Major Cultural Change in the USA? | 184 | ||
| The Jazz Age | 184 | ||
| The Harlem Renaissance | 184 | ||
| The growing popularity of baseball | 185 | ||
| Radio and cinema | 186 | ||
| Changes in American literature | 188 | ||
| 2a.2 Depression and New Deal, 1929–38 | 190 | ||
| Introduction | 190 | ||
| Why was the Depression So Serious for American Society and the Economy? | 190 | ||
| The growth of unemployment and collapse of GDP | 190 | ||
| The effects of the Depression on society, 1929–1932 | 191 | ||
| Gangsterism | 193 | ||
| Why did President Hoover Fail to End the Depression? | 194 | ||
| Smoot–Hawley Tariff , 1930 | 194 | ||
| Homelessness and the Hoovervilles | 194 | ||
| The Reconstruction Finance Corporation | 195 | ||
| Emergency Relief and Construction Act, July 1932 | 196 | ||
| Conclusion | 196 | ||
| How Successful was the First New Deal in Ending the Depression? | 197 | ||
| Emergency relief | 199 | ||
| Public works | 199 | ||
| The Alphabet Agencies | 200 | ||
| Help for farmers | 203 | ||
| Reforming the financial system | 203 | ||
| Opposition to the First New Deal | 205 | ||
| To What Extent had President Roosevelt Brought Recovery by 1938? | 207 | ||
| The Wagner Act, June 1935 | 208 | ||
| The Social Security Act, June 1935 | 208 | ||
| The Revenue Act, August 1935 | 209 | ||
| More aid to farmers | 210 | ||
| Assessment | 210 | ||
| Opposition to the Second New Deal | 211 | ||
| 2a.3: Impact of the New Deal and the Second World War on the USA to 1945 | 214 | ||
| Introduction | 214 | ||
| How Successful was the New Deal in Bringing Economic Recovery to the USA by 1940? | 215 | ||
| The impact of the New Deal | 215 | ||
| Women and the New Deal | 216 | ||
| The state of the US economy in 1940 | 219 | ||
| How Far did the New Deal Affect the Lives of Ethnic Minorities within the USA? | 220 | ||
| The impact of the New Deal on black Americans | 220 | ||
| The impact of the New Deal on Native Americans | 222 | ||
| How did the New Deal affect Hispanic Americans? | 223 | ||
| The contribution of ethnic minorities to the war effort, 1941–45 | 224 | ||
| The 1943 race riots | 225 | ||
| The Double ‘V’ campaign | 225 | ||
| How Far did the Period to 1945 Bring Social and Cultural Change to the USA? | 227 | ||
| Works Progress Administration (WPA): support for writers and musicians | 227 | ||
| Changes in the role of women and black Americans | 228 | ||
| Wartime domestic propaganda | 228 | ||
| The power of Hollywood | 229 | ||
| The growing power of radio | 230 | ||
| Popular music goes to war | 230 | ||
| To What Extent did the Second World War Affect the Performance of the Economy Between 1941 and 1945? | 231 | ||
| The collapse of unemployment | 231 | ||
| Women and the war effort | 232 | ||
| The contribution of young people to the war effort | 233 | ||
| The growing power of trade unions | 233 | ||
| Migration to urban and industrial centres | 234 | ||
| The growth of new industries | 235 | ||
| 2a.4: The transformation of the USA, 1945–55 | 238 | ||
| Introduction | 238 | ||
| How Far was the US Economy Transformed in the Period 1945–55? | 239 | ||
| Changing employment opportunities | 239 | ||
| Government policies to encourage growth | 240 | ||
| Provision for veterans | 241 | ||
| Growing mobility | 242 | ||
| Growth of suburbs and the rise of Levittown projects | 242 | ||
| The new consumer society | 243 | ||
| To What Extent did the Cold War Affect Life within the USA? | 244 | ||
| Anti-communism and the Cold War context | 244 | ||
| The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) and Joseph McCarthy | 244 | ||
| The reality of the nuclear age | 247 | ||
| To What Extent did American Culture Change in the years 1945–55? | 249 | ||
| Hollywood and the Cold War | 249 | ||
| The growing power of television | 251 | ||
| Origins of teenage culture | 253 | ||
| How Far did the Civil Rights of Minorities Improve in the Period 1945–55? | 255 | ||
| Desegregation of the armed forces, 1948 | 256 | ||
| Integration in professional sports and popular entertainment | 257 | ||
| The growth of the NAACP | 258 | ||
| The Brown case of 1954 and the end of school segregation | 259 | ||
| Civil rights: the extent of change by 1955 | 261 | ||
| Preparing for your exams | 265 | ||
| The USA, 1955–92: conformity and challenge | 284 | ||
| Introduction | 284 | ||
| 2b.1: Affuence and conformity, 1955–63 | 286 | ||
| Introduction | 286 | ||
| To What Extent did the USA Experience Considerable Urbanisation and Affluence in the Years 1955 to 1963? | 286 | ||
| The changing nature of cities | 287 | ||
| The expansion of the suburbs | 287 | ||
| Highway development | 288 | ||
| Growing ownership and use of cars | 288 | ||
| White-collar jobs and service industries | 289 | ||
| Consumerism and domestic technology | 290 | ||
| How Important were Changes in Culture in the Years 1955 to 1963? | 291 | ||
| Suburban conformity and social change in film and television | 291 | ||
| Advertising | 293 | ||
| The challenge of teenage culture and music | 293 | ||
| Beatnik culture | 296 | ||
| How Successful was the Civil Rights Movement in Achieving more Rights for Black Americans in the Years 1955 to 1963? | 297 | ||
| The civil rights movement – activism and protest | 297 | ||
| The impact of the march on Washington DC, August 1963 | 299 | ||
| The Ku Klux Klan and White Citizens’ Committees | 300 | ||
| Did J. F. Kennedy’s New Frontier Programme Achieve its Aim? | 303 | ||
| Social welfare and unemployment programmes | 304 | ||
| Environmentalism and the expansion of the National Park Service | 305 | ||
| The Peace Corps | 306 | ||
| The space programme | 306 | ||
| The extent of Kennedy’s domestic achievements | 308 | ||
| 2b.2: Protest and reaction, 1963–72 | 310 | ||
| Introduction | 310 | ||
| How did the Quest for Civil Rights Change Between 1963 and 1972? | 310 | ||
| The significance of Malcolm X, Black Power and the Black Panthers | 310 | ||
| Martin Luther King’s changing priorities, 1963–68 | 313 | ||
| King’s achievements | 314 | ||
| Cesar Chavez and the Chicano movement | 314 | ||
| To What Extent did Protest and Personal Freedom Change in the years 1963 to 1972? | 315 | ||
| Student protest | 315 | ||
| Counterculture and its key features | 316 | ||
| Growth of the women’s movement | 317 | ||
| The impact of sexual liberalisation | 318 | ||
| The origins of gay rights | 319 | ||
| How Successful was President Johnson’s Great Society Programme of 1964 to 1968? | 320 | ||
| Tackling poverty and unemployment | 321 | ||
| Improving housing and cities | 321 | ||
| Improving education | 322 | ||
| Medicare and Medicaid | 323 | ||
| Civil rights legislation | 323 | ||
| Johnson’s achievement in domestic policy | 325 | ||
| How important were Reactions to the Counterculture in the years 1968 to 1972? | 325 | ||
| The rise of the silent majority | 325 | ||
| The role of the media in influencing attitudes | 326 | ||
| The impact of events in Vietnam and at Kent State University, Ohio | 327 | ||
| Nixon’s appeal and his attack on the Great Society | 329 | ||
| 2b.3: Social and political change, 1973–80 | 334 | ||
| Introdcution | 334 | ||
| How Far was there a Crisis of Political Leadership in the Years 1973 to 1980? | 335 | ||
| The impact of Watergate on politics and the presidency | 335 | ||
| Ford, Carter and a new style of leadership | 336 | ||
| Growing political disillusionment | 337 | ||
| The political impact of environmentalism | 339 | ||
| What was the Impact of Economic Change on us Society in the Years 1973 to 1980? | 340 | ||
| The effects of inflation on family incomes | 341 | ||
| The growth of homelessness | 342 | ||
| The oil crisis and the end of cheap energy | 342 | ||
| The impact of foreign competition | 343 | ||
| The government’s response | 344 | ||
| How Far did Popular Culture Change in the Years 1973 to 1980? | 347 | ||
| Business interests in sports | 347 | ||
| The fragmentation of popular music | 349 | ||
| Contradictions in film and television | 349 | ||
| Developments in news media | 350 | ||
| To What Extent did Individual and Civil Rights Improve in the Years 1973 to 1980? | 351 | ||
| The political and social Impact of Roe v Wade | 351 | ||
| Women’s rights | 352 | ||
| Workers’ rights | 352 | ||
| Gay rights | 353 | ||
| Native American rights and the impact of Red Power | 354 | ||
| The status of black Americans | 354 | ||
| 2b.4: Republican dominance and its opponents, 1981–92 | 358 | ||
| Introduction | 358 | ||
| How Successful were Presidents Reagan and Bush Senior in Dealing with the USA’S economic problems? | 358 | ||
| The impact of Reagan’s policies on workers and the family | 358 | ||
| The trade and budget deficits | 360 | ||
| The significance of George Bush Senior’s decision to raise taxes | 361 | ||
| To What Extent was the Religious Right Influential in the Period 1981 to 1992? | 363 | ||
| The promotion of traditional values | 363 | ||
| Campaigns against abortion and homosexuality | 365 | ||
| Nancy Reagan’s Just Say No campaign | 366 | ||
| The growth of bitter political divisions | 367 | ||
| How Far were the Years 1981 to 1992 a Period of Cultural Challenge for American Youth? | 370 | ||
| The impact of technology on popular youth culture | 370 | ||
| The growth of cable television and the influence of MTV | 372 | ||
| The impact of the AIDS crisis | 374 | ||
| Controversial social issues in film and television | 374 | ||
| To What Extent did the Position of Ethnic Minorities and Women Improve in the Years 1981 to 1992? | 376 | ||
| Ethnic minorities | 376 | ||
| The impact of women in politics and the work place | 380 | ||
| Preparing for your exams | 383 | ||
| Index | 402 | ||
| Acknowledgements | 406 |