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Water and Development

Water and Development

Ronaldo Munck | Narathius Asingwire | Honor Fagan | Consolata Kabonesa

(2015)

Additional Information

Abstract

Water has always been a crucial catalyst for human development. In Africa, competition among different sectors for this scarce resource remains a critical challenge to water managers and decision-makers.

Water and Development examines a range of issues, from governance to solar distillation, from gender to water pumps, using a range of research methods, from participant observation to GIS and SPSS data analysis. Throughout, however, there is the unifying thread of developing a participatory and sustainable approach to water which recognises it as an essential public necessity.

The result is essential reading both for students of development and the environment and for NGOs and policy-makers seeking a robust and transformational approach to water and development.


'This volume is a well-structured introduction to the topic of water and development that shows the necessity of harnessing global initiatives through deep understanding of local contexts.'
Africa at LSE
'This highly readable book raises important issues in the management of freshwater in the interests of the poor and the marginalised, issues that are becoming more pressing in the face of population growth, economic development and climate change.'
Barbara Schreiner, executive director, Pegasys Institute

'This is a very significant book, and an important grounding for future thinking and policy around "water for all". It draws attention to the complex dynamics of water-related challenges in an accessible format [and] will be an invaluable resource for policy-makers, professionals, and students alike.'
Robert Chambers, author of Rural Development and Provocations for Development

'An illustrative, inspiring and innovative text that raises fundamental issues on the pertinent subject of water in a developing context. The book is comprehensive in tackling both hardware and software issues in relation to sustainable water development and access. Scholars, researchers, policy-makers and planners in the water sector will undoubtedly find this book a vital reference.'
John Ddumba-Ssentamu, professor and vice chancellor, Makerere University

'An insightful and important analysis of the promises and pitfalls inherent in hybrid development models guiding global water resource governance. The empirical case studies are highly instructive for students of gender and resource management, as well as development planners.'
Nalini Visvanathan, co-editor of The Women, Gender and Development Reader


Ronaldo Munck is head of civic engagement at Dublin City University and visiting professor in Development Studies at St Mary’s University, Canada. He is the founding chair of the Development Studies Association of Ireland and has written widely on development issues from a Southern and social movement perspective with an output of more than twenty books and over one hundred academic journal articles. Recent work includes Rethinking Latin America: Development, Hegemony and Social Transformation. He was a PI for the Water Is Life research project funded by Irish Aid. Narathius Asingwire is a senior lecturer and former chair, Department of Social Work and Social Administration, Makerere University, Uganda. His key areas of research include safe rural water, hygiene and sanitation. Alongside research, he has worked in a consultancy capacity in the areas of rural water and sanitation. His most recent publication is Interrogating the Role of Social Work in Policy Reforms in Uganda: A Case of Demand-driven Approach for Rural Safe Water. G. Honor Fagan is a professor of sociology at the National University of Ireland, Maynooth. She has previously lectured in sociology departments in Northern Ireland, South Africa and the UK, and currently has research capacity-building relationships with universities in Uganda, Mozambique, Tanzania, Malawi and South Africa. Her research interests focus on human security, gender and development, and governance. She has published over twenty-six journal articles and book chapters and three books, including the prize-winning Globalisation and Security: An Encyclopaedia. Consolata Kabonesa is senior lecturer and dean at the School of Women and Gender Studies, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda. Her research focuses on gender and human development, and her major research interests include water, agriculture, health (especially HIV/AIDS), technology (including ICT), and gender budgeting. Her recent publications have focused on gender in relation to e-learning, access and utilization of information communication technology, water, climate change, land rights, and conflict transformation. She has a PhD from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Front cover
About CROP i
Title Page iii
Copyright iv
Contents v
Figures and Tables vii
Acknowledgements ix
Abbreviations and Acronyms x
Part One: Context 1
Introduction 3
Reference 10
1: Water, Development and Good Governance 11
Introduction 12
Developmentalism 13
Market Miracles 17
Soft Solutions 21
Ways Forward 25
References 28
2: Liquid Dynamics: Challenges for Sustainability in the Water Domain 30
Introduction 30
Current Debates: Examining the Fault-Lines and Beyond 32
Addressing Sustainability in Dynamic Water Systems 40
Meeting Governance Challenges in Water 48
Designing Appraisal of Water Systems and Services 51
Conclusions: Ways Forward for Research and Practice 53
Note 55
References 55
3: Can IWRM Float on a Sea of Underdevelopment? Reflections on Twenty-Plus Years of ‘Reform’ in Sub-Saharan Africa 60
Introduction 60
Somewhere Between the ‘Is’ and the ‘Ought’ 62
The African State Form 66
Signs of ‘The Ought’ 69
(i) States as Beneficiaries 70
(ii) Pressure from Below 75
(iii) ‘Peer Pressure’ 76
(iv) The Irresistible Setting 78
(v) Out of Sight, Out of Mind 78
Conclusion 80
Notes 80
References 80
4: Water Politics in Eastern and Southern Africa 84
Introduction 84
Different Meanings of the IWRM-Based Water Sector Reform 92
Institutional Change 94
Overlaying Decentralized Institutions of Water Management 94
Parallel Processes of Decentralization 98
Multiple Decentralizations 99
Mismatch Between Rain-Fed and Wetland Agriculture and Participation 100
Lack of Knowledge Among Representatives of New Water Users 100
References 102
Part Two: Case Study 105
5: Integrated Water Management and Social Development in Uganda 107
Introduction 107
Uganda’s Rural Water Supply Sector in a Historical Perspective 108
Access to Safe Water in Sub-Saharan Africa and the National Picture in Uganda 110
Social-Spatial Disparities in a Rural Parish of Lwengo District 112
Socio-Demographic Profile of Households 113
Household Composition and Leadership 114
Household Poverty 115
Household Access to Water 117
Health 127
Water Usage in the Home 128
Knowledge and Perceptions About Safe Water Service Delivery 130
Conclusion 132
Notes 133
References 133
6: Governance and Safe Water Provisioning in Uganda: Theory and Practice 135
Introduction 135
Access to Safe Water and the Governance Challenge 136
Defining Water Governance 137
Actors, Roles and Responsibilities in Uganda’s Institutional Framework for Rural Water Supply 139
Conclusion 149
Notes 150
References 150
7: Woman Water Keeper? Women’s Troubled Participation in Water Resource Management 152
Introduction 152
Women as Community Water Keepers 152
Gender and Construction of Water Technologies 155
Representation in Water User Committees 157
Conducting Meetings 161
Setting the Agenda 163
Conclusion 168
Notes 169
References 169
8: Women and Water Politics: An Ethnographic Gender Perspective 172
Introduction 172
Women, Water and Health 173
Gender Perspectives 174
Gender and Water – Evidence from Uganda 174
Water and Health – A Sociocultural Perspective 177
Conclusion 178
Note 179
References 179
9: Understanding Adaptive Capacity on the Ground: A Case of Agro-Pastoralists in a Rural Parish, Uganda 181
Introduction 181
The Research Approach 182
Agro-Pastoralists’ Adaptive Capacities and their Importance in the Wider Community 185
Interaction Between Adaptive Capacity and the Process of Land Enclosure 191
Conflicts with Other Resource Users 193
Conclusion 195
Note 196
References 196
10: Functional Sustainability of Hand Pumps for Rural Water Supply 198
Introduction 198
Methodology 201
Results and Discussion 203
Conclusion 208
References 208
Part Three: Balance Sheet 211
11: Beyond the MDGS: Can the Water Crisis for the Poor Finally Be Resolved? 213
Introduction 213
The Main Issues 214
Strategy in Water and Sanitation Delivery 215
Trends in Deprivation: Africa vs Southern Asia 220
Trends in Access in Africa 222
Relative and Absolute Deprivation 226
Six Findings 227
The Politics of Delivery 228
Bottom-Up Perspectives 230
Sustainability: Climate Change and Responses 236
Post-2015 Options 237
Conclusion 241
Notes 243
References 244
Notes on Contributors 246
Index 251
Back Cover Back cover