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Digital Kids

Digital Kids

Martin L. Kutscher | Natalie Rosin

(2016)

Abstract

For many children and teens daily Internet use is the norm - but where should we draw the line when it comes to digital media usage? This handy book lays out the essential information needed to understand and prevent excessive Internet use that negatively impacts behaviour, education, family life, and even physical health.

Martin L. Kutscher, MD analyses neurological, psychological and educational research and draws on his own experience to show when Internet use stops being a good thing and starts to become excessive. He shows how to spot digital addictions, and offers whole family approaches for limiting the harmful effects of too much screen time, such as helping kids to learn to control their own Internet use. He tackles diverse questions ranging from the effects of laptops in the classroom and reading on a digital screen, to whether violent videogames lead to aggression. The author also explains how ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can make you more susceptible to Internet addiction, suggesting practical strategies to suit these specific needs. Discussing both the good and bad aspects of the internet, this book tells you everything you need to know to help children and young people use the internet in a healthy, balanced way.


By emphasizing social transactions and the social rules of digital society, as well as the safe use of digital media, this book will help to create boundaries and strengthen understanding of the digital world, without frightening the reader about the use and culture of social media and the internet in general. I strongly recommend this book for parents to encourage them to get involved with what their 'digital kids' are doing online.
Ioannis Voskopoulos, Psychologist
Imagine you're at an Ivy League school with one of their best professors. The lecturer is crisp, to the point and complete. This is what Dr Martin Kutscher has done with Digital Kids. In a crisp, easy way he teaches us the ins and outs of cyberspace, but more importantly, we learn how to raise well-adjusted kids in the Digital Age. Digital Kids is a true contribution and a must for both professionals and parents.
Mark Banschick, MD, psychiatrist, child advocate, author and contributor at Psychology Today
Martin L. Kutscher, M.D. is a pediatric neurologist with more than 25 years' experience diagnosing and treating families affected by ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorder, LD, tics and other neurobehavioural disorders. He is the author of Kids in the Syndrome Mix of ADHD, LD, Autism Spectrum, Tourette's, Anxiety, and More!, ADHD - Living without Brakes and Children with Seizures, also published by JKP. He lives in New York, USA. Visit his website at www.KidsBehavioralNeurology.com.
Eye-opening research that validates parents' concerns regarding the relationship their kids have with digital technology can be found in Digital Kids. Dr Kutscher's easy to understand explanations of many topics such as multi-tasking vs multi-switching, the effects of technology on reading comprehension, and the difficulty of switching from playing video games to starting homework, makes Digital Kids a great resource for parents and educators!
Marcella Moran, MA, LMHC, The Kid Organizer, thekidorganizer.com
Today's children quickly gravitate to - and master - electronic devices. This leaves their parents both proud and fearful. What is the impact on social skills and brain development? The antidote to fear is knowledge, explains veteran pediatric neurologist Martin Kutscher. In this engagingly written book, he gently walks you through the issues and the ways you can create healthy balance in your child's life.
Gina Pera, Adult ADHD expert, author of Is It You, Me, or Adult A.D.D.?
A comprehensive, scientifically backed, yet down to earth guide for parents trying to understand this confusing digital world and how it impacts their children, especially the more vulnerable. The honest straightforward talk on parents' responsibilities for their child's internet use and how to meet them is invaluable.
Heidi Bernhardt, President and Executive Director, Centre for ADHD Awareness, Canada

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Digital Kids: How to Balance Screen Time, and Why it Matters by Martin L. Kutscher, MD 3
Disclaimer 6
Introduction 11
The recent explosion of digital technology and services 12
The Internet: The good part 12
The extent of screen-time usage 13
Haven’t people declared the “end of civilization” with previous advances? 14
The parents’ dilemma and role in setting limits 16
The problems of screen-time use are on a spectrum 16
Organization of this book 17
Chapter 1 - Problems with the Use of Digital Technology 19
Psychological/learning effects of digital technology 19
Does technology interfere with classroom work? 20
Does taking notes on a laptop (rather than with a pen and paper) interfere with learning? 22
Does reading on a screen interfere with in-depth learning? 23
How does our attention system work? 28
“But Mom, it’s so boring when I’m not playing video games”: The need for down-time 33
Screens interfere with developing voluntary attention 34
Areas where digital learning does excel 35
Summary of digital vs. print effects on learning 36
Other psychological effects of digital technology 37
Association with other psychological conditions 39
Neurological effects of digital technology abuse 40
Physical effects of digital media use 42
Chapter 2 - Problems with the Content of Digital Technology 45
Social media 46
The appeal of social media 47
Cyber-bullying 48
Sexting 49
Giving out too much information 50
Hiding too much information 51
The good part of social media 52
Does exposure to pornography and other media affect sexuality? 52
Teenage sexuality in the US 53
Teenage exposure to sexual content in US media 54
The relationship between media exposure and adolescent sexual behavior 54
Does media exposure increase the risk of violent behavior? 55
Do violent video games lead to violent behavior? 57
Does media affect substance use? 58
Resultant American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations regarding digital media 58
Chapter 3 - Problems Regarding Specific Populations 61
Very young children and screen time 62
Statistics on usage 62
Is there any benefit to screen time for children less than 2 years old? 63
What about 3–5-year-olds? 64
Does “background” or “second-hand” TV interfere with child development? 64
Am I really harming my infant if they have occasional screen time? 65
Children with ADHD and screen time 66
ADHD traits that make screen time so appealing 66
The risk of ADHD and excessive Internet/gaming use 67
Children with ASD and screen time 69
ASD traits that make screen time so appealing 69
Chapter 4 - The Parental Role 75
What kind of role model am I for my child? 75
How do I set limits for my child? 79
Use technology to help limit technology 79
Help the child develop voluntary attention control 80
Set explicit time rules in advance 82
All pigs are created equal, but some pigs are ready for more equality than others 85
Another adult responsibility: Teach how to evaluate information on the web 86
Chapter 5 - Setting Up the Rules: The Family Meeting and Agreement 89
The family meeting 89
Considerations before the family meeting 89
The agreement 91
Chapter 6 - Internet Addiction: The Far End of Internet Problems 95
Internet problems cover a whole range of severity 95
What is an addiction? 96
How does someone get addicted? 99
The psychological basis of addiction 99
The biological basis of addiction 99
How common is Internet addiction? 100
Why is digital media so addictive? 100
Ready access 101
Digital technology is fascinating 102
Digital technology meets psychological needs, especially those of teens 102
What are particularly addictive Internet activities? 103
What personal traits are associated with Internet addiction? 104
How do we treat Internet addiction? 105
The basics 105
Interventions with a therapist 106
Chapter 7 - Summary 109
The recent explosion of digital technology and services 109
The extent of screen-time usage 110
The parents’ dilemma and role in setting limits 111
Problems with the use of digital technology 111
Does technology interfere with classroom work? 111
Which is better? Taking notes with a pen and paper or with a laptop? 112
Does reading on a screen interfere with in-depth learning? 112
How does our attention system work? 113
Areas where digital learning does excel 116
Other psychological effects of the Internet 117
Association with other psychological conditions 117
Neurological effects of Internet abuse 117
Physical effects of digital media use 118
Problems with the content of digital technology 118
Social media issues 118
Does exposure to pornography and other media affect sexuality? 118
Does media exposure increase the risk of violent behavior? 119
Do violent video games lead to violent behavior? 119
Does media affect substance use? 120
Resultant American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations regarding digital media 120
Problems regarding specific populations 121
Very young children and screen time 121
Children with ADHD and screen time 122
Children with ASD and screen time 123
The parental role 124
What kind of role model am I for my child? 124
How do I set limits for my child (until they are mature enough to limit themselves)? 124
Setting up the rules: The family meeting and agreement 125
The family meeting 125
Internet addiction: The far end of Internet problems 125
What is an addiction? 125
The psychological basis of addiction 126
What are particularly addictive Internet activities? 126
How do we treat Internet addiction? 127
Interventions with a therapist 127
References 128
Resources 132
About the Authors 136
Index 137