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Common Pain Conditions - E-Book

Common Pain Conditions - E-Book

Marc S. Micozzi | Sebhia Dibra

(2016)

Additional Information

Book Details

Abstract

Learn to treat pain naturally using evidence-based therapies with Micozzi’s Common Pain Conditions: A Clinical Guide to Natural Treatments. This groundbreaking title provides in-depth information on current natural pain therapies that utilize the latest 21st scientific ideas, including the role of energy in medicine. Each chapter provides content on the biology and neuroscience, as well as social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of each natural treatment approach along with clinical data and pragmatic information about healing pain using these treatments. Whether your patients are suffering from anxiety, arthritis, back pain, chronic fatigue, depression, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel, migraine and tension headaches, phantom pain, post-traumatic stress, ulcers, or just general chronic pain and inflammatory conditions, this book offers the insights and evidence-based guidance you need to successfully treat pain naturally.

  • Coverage of safe and effective natural treatments for common pain conditions provides a wide variety of options for treating the conditions that practitioners most encounter in practice.
  • Evidence-based approach focuses on natural treatments best supported by clinical trials and scientific evidence.
  • Experienced medical educator and author Marc S. Micozzi, MD, PhD, lends extensive experience researching natural therapies.
  • Case studies illustrate specific points and provide clinical applications for added context.
  • Sidebars and in-text boxes feature supplementary, brief background and observations in addition to covering specific topics in detail, and to help introduce complex and challenging topics.
  • Psychometric Evaluation interactive appendix aids in matching each patient to the right, individualized specific remedies.
  • Suggested readings and references for each chapter provide great resources for further research.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Common Pain Conditions: A Clinical Guide to Natural Treatment iii
Copyright iv
Foreword v
References x
About the Authors xiii
Reviewers xv
Preface xvii
Contents xix
Section I: Fundamentals and Basic Sciences 1
Chapter 1: The Problem of Pain and Pain Management: Why Natural Alternatives Are Needed 2
The problem of pain and the problems of pain treatments 2
New models and misses 3
Bringing psychometric assessments to natural medicine and pain treatment 3
Choices in healing pain 4
Consciousness of pain and suffering 4
Better ideas 5
References 5
Suggested Readings 5
Chapter 2: Bioenergetic Foundations of Pain and Inflammation 6
Brief overview of energy medicine 7
Healing energy 7
“The Force” That May Be With You 9
Brief timeline of energy 9
How Was Energy Formed? 9
Energy in the Universe 9
Energy in Everyday Experience 10
Bioenergy 10
Earth, heart, and brain: electromagnetic fields 11
McCraty, Heart-Brain Dynamics Study 14
Meditation From the “Heart” 14
Veritable energy therapies 15
Electromagnetic Therapy 15
Electromagnetic Field Therapy and Inflammation 16
Magnetic Therapy 17
Sound Energy Therapy 18
Plants and Sound 18
The Energy of Thought 19
Catch Your Thoughts 19
References 20
Suggested Readings 22
Chapter 3: Geophysical and Biophysical Energy in Pain and Inflammation 23
The sun, solar radiation, and visible light 23
Light Therapy for the Most Common Cause of Pain 24
Shedding Light on Painful Peptic Ulcers 25
Sinking Your Teeth Into Light Therapy 25
Full Spectrum of Benefits: Migraine Headache and Premenstrual Syndrome 26
Infrared light for stroke and epilepsy 26
Microcurrent stimulation 27
Electrical Cells 27
The earth and earthing 28
19th–20th Century 29
Free electrons: what are free electrons, and how are they absorbed? 29
Conductors, semiconductors, and insulators 30
Microcosm and macrocosm 30
When lightning strikes 31
Cellular reactions 31
Transdifferentiation in Cells 32
Pain and inflammation 33
Wound healing, repair, and recovery 34
Bone and muscle pain, arthritis, and autoimmune conditions 34
Brain and nervous system 35
Earth and body meridians or channels 35
Meridian Point Therapies 35
Acupressure 35
Acupoints and the Brain 36
Energy psychology 36
Energy Blockages and Pain 36
Emotional Freedom Techniques 37
Studies of Energy Psychology 38
Thought Field Therapy 38
Thoughts as energy 38
Applying Thought Field Therapy 40
Healing with the hands, “qigong,” and t’ai chi 40
Qigong Energy and Cells 41
References 41
Suggested Readings 43
Chapter 4: Brain Biology and Neuroscience 44
Biopsychosocial approach to pain 45
Learning pain 46
Congenital analgesia 47
Dark energy and the brain 47
Pain perception 48
Thinking on Pain 49
Amygdala and the fear and anxiety response 50
Bringing Pain to Conscious Awareness 50
Pain pathways 52
Pain and the heart: rhythm and pulse 52
The brain on water 53
Mindfulness mediation and neuroplasticity 55
References 56
Suggested Readings 58
Section II: Mind-Body Medicine 59
Chapter 5: Mind, Meditation, and Mindfulness 60
Anatomy of pain 61
Adapting with pain 61
Adapting to pain 62
The full catastrophe 62
Approaches to treatment 62
Dimensions of pain management 63
Placebo and Nocebo Effects 64
Molecules of Pain 64
Behavioral and Cognitive Counseling Therapies 65
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and the Brain 65
Mindfulness meditation 66
Origins of Meditation 66
Meditation for Health 67
Asian techniques and transcendental meditation 67
Practicing Transcendental Meditation 68
Health Benefits 68
Western techniques and mindfulness meditation 68
Health benefits 70
Mindfulness Therapy for Pain 70
Mindful Mental Processing of Pain 71
Open and Shut Experiences of Mindfulness 72
What Mindfulness Practice Brings to Pain Treatment 73
What Mindfulness Practitioners Bring to Pain Treatment 74
Dose and schedule 74
Managing Pain and Recovery 75
References 75
Suggested Readings 77
Chapter 6: Stress Management, Relaxation, and Biofeedback Therapies 78
The problem of stress 78
What constitutes stress 80
Measuring Stress 81
Change and controlling stress 81
Subjectivity, personality, and psychometric types 82
Your brain on stress 83
Mirroring Reality 83
Effects of Distress and Treating Pain 84
Stress Management and Relaxation 85
Relaxation Response 85
Treating Pain, Inflammation, and Related Conditions 88
Exercise for Stress Reduction 88
Biofeedback therapies 89
The Patient is in Control 90
How Biofeedback Works for Pain 90
Relaxation therapies 93
Doing” Relaxation 93
Blood Flow and Pain Responses 94
Coping with Mood in Pain Conditions 95
Specific Chronic Pain Conditions 95
Headache 95
Posttraumatic Headache and Headache Due to High Levels of Drug Consumption 96
Musculoskeletal Pain 96
Fibromyalgia-Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 97
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Neck Pain 97
Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis 97
Anxiety and depression with pain conditions 98
Pain and Sleep Disorders 99
Pain treatment: general and specific 100
Practitioners and practice settings 101
References 101
Suggested Readings 102
Chapter 7: Mental Imagery, Visualization, and Hypnosis 103
Imagery processing 104
Brain, perception, and imagery 104
Imagery Neurons in the Brain 104
Creating Images and the Subconscious 105
Sleep Deprivation and the Brain 106
Communicative Quality of Imagery 106
Imagery as Therapy 107
Language for Healing Pain 108
Treatment Techniques and Settings 109
Healing Images 110
Chronic Pain and Related Conditions 110
Dose Response 112
Interactive Imagery Technique: the healer within 112
Evocative Imagery 113
Interactive Guided Imagery 114
Treatment of Chronic Pain and Related Conditions 115
Finding Practitioners 116
Hypnosis 117
How Hypnosis Works 118
Power of Suggestion for Pain 120
Physiology of Hypnosis 122
Hypnotic Susceptibility 123
The Hypnotic State 124
Practicing Hypnosis 124
Pain and related conditions 125
Anxiety and Phobias 125
Headache and Pain Management 126
Operative Pain and Surgery 126
Labor and Childbirth 127
Dental Pain and Procedures 127
Finding a Practitioner 128
References 128
Suggested Readings 129
Chapter 8: Mental and Spiritual Healing, and Spiritually Based Rapid Healing 130
Mental healing 130
Implications of Nonlocality 130
Spirituality and healing 132
Power of Prayer 134
Distant healing 136
Spiritually Based Rapid Healing 138
A School of Sufism 139
No One Knows 139
Early Research 139
Others-Healing” Phenomenon 140
Suggestibility 140
Laboratory Studies 142
Field Investigations 142
Biomedical Perspectives 143
Experience of Rapid Wound Healing 145
Biophysical Perspectives 146
Current Research 148
Clinical Applications of Sufi Spiritual Healing Without DCBD 148
References 148
Suggested Readings 150
Section III: Energy Healing, Hand-Mediated, and Biophysical Approaches 151
Chapter 9: Energy Medicine and Therapeutic Touch 152
Subtlety of vital energy 153
Inverse Square Law Versus Quantum Enigma and Entanglement 154
Mechanism of Action 159
Responses to pain 162
Standards of research and practice 162
Mind-body therapies 163
Energy, Expectation, Intention, and Placebo 164
Biofields 165
Energy therapies 166
Energetic Treatments of Chronic Pain Syndromes 169
Myofascial Pain 169
Fibromyalgia 170
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome 171
Phantom Limb Pain 173
Therapeutic Touch for Acute and Chronic Pain 174
Burns and Thermal Injuries 174
Headache 174
Peripheral Neuropathy 175
Postoperative Pain 175
Old Controversies 176
References 177
Suggested Readings 180
Chapter 10: Electromagnetic Therapies: Electricity and Magnetism 181
Attractions of the word and world of magnets 182
Medieval Magnetism 182
Exploration and Enlightenment Ideas 183
Benjamin Franklin (Again) 183
Revolutionary Developments 183
Amping Up Research 186
Magnetic Healing in the Early United States 186
Twentieth-Century Research Worldwide 187
Modern medical magnetism 188
Magnetism Terminology and Principles 189
The Chemistry of Magnetism 189
Field Penetration 189
Penetration of Tissues 191
Biological and Cellular Effects 192
Clinical Observations and Effects 192
Magnetic therapy as energy medicine for pain 194
Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields 196
Bone, Joint and Musculoskeletal Pains 197
Neuropathy and Nerve Injury 197
Selecting a PEMF Device 197
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 198
Safety 200
Research Directions 200
Electrical and Magnetic Devices Used Conventionally in Biomedicine 202
Conventional Biomedical Devices for Alternative Applications 203
Conventional Devices for Treatment in Both Conventional and Alternative Medicine 204
Superconducting Quantum Interference Device 204
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Unit 204
Electro-Acuscope 204
Diapulse 204
Unconventional Devices Used in Alternative Medicine 205
Electroacupuncture Devices 205
Dermatron 205
Vega 205
Mora 205
Other Devices 205
Devices Using Light and Sound Energy 205
Cymatic Instruments 205
Sound Probe 206
Light Beam Generator 206
Infratonic Qui Gong Machine 206
Teslar Watch 206
Kirlian Camera 206
References 206
Suggested Readings 212
Chapter 11: Electromagnetic Therapies: Light and Phototherapies 213
Bioenergetics and electromagnetic therapies 213
Western schools of bioenergy 214
Individual Practitioners 215
Empirical assumptions of bioenergetics 215
Electromagnetic radiation: light 216
Identity of Light 216
Measuring Light and its Energy 216
Healing Light 217
Human Photosynthesis: Light and Vitamin D 217
There Goes the Sun 219
Global Dimensions of Deficiency 220
Effects of Light on Tissues 221
Tissue Optical Properties and Pain 221
Biostimulation 222
Tissue Penetration, Pain, and Thresholds 222
Effects on Cellular Functions 223
Animal Models 224
Human Trials 224
Arthritis pain 225
Carpal tunnel syndrome 225
Nerve pain 226
Low back pain 226
Lower limb pain 227
Migraine headache 227
Cerebral Circulation, Auditory and Vestibular Function 227
Neck pain 228
Neuralgia and pain syndromes 228
Sports injuries 229
Safety 229
References 230
Chapter 12: Spinal Manual Therapy and Chiropractic 233
Origins from magnetic healing 234
Putting Down of Hands 236
Breakthroughs for treating pain 238
Theoretical principles 239
Bone-Out-of-Place Theory 240
Segmental Dysfunction 240
Neural Segmental Facilitation and Chronic Inflammation 243
Evaluation and adjustment 243
Proposed Algorithms 244
Approaches to Pain 245
Neurology and Biomechanics 245
Research studies 246
Research Methodology 246
Appropriate Placebo Control 246
Active Pain Controls 247
University of Colorado Project 248
Low Back Pain 249
Research on Criteria for Referral 249
Preventing Acute From Becoming Chronic Pain 252
Low Back Pain With Leg Pain 253
Chronic Pain Management 254
Cost Effectiveness for Low Back Pain 255
Neck Pain 256
World Health Organization Bone and Joint Decade 256
Headache 258
Arm and Leg Pains 258
Shoulder 259
Hip 260
Knee 260
Ankle 260
Somatovisceral Disorders 261
Infantile Colic 261
Otitis Media 262
Menstrual Pain 262
Safety 262
Stroke 262
References 264
Suggested Readings 269
Chapter 13: Massage, Manual Therapies, and Bodywork 270
The matrix of the body 271
Classical massage 273
Essential Theory in Practice 276
Five Basic Techniques 277
Clinical Applications 280
Massaging Channels: Energy Anatomy and Physiology of Pain 280
Manual acupressure and jin shin do 283
Ayurvedic manipulation 284
Craniosacral therapy 286
Manual energy work 287
Hydrotherapy and thermal therapy 288
Lymphatic drainage techniques 290
Muscle energy technique 292
Myofascial release 292
Myofascial–Soft-Tissue Technique 293
Neural mobilization and manipulation 293
Neuromuscular therapy techniques 294
Orthopedic massage 297
Reflexology 298
Sports massage 299
Strain-counterstrain or positional release technique 300
Resort-Spa therapies 301
Visceral manipulation 301
Osseous techniques 302
Articulatory Technique 302
Cranial Osteopathy 302
High-Velocity, Low-Amplitude Technique 303
Special populations 303
Prenatal and Infant 303
Aging 304
Oncology 305
Hospice 305
Massage practice settings and availability 306
Bodywork 307
Feldenkrais Method 307
Awareness Through Movement and Functional Integration 307
Rolfing 307
Structural Integration Methods 307
Trager Approach 309
Psychophysical Integration and Mentastics 309
References 311
Suggested Readings 313
Section IV: Asian Medical Systems 315
Chapter 14: Foundations of Chinese and East Asian Medicine 316
Origins 316
Consistency in diversity 316
Birth of Chinese Medicine 317
Fu Xi, the Ox Tamer (伏羲, c.3000 BCE), Origins of Medicine 318
Shen Nong, the Divine Husbandman (神農, c.2750 BCE), Origins of Chinese Herbal Medicine 318
Huang Di, the Yellow Emperor (黄帝, c.2650 BCE) Origins of Acupuncture and Qi Manipulation 318
Preservation and Transmission 319
Vital Energy 320
The Middle Kingdom and the Body Politic 320
Flood of Knowledge 321
History of chinese medical practice 322
Development of Chinese Medical Theory and Practice 322
Systematic Chinese Medicine 323
Ming and Qing Dynasties 324
Chinese Medicine in the 20th Century and Today 325
Concepts of chinese medicine 326
The Five Elements or Phases: Earth, Metal, Water, Wood, and Fire 328
The Five-Phase Theory: Constituents, Organs, and Powers 328
Balancing Vital Energy 330
Qi, Essence, and Spirit 331
Body of chinese medicine 331
Anatomy and Physiology 331
Pathology 333
Diagnosis 334
Treatments 337
Choices in chinese medicine 338
The logic of inconsistency 339
Suggested readings 340
Chapter 15: Acupuncture and Moxibustion 341
Sticking to it 341
Moxibustion (jiu fa) 343
Auricular acupuncture 346
Auricular Master Points 347
Musculoskeletal Auricular Points 348
Visceral Disorders 349
Research on acupuncture for pain 350
Research Evidence on Pain Control 354
Acupuncture and Chronic Pain Conditions 355
Low Back Pain 355
Arthritis 356
Headache 356
Mechanism of Actions of Acupuncture in Pain 356
Biomechanical Models 357
Bioelectrical Models 358
Role of Channels and Points 358
Electrical Potential 359
Trigger Points and Pain 360
Splinter Effect Theory 362
Local and Central Nervous System Responses 362
Endogenous Opiates or Endorphins 363
Stimulation of Brain Centers 364
Evaluating Acupuncture Research 365
Outlook for safe and effective treatments 366
References 366
Suggested Readings 368
Chapter 16: East Asian Manual and Movement Therapies Part One: Acupressure, Jin Shin Do, Qigong, Reflexology, T’ai Chi, an ... 369
Tui na: manual point stimulation (chinese massage) 369
Acupressure and jin shin do 370
Reflexology 371
Feedback Control 372
Qigong and t’ai chi (qi cultivation) 374
How Qigong Works 374
Understanding Qigong 375
Forms of Qigong 375
Qigong Practice 376
Qigong Observed 377
Daoist Dialectic 378
Change, Contradiction, and Holism 380
The I Ching: A System for Comprehending Change 381
Back in the Middle 384
Now, Take a Breath 385
Qigong in the 21st Century 386
Qigong as a Bioenergy Modality 388
References 390
Suggested Readings 390
Chapter 17: East Asian Manual and Movement Therapies Part Two: Reiki and Shiatsu 391
Reiki 391
Retrospective Shinto Roots 391
Healing What Is Needed 393
Intentionality in Healing 394
Treatment Styles 395
Three Degrees of Reiki 395
Research 397
Shiatsu 397
Everything Is Energy 398
Acupuncture without Needles? 400
Principles 400
Scope of Practice 401
The Art of Diagnosis 402
Learning Shiatsu 404
Relaxed and Revitalized 405
Five Element Shiatsu 406
Japanese Shiatsu 406
Macrobiotic Shiatsu 406
Shiatsu Anma Therapy 407
Zen Shiatsu 407
Research 407
Finding a Practitioner 408
Reference 409
Suggested Readings 409
Chapter 18: Ayurveda and Traditional Treatments of India 410
Ayurveda: The science of life 410
Five elements 411
Three Doshas 412
Seven Dhatus 414
The Three Malas 414
Importance of Diet and Digestion 414
Three Agnis 414
Ama 415
Thirteen Kinds of Srotas 415
Body constitution 415
Prakriti 416
Mental States 417
Naming disease 417
Diagnosis and treatment 418
Feeling the Pulse: Snake, Frog, and Bird 419
Urine Examination 419
Examining the Body 419
Fivefold Steps 420
Continuous Healing 421
Purification: Five Actions 421
Herbal Remedies 421
Compounding 423
Siddha Medicine of South India 425
Southern Sources 425
Middle Eastern Connections 426
Buddhist Connections 426
Spiritual Sources 427
Shiva and Shakti 427
Diagnosis: Eight Features 429
Treatment 431
General Medicine 431
Toxicology 432
Ophthalmology 432
Rejuvenation Therapy (Healthy Aging) 432
Pharmacopoeia 433
Plant Products 436
Animal Products 436
Herbs for Pain and Inflammation Used in South and Southeast Asia 437
Boswellia serrata (Frankincense) 437
Capsicum annuum (Chili Pepper) 439
Curcuma longa (Turmeric) 439
Withania somnifera (Winter Cherry) 439
Zingiber officinale (Ginger) 439
Clinical Pain Treatments 439
Allergies and Asthma 440
Arthritis 441
Headache and Fever 442
Peptic Ulcer (Stomach and Duodenum) 444
Individualized Medical Profile According to Ayurveda 445
References 445
Chapter 19: Yoga and Breathing 446
The yoke is on you 446
The Vedas 447
Human Pain, Suffering, and Spirit 448
Karma 449
Bhakti: devotion 450
Kundalini 452
Chakras 452
Nadis 454
Hatha-Yoga 454
Mental Imagery 456
Meditation 457
Mantras 457
Tantra 457
Physiology of yoga practice and breathing 458
Postures (Asanas) 459
Breathing Practices (Pranayama) 459
Long Deep Breathing 459
Individual Nostril Breathing and Alternate Nostril Breathing 460
Fast Breathing 461
Other Breathing Techniques 462
Pain treatment 462
Mechanisms of Action 463
Yoga as Therapy 464
References 466
Section V: Natural and Nutritional Remedies for Pain, Inflammation, and Diseases of Chronic I ... 469
Chapter 20: Nutrition and Hydration Part One: Water, Vitamin, and Mineral Micronutrients: Efficacy of Vitamin Supplementati ... 470
Introduction to vitamin and mineral micronutrients 470
Natural sources of vitamins and nutrients 471
Food and Water 471
Water and hydration 472
Water and Fluoridation 472
Enter the nutritional era 472
Discovery of Vitamins 473
Contemporary Research 475
Factors Contributing to Vitamin Deficiency: “The Death” of Water 475
Natural Salts Found in Water 475
Rain and Water Cycle 476
Global Drinking Water Supply 477
Chemicals and Heavy Metals 477
Many Facets of Fluoride 478
Inflammation 479
Neurotoxic Effects 480
Bone Cancer and Bone Diseases 480
Thyroid Function 481
Inhibition of Enzymes 481
Fluoride Accumulation 482
Fluoride Regulation 482
Sources of Natural and Artificial Fluoride 483
Organically Derived Fluoride—Fluorine 484
References 485
Suggested Readings 490
Chapter 21: Nutrition and Hydration Part Two: Micronutrient Deficiencies and Dietary Supplementation 491
Food production 492
Pain, chronic inflammatory diseases, and micronutrient deficiencies 493
Populations in Chronic Pain 494
Newborns, Toddlers, and Children 494
Growing Problem 494
Quality of vitamin supplements 495
Synthetic Vitamins 495
Vitamin and Herbal Industrial Formulations 496
Vitamin Units of Measurement 496
Recommended Daily Allowances Standards Determination 498
Vitamin D 499
Energetic properties of micronutrients 500
Vitamin Micronutrient Deficiency Tests 500
Intracellular Nutrient Analysis 501
References 501
Suggested Readings 503
Chapter 22: Nutrition and Hydration Part Three: Management of Pain and Inflammation with Micronutrients and Foods 504
Iron 505
Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, and B12 505
Vitamin C 506
Vitamin D 507
Versatility 507
New Kinds of Cancer 509
Foods That Reduce Chronic Inflammation and Cancer 510
Broccoli 510
Olive Oil 511
Salmon 511
Coping With Pain and Stress: Vitamins B and D 511
Vitamin E 513
Treatment of pain and pain-related conditions 514
Inflammation and Inflammatory Conditions 514
Migraine Headache, Premenstrual Syndrome, and Menstrual Cramps 514
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 516
Diabetic Neuropathy and Pain 516
Nerve and Neuropathic Pain 516
Restless Legs Syndrome 517
Cerebral Stroke 517
Neurological disorders, depression, dementia, and demyelinating myelopathy 518
Foods and phytochemicals 519
Probiotics 520
Digestive Enzymes 521
Coffee, Type 2 Diabetes, and Inflammation 521
References 522
Suggested Readings 523
Chapter 23: Plant-Based Treatments Part One: Herbal Remedies for Pain, Inflammation, and Diseases of Chronic Inflammation 524
Introduction: herbal remedies 524
Herbal Authenticity 525
Contemporary herbalism 526
Herbs for Pain Relief 527
Inflammation: A Root Cause of Physical Pain 527
Immune System in Action: Acute Inflammation After Injury 527
Testing for Presence of Chronic Inflammation 528
Diseases of Chronic Inflammation 528
Treating Pain, Inflammation, and Diseases of Chronic Inflammation 528
Aloe Vera 529
Black Cohosh: Cimicifuga racemosa 529
Boswellia: Boswellia sacra 529
Capsaicin: Capsicum annum 530
Perception of Pain 531
Cloves: Syzygium aromaticum 532
Cranberry: Vaccinium macrocarpon 532
Curcumin: Curcuma longa 533
Osteoarthritis Remedy 535
Elderberry: Sambucus nigra 535
Evening Primrose Oil: Oenothera biennis 535
Garlic: Allium sativum 535
Ginkgo: Ginkgo biloba 536
Hearing and Tinnitus 539
Kava: Piper methysticum 539
Red Wine: Resveratrol 541
Rooibos (Aspal): Aspalathus linearis 542
Thunder God Vine: Tripterygium wilfordii 543
Valerian: Valeriana officinalis 544
Winter Cherry: Withania somnifera 545
Wolfberry: Lycium barbarum 546
Diseases of Chronic Inflammation 546
Latest research on practical pain supplements and synergies 547
References 554
Suggested Readings 557
Chapter 24 Plant-Based Treatments Part Two: Aromatherapy and Plant Essential Oils 558
Aromatherapy and breathing in the 21st century 560
Extraction of Oils From Plants 561
Vibrational Frequency Influences From Plants 563
Aerosol therapies 566
Aromas in the Brain and Central Nervous System 566
Treatment of Pain, Inflammation, and Related Conditions 567
References 570
Suggested Readings 571
Appendix I: Psychometrics of Pain I nteractive T ools for I ndividualized P atient P ain M anagement 572
The Boundary Questionnaire 573
Obtaining Your Score 574
Finding the Right Treatments for Each Patient 575
Appropriate Treatments for Each Psychometric Type 575
Pain Relief 576
Pain Treatment Profile 578
Hypnosis: A 250-Year-Old Mystery Investigated 578
Individualized Medicine: Guide to Managing Pain 579
References 579
Appendix II Patient Monitoring Pain and Related Symptoms 580
Illustration Credits 582
Index 583