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Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale

Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale

Maria Mies | Silvia Federici

(2014)

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Abstract

'It is my thesis that this general production of life, or subsistence production - mainly performed through the non-wage labour of women and other non-wage labourers as slaves, contract workers and peasants in the colonies - constitutes the perennial basis upon which "capitalist productive labour" can be built up and exploited.' First published in 1986, Maria Mies’s progressive book was hailed as a major paradigm shift for feminist theory, and it remains a major contribution to development theory and practice today. Tracing the social origins of the sexual division of labour, it offers a history of the related processes of colonization and 'housewifization' and extends this analysis to the contemporary new international division of labour. Mies's theory of capitalist patriarchy has become even more relevant today. This new edition includes a substantial new introduction in which she both applies her theory to the new globalized world and answers her critics.
'In Patriarchy and Accumulation on a World Scale, Maria Mies drew connections between two structures of domination that had previously been viewed separately. In showing the convergence between patriarchy and capitalism, she has pushed intellectual boundaries, and has enriched feminism, women's struggles, and movements for social and economic justice. If you want to understand the roots of the economic crisis, and of violence against women, read this book. If you want to create alternatives and participate in shaping living economies, read this book. Patriarchy and Accumulation is essential reading for all, more so today than when it was first written.' - Dr. Vandana Shiva, founder of the Research Foundation for Science, Technology and Ecology and director at the International Forum on Globalization 'Feminist theory at its very best.' - Off Our Backs 'Compelling. One of the most ambitious projects undertaken by a feminist scholar in recent years.' - Deniz Kandiyoti, SOAS, University of London 'Maria Mies' vision is huge, the scale of her project breathtakingly bold.' - New Internationalist 'A major contribution to authentic development theory and practice. Women cannot hope for justice from a mode of production built on subordination either as housewife in the West or cheap labour in the third world. Mies produces an alternative feminist concept of labour and some strategic elements of its implementation. The critique is compelling.' - World Development
Maria Mies is a Marxist feminist scholar who is renowned for her theory of capitalist patriarchy, which recognizes third world women and difference. She is a professor of sociology at Cologne University of Applied Sciences, but retired from teaching in 1993. Since the late 1960s she has been involved with feminist activism. In 1979, at the Institute of Social Studies in The Hague, she founded the Women and Development programme. Her other titles published by Zed include The Lace Makers of Narsapur (1982), Women: The Last Colony (1988), The Subsistence Perspective (1999) and Ecofeminism (2014).

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front cover Front cover
critique influence change i
About the author iv
Title v
Copyright vi
Contents vii
Foreword ix
Preface to the critique influence change edition xiii
Violence, the secret of capitalist patriarchy xx
What is different today? xxi
References xxiv
Introduction 1
1 What is Feminism? 6
Where are we today? 6
Fair-weather Feminism? 14
What is New About Feminism? Continuities and Discontinuities 18
Continuities: Women's Liberation - A Cultural Affair? 18
Discontinuities: Body Politics 24
Discontinuities: A New Concept of Politics 28
Discontinuities: Women's Work 31
Concepts 35
Exploitation or Oppression/Subordination? 36
Capitalist-Patriarchy 37
Overdeveloped-Underdeveloped Societies 39
Autonomy 40
Notes 41
2 Social Origins of the Sexual Division of Labour 44
The Search for Origins Within a Feminist Perspective 44
Biased Concepts 44
Suggested Approach 47
Appropriation of Nature by Women and Men 49
Women's/Men's Appropriation of Their Own Bodies 52
Women's and Men's Object-Relation to Nature 53
Men's Object-Relation to Nature 56
Female Productivity as the Precondition of Male Productivity 58
The Myth of Man-the-Hunter 58
Women's Tools, Men's Tools 61
'Man-the-Hunter' under Feudalism and Capitalism 66
Notes 72
3 Colonization and Housewifization 74
The Dialectics of 'Progress and Retrogression' 74
Subordination of Women, Nature and Colonies: The underground of capitalist patriarchy or civilized society 77
The Persecution of the Witches and the Rise of Modern Society: Women's productive record at the end of the Middle Ages 78
The Subordination and Breaking of the Female Body: Torture 82
Burning of Witches, Primitive Accumulation of Capital, and the Rise of Modern Science 83
Colonization and Primitive Accumulation of Capital 88
Women under Colonialism 90
Women under German Colonialism 97
White Women in Africa 100
Housewifization 100
Notes 110
4 Housewifization International: Women and the New International Division of Labour 112
International Capital Rediscovers Third World Women 112
Why Women? 116
Women as 'Breeders' and Consumers 120
Linkages: Some Examples 127
Conclusion 142
Notes 143
5 Violence Against Women and the Ongoing Primitive Accumulation of Capital 145
Dowry-Murders 146
Amniocentesis and 'Femicide' 151
Rape 153
Analysis 157
Are men rapists by nature? 162
Conclusion 168
Notes 171
6 National Liberation and Women’s Liberation 175
Women in the 'Dual Economy' 180
The Soviet Union 180
China 181
Vietnam 188
Why are women mobilized for the national liberation struggle? 194
Why are women 'pushed back' again after the liberation struggle? 196
Theoretical blind-alleys 199
Notes 202
7 Towards a Feminist Perspective of a New Society 205
The case for a middle-class feminist movement 205
Basic Principles and Concepts 209
Towards a feminist concept of labour 216
An alternative economy 219
Intermediate steps 224
Autonomy over consumption 225
Autonomy over production 228
Struggles for human dignity 229
Notes 233
Bibliography 236
Index 247
Back cover Back cover