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Geriatric Pain Management, An Issue of Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, E-Book

Geriatric Pain Management, An Issue of Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, E-Book

M. Carrington Reid

(2016)

Additional Information

Abstract

This issue of Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, Guest Edited by Dr. M. Carrington Reid, is devoted to Geriatric Pain Management. Articles in this timely issue include: Overview of Pain Management in the Older Adult; Assessment Approaches in Geriatric Pain Management; Pharmacotherapies in Geriatric Pain Management; Psychological Approaches in Geriatric Pain Management; Exercise and Movement-based Therapies in Geriatric Pain Management; Non-surgical Interventional Approaches in Geriatric Pain Management; Interdisciplinary Approach to Managing Pain in Geriatric Patients; Role of Opioid Medications in Geriatric Pain Management; Pain Beliefs and Attitudes in Geriatric Patients; Role of Emerging Technologies in Geriatric Pain Management; Impact of Pain on Family Members and Caregivers of Geriatric Patients; and Pain in the Geriatric Patient with Advanced Chronic Disease.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Cover
Geriatric Pain Management\r i
Copyright\r ii
Contributors iii
EDITOR iii
AUTHORS iii
Contents vii
Preface vii
Overview of Pain Management in Older Adults vii
Pain in the Geriatric Patient with Advanced Chronic Disease vii
Impact of Pain on Family Members and Caregivers of Geriatric Patients vii
Assessment and Measurement of Pain in Adults in Later Life vii
Interdisciplinary Approaches to Managing Pain in Older Adults viii
Pharmacotherapies in Geriatric Chronic Pain Management viii
The Role of Opioid Analgesics in Geriatric Pain Management viii
Exercise and Movement-based Therapies in Geriatric Pain Management viii
Psychological Approaches to Coping with Pain in Later Life ix
Interventional Techniques for Management of Pain in Older Adults ix
Role of Emerging Technologies in Geriatric Pain Management ix
Expanding Targets for Intervention in Later Life Pain: What Role Can Patient Beliefs, Expectations, and Pleasant Activities ... ix
CLINICS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE\r x
FORTHCOMING ISSUES x
February 2017 x
May 2017 x
August 2017 x
RECENT ISSUES x
August 2016 x
May 2016 x
February 2016 x
Preface xi
REFERENCE xii
Overview of Pain Management in Older Adults 635
Key points 635
INTRODUCTION 635
EPIDEMIOLOGY 636
Pain and Advancing Age 637
Type and Sites of Pain 637
Risk Factors 640
Summary 640
BARRIERS TO PAIN MANAGEMENT 641
GUIDELINES AND APPROACHES TO PAIN MANAGEMENT 642
Identification and Assessment of Pain 642
Pain Management 643
Pharmacologic pain treatments 643
Nonpharmacologic pain treatments 643
SUMMARY 644
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 645
REFERENCES 645
Pain in the Geriatric Patient with Advanced Chronic Disease 651
Key points 651
INTRODUCTION 651
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE 652
Epidemiology and Prevalence 652
Etiology of Pain 652
Chronic stable angina 652
Noncardiac pain 652
Symptoms That Co-occur with Pain 652
Challenges and Management of Pain 653
END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE 653
Epidemiology and Prevalence 653
Etiology of Pain 653
Chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder 653
Calciphylaxis 654
Polycystic kidney disease 654
Comorbidities and dialysis-associated pain 654
Symptoms That Co-occur with Pain 654
Challenges and Management of Pain 654
Chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder, calciphylaxis, polycystic kidney disease 655
Other treatments 655
STROKE 655
Epidemiology and Prevalence 655
Etiology of Pain 656
Central poststroke pain 656
Muscle spasticity 656
Poststroke shoulder pain 656
Symptoms That Co-occur with Pain 656
Challenges and Management of Pain 656
SUMMARY 657
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 658
REFERENCES 658
Impact of Pain on Family Members and Caregivers of Geriatric Patients 663
Key points 663
OLDER ADULT’S PAIN AND RELATIONSHIP FUNCTIONING 664
Pain Perception 665
Coping Behavior 665
Pain Communication 666
IMPACT OF PAIN ON FAMILY MEMBERS’ PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING 666
Relationship Closeness 666
Pain Communication 667
Self-efficacy in pain communication 667
IMPACT OF PAIN ON PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING 667
Relationship Closeness 667
FUTURE DIRECTIONS 668
Patient Age 668
Relationship to the Patient 668
Caregiver Status 669
Chronic Pain and Multimorbidity 669
PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS 669
SUMMARY 670
REFERENCES 671
Assessment and Measurement of Pain in Adults in Later Life 677
Key points 677
INTRODUCTION 677
PAIN ASSESSMENT 678
Importance of Assessment 678
Types and causes of pain 679
Initiation of Pain Assessment 679
Intent of Assessment 680
Challenges in obtaining self-report 680
General self-report approach: pain presence 681
Condition-specific self-report approach: pain presence 681
Proxy report to support self-report 684
Unidimensional self-report tools: pain intensity and impact 684
Intensity 684
Impact/interference 687
Multidimensional self-report tools: Pain intensity and impact 687
Goals for comfort–function–mood 688
PAIN REASSESSMENT 688
SUMMARY 689
REFERENCES 689
Interdisciplinary Approaches to Managing Pain in Older Adults 693
Key points 693
INTRODUCTION 693
WHY THE NEED FOR AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH? 694
Description of Pain in the Older Adult 694
Difficult Pain Management in the Older Adult 694
A Comprehensive Approach is Recommended 695
Interdisciplinary Team and Roles in Pain Management 695
Challenges of Assembling and Working in Interdisciplinary Teams 697
Summary of Evidence that Interdisciplinary Pain Care Teams Are Effective 698
SUMMARY 702
REFERENCES 702
Pharmacotherapies in Geriatric Chronic Pain Management 705
Key points 705
CHALLENGES TO MANAGING PAIN IN LATER LIFE 706
EXISTING GUIDELINES FOR MANAGING CHRONIC PAIN IN LATER LIFE 706
Specific Pharmacologic Agents 707
Topicals 707
Menthol/Methyl Salicylate 707
Capsaicin 707
Lidocaine 707
Topical Diclofenac 709
General Considerations 709
Acetaminophen 709
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs 711
Adjuvant Therapies 712
Antidepressants 713
Antiepileptics 714
Muscle Relaxants 716
New Analgesics in the Pipeline 718
Making a Plan: Approach to Managing Chronic Pain in Older Adults with Pharmacologic Agents 718
Expectations and treatment goals 718
Monitoring and managing medication adjustments for older adults 718
REFERENCES 719
Appendix 1. APPENDIX 1 RECOMMENDED RESOURCES FOR PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS 724
The Role of Opioid Analgesics in Geriatric Pain Management 725
Key points 725
INTRODUCTION 725
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF OPIOID USE AND TREATMENT BENEFITS FOR CHRONIC NONCANCER PAIN IN OLDER PERSONS 726
AGE-RELATED PHARMACOKINETIC AND PHARMACODYNAMIC CHANGES AND RISKS OF OPIOIDS IN OLDER PERSONS 727
OPTIMIZING OPIOIDS IN OLDER PERSONS 730
SUMMARY 732
REFERENCES 732
Exercise and Movement-based Therapies in Geriatric Pain Management 737
Key points 737
INTRODUCTION 737
RESISTANCE EXERCISE 739
AEROBIC EXERCISE 746
MULTIMODAL EXERCISE 746
PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION AND EXERCISE 752
AQUATICS 752
OTHER EXERCISE MODALITIES 756
SUMMARY 756
REFERENCES 759
Psychological Approaches to Coping with Pain in Later Life 763
Key points 763
INTRODUCTION 763
NORMAL AGING AND ADJUSTMENT 764
FRACTURED AGING AND CHRONIC PAIN 765
Identity 765
Depression 765
Disability 766
PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS 766
COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR CHRONIC PAIN 766
NEXT-GENERATION COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS 767
SUMMARY 768
REFERENCES 768
Interventional Techniques for Management of Pain in Older Adults 773
Key points 773
INTRODUCTION 773
LUMBAR EPIDURAL INJECTIONS 774
LUMBAR FACET INJECTIONS 776
PERCUTANEOUS VERTEBRAL AUGMENTATION 776
SACROILIAC JOINT INJECTIONS 777
OSTEOARTHRITIC JOINT PAIN 779
Knee Joint 780
Hip Joint 782
SUMMARY 783
REFERENCES 783
Role of Emerging Technologies in Geriatric Pain Management 787
Key points 787
INTRODUCTION 787
EVIDENCE REGARDING THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PAIN CARE 788
Pain Assessment 788
Evaluation of the iPhone Pain Assessment Application for People with Dementia 789
Pain Management 790
Pain Management Applications 790
Clinical Dashboards 791
Internet-Based Interventions 791
Text Messaging 792
CHALLENGES WITH TECHNOLOGY 792
Challenges for Health Care Staff Using Technology for Pain Management 792
Appropriateness of Technology in the Clinical Setting 792
Cost 792
Infrastructure 793
Technical Support 793
Hygiene 793
Challenges for Patients Using Technology for Pain Management 793
SUMMARY 794
REFERENCES 794
Expanding Targets for Intervention in Later Life Pain 797
Key points 797
PAIN ATTITUDES AND BELIEFS 798
Targeting Patient Attitudes and Beliefs in Practice 800
PATIENT EXPECTATIONS 801
Targeting Patient Expectations in Practice 802
PLEASURABLE ACTIVITY SCHEDULING 802
Targeting Pleasurable Activity Scheduling in Practice 803
SUMMARY 803
REFERENCES 803
Index 807