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Feminist Futures

Feminist Futures

Kum-Kum Bhavnani | John Foran | Priya A. Kurian | Debashish Munshi | Amy Lind | Rachel Simon-Kumar | Professor Ifi Amadiume | Raka Ray | Jan Nederveen Pieterse | Dana Collins | Peter Chua | David McKie | Banu Subramaniam | Arturo Escobar | Wendy Harcourt | Ming-yan Lai | Minoo Moallem | Anjali Prabhu | Linda Klouzal | Julia D Shayne

(2016)

Abstract

Straddling disciplines and continents, Feminist Futures interweaves scholarship and social activism to explore the evolving position of women in the South.

Working at the intersection of cultural studies, critical development studies and feminist theory, the book's contributors articulate a radical and innovative framework for understanding the linkages between women, culture and development, applying it to issues ranging from sexuality and the gendered body to the environment, technology and the cultural politics of representation.

This revised and updated edition brings together leading academics, as well as a new generation of activists and scholars, to provide a fresh perspective on the ways in which women in the South are transforming our understanding of development.


Kum-Kum Bhavnani is professor of sociology, global studies and feminist studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

John Foran is professor of sociology and environmental studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

Priya A. Kurian is professor of political science and public policy at the University of Waikato.

Debashish Munshi is professor of management communication at the University of Waikato.


‘Provides a rich perspective on the lived experiences and agencies of women. A highly creative endeavour that will be valuable to activists and academics committed to both agendas of social justice and nuanced understandings of the effects of development.’
Leela Fernandes, author of Transnational Feminism in the United States

‘A diverse and exciting tapestry of themes and authors, drawn from different disciplines and countries, assessing the situation of women in the South and speaking to the multiple challenges for the future.’
Lourdes Beneria, Cornell University (Emerita)

‘A candid and hard-hitting agenda for feminist scholarship and activism in the South in the twenty-first century.’
Patricia Mohammed, University of the West Indies

‘While providing an unflinching account of the ravages of globalization, the authors uncover visions of radically transformative feminisms that are rooted in women’s daily struggles for survival. The women, culture and development approach that the authors embrace is more prescient and necessary than ever.’
Amrita Basu, Amherst College

'Readable and well written ... especially valuable in the classroom.'
Choice

'[A] valuable and often challenging volume, a winding river that yields nuggets of gold.'
Gender and Development


Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front cover Front cover
About the editors i
Title page iii
Copyright iv
Contents v
Acknowledgements and dedications viii
About the contributors ix
Abbreviations xviii
Preface to the second edition xx
1. An introduction to women, culture and development 1
WID, WAD, GAD … WCD 5
Women, culture, development: three visions 9
Notes 24
Visions One 27
Maria’s stories 29
Editor’s preface 29
Early years: ‘I was a peasant, born of a widow … ’ 30
The war years: ‘I fled from my house and I never returned …’ 32
The peace: ‘It’s been quite a job to readjust our way of thinking …’ 35
The future: ‘As long as the soul is free … one can be happy …’ 38
Note 39
The woof and the warp 40
Acknowledgements 44
Consider the problem of privatization 45
Development, and more development 45
The feminine, the private 47
Note 50
Part One. Sexuality and the gendered body 51
2. More ‘“Tragedies” in out-of-the-way places: oceanic interpretations of another scale’ 53
Two stories, two generations, multiple meanings 53
The tragedy of tragedies: where is culture? 54
Of site and situations 58
The everyday culture of resource politics in Wanigela 59
Accidents do happen 63
Tragedies in out-of-the-way places: matters of scale 65
A woman’s body scarred 66
3. ‘Revolution with a woman’s face’? Family norms, constitutional reform and the politics of redistribution in post/neoliberal Ecuador 68
Introduction 68
Heteronormativity, development and (post-)neoliberalism 71
‘The long neoliberal night’: family norms and neoliberal politics in the 1990s 76
The 2008 Constitution and Correa’s redistributive agenda 80
Querying ‘El buen vivir’: initial impacts, post-neoliberal futures 83
Notes 88
4. Claiming the state: revisiting women’s reproductive identity in India’s development policy 92
Introduction 92
The RCH: India’s paradigm shift 94
A programme evaluation 98
From programme evaluation to feminist WCD evaluation 103
Conclusion 107
Notes 108
5. Abortion and African culture: a case study of Kenya 109
Setting the scene 109
The legal context of abortion in Kenya 110
Anti-abortion actors in Kenya 112
Anti-abortion discourses in Kenya 113
Religious and foetal life anti-abortion discourses 114
Abortion and the corruption of Africa’s societal morals 116
Implications of anti-abortion religio-cultural discourses 123
Conclusion 129
Notes 129
6. Bodies and choices: African matriarchs and Mammy Water 132
Globalization and matriarchitarianism 132
Culturing girls: Zambia and Nigeria 136
Gender, sexuality and power ambiguity 140
Mammy Water, sex and capitalism 143
Imagining choice or isolation? 144
Fragments and the matriarchal umbrella 147
Conclusion 150
Notes 151
Visions Two 155
Empowerment: snakes and ladders 157
Power and empowerment 158
The rhizome of empowerment 160
Gendered sexualities and lived experience: revisiting the case of gay sexuality in women, culture and development 163
Notes 172
Revolutionary women’s struggle and leadership: building local political power in rural areas in the age of neoliberal globalization 173
The liberal push for women’s rights in an age of neoliberal globalization 173
Women’s struggles in rural areas 175
Women as revolutionary leaders forging new democracies in rural areas 178
What should I say about a dream?’: reflections on adolescent girls, agency and citizenship 182
Agency and citizenship in marginalized communities 183
Envisioning a way forward 186
Notes 188
Part Two. Environment, technology, science 191
7. New lenses with limited vision: Shell scenarios, science fiction, storytelling wars 193
Flashes from the 2003 chapter 194
Looking to the futures, arenas of struggle, and views from above 200
Breaking bad: the narrowing of future narrative pathways 201
Navigation points: oceans, think tanks and public space 203
Beyond scenarios: science fiction and story wars 205
Hunger Games and feminist futures 206
Other lands and other oceans: the work of Paolo Bacigalupi 211
Conclusion: The Matrix, The Meatrix and social media possibilities 214
Note 216
8. Development nationalism: science, religion and the quest for a modern India 217
The archaic and the modern 220
Women, culture, nation 222
Science, masculinism and the bomb 225
‘Development nationalism’ 227
Science, technology and development 229
Vaastushastra: a case study 230
Constructing the home and the world 234
Imagining India 238
Notes 240
9. What would Rachel say? 241
Introduction 241
Raging against the machine 242
Little tranquilizing pills of half-truth from the gods of profit 244
The habit of killing 247
Domesticating the poisons 251
Precaution and humility: science reframed 254
Lessons for climate change 258
Notes 260
10. Negotiating human–nature boundaries, cultural hierarchies and masculinist paradigms of development studies 261
Anthropocentric development: defining the term 262
Ecological rationality and the development project 266
Technoscience and its challenges 268
Transforming deep-rooted values 273
Conclusion 276
Notes 277
11. The intersection of women, culture and development: conversations about visions for the future – take two 278
Take two 280
Take two 286
Take two 290
Take two 292
Notes 293
Visions Three 295
Alternatives to development: of love, dreams and revolution 297
Of love and dreams 299
Of Visions 301
Of hows and mights: the power and magic of love 303
Dreams and process in development theory and practice 306
Case study: La Ciénaga de Manabao 307
Note 313
The subjective side of development: sources of well-being, resources for struggle 314
Notes 320
Part Three. The cultural politics of representation 323
12. Of rural mothers, urban whores and working daughters: women and the critique of neocolonial development in Taiwan’s nativist literature 325
Capitalist development and the rise of nationalist discourse 326
Urban whores, rural mothers and the moral order of nationalist discourse 329
Women and the ideological representation of neocolonial development 334
Working daughters and the critique of sexual commodification 337
Conclusion 341
Notes 342
13. Revisiting the mostaz’af and the mostakbar 344
From taghuti and yaghuti to aghazadeha 347
The crisis of care and the bending of the mostaz’af 350
Recasting the dispossessed: From Karkheh to Rhein 352
A Separation and the crisis of care 355
Conclusion 360
Notes 362
14. Mariama Bâ’s So Long a Letter: ‘women, culture and development’ from a Francophone or postcolonial perspective 366
Introduction: women, culture and development from here 366
Literature and WCD 371
Mariama Bâ’s Une si longue lettre and WCD 372
Conclusions: literature and ‘languaging’ 380
Notes 383
15. The precarious middle class: gender, risk and mobility in the new Indian economy 385
Introduction 385
The Shakti Mill rape 386
Bombay’s mill economy 387
Bombay’s film industry 389
The aspirants 390
Inhabiting a precarious life 399
Conclusion 400
Notes 402
Visions Four 405
An Antipodean take on gender, culture and development co-operation 407
Introduction 407
From donor–recipient relationships to partnerships 408
Gender and development policy post-2000 409
Gender relations and culture 411
Australia’s own backyard 412
Bridging the gap 413
Note 414
On activist scholarship and women, culture and development 415
Notes 420
Women, traditional ecological knowledge and sustainable development 421
Nengo’s story 422
Visions of development 424
Reimagining climate justice: what the world needs now is love, hope ... and you 426
The start of it all 426
A new start 428
Ground zero for climate justice 429
What’s hope got to do with it? 431
Don’t lose love 431
The most important thing 431
Notes 432
Postscript. A conversation about the future of women, culture and development 433
Kum-Kum Bhavnani 433
John Foran 434
Debashish Munshi 436
Priya A. Kurian 437
Bibliography 439
Index 479
Back cover Back cover