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South Africa, Settler Colonialism and the Failures of Liberal Democracy

South Africa, Settler Colonialism and the Failures of Liberal Democracy

Doctor Thiven Reddy

(2015)

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Abstract

In South Africa, two unmistakable features describe post-Apartheid politics. The first is the formal framework of liberal democracy, including regular elections, multiple political parties and a range of progressive social rights. The second is the politics of the ‘extraordinary’, which includes a political discourse that relies on threats and the use of violence, the crude re-racialization of numerous conflicts, and protests over various popular grievances.

In this highly original work, Thiven Reddy shows how conventional approaches to understanding democratization have failed to capture the complexities of South Africa’s post-Apartheid transition. Rather, as a product of imperial expansion, the South African state, capitalism and citizen identities have been uniquely shaped by a particular mode of domination, namely settler colonialism.

South Africa, Settler Colonialism and the Failures of Liberal Democracy is an important work that sheds light on the nature of modernity, democracy and the complex politics of contemporary South Africa.


‘Offers a radical, dissenting and original analysis of contemporary South Africa’
Colin Bundy, Oxford University (Emeritus)

‘This is a book that South African political studies has been waiting for.’
Harry Garuba, University of Cape Town

‘An important attempt to provide us with a framework for understanding present-day South African politics.’
Anthony Bogues, Brown University

'Harnessing sophisticated scholarly literature on the subject, [Reddy] argues that South Africa’s past as a settler colony ruled for decades by authoritarian white supremacists has made its transition to liberal democracy particularly difficult.'
Foreign Affairs


Thiven Reddy is a senior lecturer in the Department of Political Studies, University of Cape Town. His previous publications include Hegemony and Resistance: Contesting Identities in South Africa.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Front Cover Front cover
Africa Now i
About the Author ii
Title iii
Copyright iv
Contents v
Acknowledgements vi
Introduction\r 1
1: Modernity: Civil Society, Political Society and the Vulnerable\r 11
Elite vs Mass Politics 12
National-Modern Crisis: The ‘Intermediary Class’, National Liberation and Compromise\r 21
The Crisis of the National-Modern and Civil and Political Society 26
Theoretical Apparatus 35
Conclusion 39
2: The Limits of the Conventional Paradigm, Modernity and South African Democracy 41
South African Democratic Studies and the Influence of Modernisation Theory 41
Disciplinary Knowledge, the Post-world War II Context and Imperial Power\r 43
The Idea of Political Development? 46
The Specificity of Settler-Colonial Relations as a Path towards Modernity 52
Some Elements of Radical Critique 56
Conclusion 61
3: The Fanonian Paradigm, Settler Colonialism and South African Democracy 63
Biko and the Limits of Non-Racialism as Antidote to the White Power Structure\r 63
Fanon’s Colonial Situation as Domination without Hegemony 68
Postcolonial Aporias 79
Conclusion 82
4: The Colonial State and Settler-Colonial modernism\r 83
Understanding Modernity and Its Questions in South Africa 83
The Colonial Situation as Violent Rupture 88
The Colonial State and War-Making 90
Foucault and the Production of Docile Subjects 95
The Colonial Situation and the Constitution of Class 98
Apartheid Takes Manichaeism to Its Logical Extreme 102
Conclusion 106
5: Nationalism, ANC and Domination without Hegemony 107
Dilemmas of Anti-Colonial Nationalism\r 109
The National Elite and Going It Alone 112
The Struggle and Its Subjects: The Elite Embrace Mass Politics \r 117
The Politics of Mobilisation: The 1950s Failure \r 121
The Second Mobilisation: 1970s and 1980s 128
Conclusion 131
6: Elites, Masses and Democratic Change 133
Drawing New Boundaries between the Political and the Criminal 134
A ‘Peace Settlement’ as Opposed to Violence 137
Elite Politics as Rational and ‘Black-on-Black’ Violence as Irrational\r 139
Agenda-Setting: The Disputes were Not About the End, But Strategy 143
Negotiations and the Problem of the Popular: The Emergence of Legal Discourse, the Political and Outsiders\r 146
Concluding Remarks 149
7: Crisis of the National Modern: Democracy, the State and ANC Dominance\r 151
The Tutu-Mbeki Debate 153
The ANC and the Idea of ‘The State’ 158
Mandela, The Figure of Modern Charisma: A ‘Smooth’ Transition? 162
The Figure of Rational-Legalism: From Exile to the Bureaucratic Approach to Politics\r 167
Conclusion 185
Conclusion 187
References 193
Index 207
Back Cover Back cover