Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Neurology & Psychiatry is a new e-book in a collection of subject-themed e-books containing relevant key articles from Paediatrics & Child Health. The e-books provide a perfect source of revision for post-graduate exams in paediatrics and portfolio material for life-long learning.
As well as mapping to the requirements of post-graduate training in paediatrics, these e-books also enable anyone with a short-term interest in a specific area to buy individual articles at a price-point that will give affordable access to all readers (from medical students to GPs and practitioners in related areas). The quality of user experience on mobiles, tablets and laptops will be an added bonus for learning on the move.
About the journal
The parent journal (http://www.paediatricsandchildhealthjournal.co.uk/) is a rolling, continuously updated review of clinical medicine over a 4-year cycle covering all the important topics for post-graduate exams in paediatrics. The journal’s articles are refreshed, updated, augmented or replaced as appropriate each time the subject is due for revision to provide a concise overview of knowledge and practice core to the curriculum. Each article is written by invited experts and overseen by the relevant subject specialist on the Board. A trainee representative on the Board ensures relevance and accessibility for exam candidates.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Cover | Cover | ||
| Neurology and Psychiatry: Prepare\rfor the MRCPCH | Fm-1 | ||
| Copyright Page | Fm-2 | ||
| PREFACE | Fm-4 | ||
| Table of Contents | Fm-5 | ||
| Section 1: Neurology | 1 | ||
| Spinal dysraphic anomalies;\rclassification, presentation\rand management | 1 | ||
| Introduction | 1 | ||
| Embryological basis of spinal dysraphism | 1 | ||
| Classification of spinal dysraphism | 3 | ||
| Clinical presentation | 3 | ||
| Cutaneous stigmata | 3 | ||
| The neuro-orthopaedic syndrome | 4 | ||
| Tethered spinal cord | 5 | ||
| Other presentations | 5 | ||
| Investigations | 5 | ||
| Dermal sinus track | 6 | ||
| Split cord malformation (SCM | 6 | ||
| Thickened filum terminale | 6 | ||
| Spinal lipoma/lipomyelocele | 7 | ||
| Prognosis and complications | 7 | ||
| Prevention | 7 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 7 | ||
| Childhood CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases | 9 | ||
| Definitions | 9 | ||
| Epidemiology | 9 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 9 | ||
| Clinical features | 10 | ||
| Investigations | 12 | ||
| Follow up | 15 | ||
| Current and future research | 15 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 15 | ||
| Tourette Syndrome | 17 | ||
| Introduction | 17 | ||
| Clinical aspects of tics and related symptoms | 17 | ||
| Co-morbid conditions | 17 | ||
| Differential diagnosis | 18 | ||
| Prognosis | 18 | ||
| What is the cause of Tourette Syndrome? | 18 | ||
| Management | 19 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 20 | ||
| The acute management of children’s brain injuries | 22 | ||
| Introduction | 22 | ||
| Preventing traumatic brain injury in children | 22 | ||
| Principles of care once an injury has occurred | 22 | ||
| Care of brain injured children before reaching hospital | 22 | ||
| Care within the trauma receiving hospital | 23 | ||
| Acute radiological investigation of brain injured children | 24 | ||
| Transfer to definitive care | 24 | ||
| Paediatric intensive care and neuro-surgery | 25 | ||
| Children’s rehabilitation in TBI | 25 | ||
| Conclusion | 25 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 25 | ||
| Rehabilitation following sudden onset neurological conditions | 27 | ||
| Introduction | 27 | ||
| The neurobiology of rehabilitation | 28 | ||
| Cost-effectiveness evidence | 28 | ||
| The process of rehabilitation | 28 | ||
| The future | 30 | ||
| Conclusion | 31 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 31 | ||
| Arterial ischaemic stroke in childhood | 32 | ||
| Definitions | 32 | ||
| Epidemiology | 32 | ||
| Aetiology | 32 | ||
| Clinical presentation | 33 | ||
| Acute pharmacological treatment | 34 | ||
| The inpatient admission | 36 | ||
| Long-term management and secondary prevention of stroke | 36 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 37 | ||
| Pitfalls in the diagnosis and misdiagnosis of epilepsy | 38 | ||
| Introduction | 38 | ||
| Incidence and prevalence | 38 | ||
| Diagnosing epilepsy | 38 | ||
| Difficulties in history | 38 | ||
| Under-diagnosis | 38 | ||
| Misdiagnosis | 39 | ||
| Conditions that can mimic epilepsy | 39 | ||
| Syncopal/cardiogenic events | 39 | ||
| Behavioural events | 39 | ||
| Sleep related events | 40 | ||
| Feeding | 41 | ||
| Neurological | 41 | ||
| The role of investigations | 42 | ||
| Who should make the diagnosis? | 42 | ||
| Conclusion | 42 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 43 | ||
| The infant with seizures (excluding neonatal seizures) | 44 | ||
| Introduction | 44 | ||
| Pathophysiology | 44 | ||
| Clinical course | 45 | ||
| Investigations | 45 | ||
| Ophthalmology | 49 | ||
| Other investigations | 50 | ||
| Management | 50 | ||
| Conclusion | 50 | ||
| REFERENCES JOURNAL ARTICLES | 50 | ||
| BOOKS | 50 | ||
| Epilepsy syndromes of childhood and adolescence | 52 | ||
| Introduction | 52 | ||
| Severe epilepsy syndromes of infancy and early childhood | 52 | ||
| Severe epilepsy syndromes of later childhood and adolescence | 54 | ||
| Benign or self-limiting epilepsies with onset in the first year oflife | 54 | ||
| Benign or self-limiting focal epilepsy syndromes of laterchildhood and adolescence | 56 | ||
| Benign or self-limiting generalized epilepsy syndromes of later childhood and adolescence | 56 | ||
| Conclusions | 57 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 57 | ||
| When and how should we treat epilepsy in children? | 58 | ||
| Introduction | 58 | ||
| Diagnosis | 58 | ||
| Case vignettes | 58 | ||
| When to treat? | 59 | ||
| When not to treat? | 59 | ||
| Treatment by seizure type | 59 | ||
| Case vignettes | 61 | ||
| Summary and conclusions | 62 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 62 | ||
| Reflex asytolic syncope | 64 | ||
| Introduction | 64 | ||
| Scope | 64 | ||
| Epidemiology | 64 | ||
| Terminology | 64 | ||
| Clinical course of RAS | 67 | ||
| History | 68 | ||
| Examination | 68 | ||
| Investigations | 68 | ||
| Differential diagnosis | 68 | ||
| Management | 68 | ||
| Follow-up | 69 | ||
| Conclusion | 69 | ||
| FURTHER READING SYNCOPE IN CHILDREN | 69 | ||
| REFLEX INFANTILE SYNCOPE (RAS AND RES) | 69 | ||
| ANOXIC EPILEPTIC SEIZURES | 69 | ||
| FAMILIAL EXTREME PAIN DISORDER | 69 | ||
| FABRICATED OR INDUCED ILLNESS | 69 | ||
| CARDIAC PACING FOR RAS | 69 | ||
| Clinical networks in epilepsy in children | 70 | ||
| Introduction | 70 | ||
| How many children does this affect? | 70 | ||
| The diagnostic challenge provided by epilepsy | 70 | ||
| Background events during which networks have developed | 71 | ||
| Current networks | 72 | ||
| The argument against sub-specialist general paediatricians | 73 | ||
| Epilepsy 12 audit | 73 | ||
| Conclusion | 73 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 74 | ||
| Management and outcome of encephalitis in children | 75 | ||
| Epidemiology | 75 | ||
| When should a clinician suspect a diagnosis of encephalitis? | 75 | ||
| Initial management of children with suspected encephalitis | 76 | ||
| History/Examination | 76 | ||
| What clinical features may suggest a specific aetiological\rdiagnosis? | 78 | ||
| Investigations | 78 | ||
| What treatment should be commenced? | 79 | ||
| Is there a role for steroid therapy in HSVE? | 80 | ||
| When can aciclovir treatment be stopped? | 80 | ||
| Outcomes for children with encephalitis | 81 | ||
| What follow up is recommended? | 81 | ||
| Ongoing research into newer treatments | 81 | ||
| Summary | 81 | ||
| REFERENCES | 81 | ||
| Evaluation of the floppy\rinfant | 83 | ||
| Recognition of the floppy infant | 83 | ||
| Approach to the evaluation of the floppy infant | 83 | ||
| Investigations | 84 | ||
| Congenital myopathies | 86 | ||
| Congenital muscular dystrophies | 87 | ||
| Connective tissue disorders | 87 | ||
| Combined central and peripheral hypotonia (Box 9) | 88 | ||
| Pompe disease | 88 | ||
| Congenital disorders of glycosylation CDG | 88 | ||
| Mitochondrial encephalomyopathies | 88 | ||
| Treatment | 88 | ||
| FURTHER READINGS | 89 | ||
| Recent developments in the\rmanagement of Duchenne\rmuscular dystrophy | 90 | ||
| Introduction | 90 | ||
| Diagnosis | 90 | ||
| Treatment, management and follow-up | 91 | ||
| Treatments | 92 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 98 | ||
| Management of respiratory\rdisease in children with\rmuscular weakness | 100 | ||
| Introduction | 100 | ||
| Pathophysiology, risk factors and problems | 100 | ||
| Assessment | 103 | ||
| Treatment | 105 | ||
| Conclusion | 106 | ||
| Financial disclosure | 106 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 106 | ||
| Management of convulsive\rstatus epilepticus in children | 107 | ||
| Introduction | 107 | ||
| Definition | 107 | ||
| Epidemiology | 107 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 107 | ||
| Aetiology | 107 | ||
| Differential diagnosis | 108 | ||
| Investigations | 109 | ||
| Management | 109 | ||
| Prognosis | 111 | ||
| Follow-up | 112 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 112 | ||
| Evaluation of headaches | 113 | ||
| Introduction | 113 | ||
| Classifying paediatric headaches | 113 | ||
| Clinical assessment of headache in children | 114 | ||
| History | 114 | ||
| Examination | 114 | ||
| Investigation | 115 | ||
| Acute severe headache | 115 | ||
| Other temporal patterns of headache | 116 | ||
| Specific headache syndromes | 116 | ||
| Migraine headaches | 116 | ||
| Tension-type headache | 117 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 117 | ||
| Management of neonatal\rhydrocephalus | 118 | ||
| Introduction | 118 | ||
| Treatment choices | 118 | ||
| Congenital problems | 119 | ||
| Conclusion | 119 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 119 | ||
| Section 2: Psychiatry | 121 | ||
| Dealing with acutely\rdisruptive children\rin hospital | 121 | ||
| Introduction | 121 | ||
| Understanding the impact of “Systemic Anxiety” in behavioural\rdisturbance | 121 | ||
| Hidden risks of disturbed behaviour | 122 | ||
| Environment | 122 | ||
| Distraction techniques | 122 | ||
| Restraint | 122 | ||
| Medication | 122 | ||
| The law | 123 | ||
| Advice on specific mental health conditions | 123 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 124 | ||
| Diagnosing autism | 125 | ||
| What is autism? | 125 | ||
| Epidemiology | 125 | ||
| What causes autism spectrum disorders? | 125 | ||
| Making a diagnosis | 126 | ||
| Symptoms and signs of autism spectrum disorders | 126 | ||
| Psychiatric, neurodevelopmental and behavioural co-morbidities | 127 | ||
| Assessment | 127 | ||
| History | 128 | ||
| Examination | 128 | ||
| Investigations | 128 | ||
| Multiagency assessment | 129 | ||
| Management | 129 | ||
| Prognosis | 129 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 129 | ||
| Behavioural eating disorders | 131 | ||
| Introduction | 131 | ||
| Epidemiology | 131 | ||
| Pathology and pathogenesis | 132 | ||
| Course of the disease(s) | 133 | ||
| Outcome and prognosis | 133 | ||
| Diagnosis | 133 | ||
| Physical assessment (Table 4) | 134 | ||
| Management | 135 | ||
| Psychological interventions | 136 | ||
| Follow-up | 137 | ||
| Prevention | 137 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 137 | ||
| Obsessive—compulsive disorder in children and adolescents | 138 | ||
| Introduction | 138 | ||
| Aetiology | 138 | ||
| Definitions | 138 | ||
| Assessment and diagnosis | 139 | ||
| Co-morbidity, related disorders and differential diagnoses | 140 | ||
| Treatment | 141 | ||
| Conclusions | 143 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 143 | ||
| Conduct disorders in children\rand adolescents | 144 | ||
| Introduction | 144 | ||
| Definitions | 144 | ||
| Prevalence | 144 | ||
| Aetiology | 145 | ||
| Co-morbid difficulties | 146 | ||
| Outcomes | 146 | ||
| Assessment | 146 | ||
| Interventions | 147 | ||
| Concluding remarks | 148 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 148 | ||
| Stress and post-traumatic\rstress disorder | 150 | ||
| Introduction | 150 | ||
| Definition | 150 | ||
| Diagnostic criteria | 150 | ||
| Epidemiology | 150 | ||
| Pathogenesis | 151 | ||
| Natural history | 151 | ||
| Assessment | 152 | ||
| Differential diagnosis | 152 | ||
| Role of the Paediatrician | 152 | ||
| Management and prevention | 152 | ||
| Psychological treatment | 153 | ||
| Pharmacological intervention | 153 | ||
| New developments in the field | 153 | ||
| FURTHER READING | 153 |