BOOK
Europe on the Brink
Tony Phillips | Roberto Lavagna | Christina Laskaridis | Diana Knyazeva | Mariana Montagua | Anzhela Knyazeva | Joseph E. Stiglitz
(2014)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
Europe is suffering from a bipolar economic disorder. Financial journalists divide the continent into two groups of nations - centre and periphery - not by geography but by credit rating. Europe on the Brink is a critical investigation of the root causes of this sovereign debt crisis, and the often misguided policy choices made to resolve it.
Nobel Laureate Joseph Stiglitz, together with two other finance experts, compares debt contagion in Europe with regional financial crises elsewhere, while Roberto Lavagna, former economics minister in Argentina, provides a poignant comparative analysis with his own country’s experience. Crucially and uniquely, Portuguese, Greek and Irish economists provide hard-hitting case studies from the perspective of the periphery.
This much-needed book offers a heterodox economic perspective on the causes, symptoms and solutions of the biggest economic issue currently facing Europe.
Tony Phillips works on sovereignty issues in debt, development, energy and ecology. He was born in Dublin, Ireland.
'This book thoroughly exposes the economic, financial and democratic flaws of the EU institutions rooted in neoliberal thinking, and the "blame the victim" approaches to bolstering the economic system without addressing the causes of the financial and sovereign debt crises.'
Malcolm Sawyer, Emeritus Professor of Economics, Leeds University Business School
'This book is a thoughtful reflection on the way in which policies of monetary constipation have created the worst crisis in Europe since the 1930s, and the way in which that crisis has created crises of democracy and political economy in Europe. The agenda for the renewal of that democracy and political economy starts with this book and its young authors.'
Professor Jan Toporowski, SOAS, University of London
'This timely volume provides an indispensable guide for anyone who has had second thoughts about whether irresponsible governments in the Eurozone's peripheral regions could be the root cause of Europe-wide stagnation and joblessness. Europe on the Brink shows how European crisis can be traced instead to the Eurozone's unworkable design, which first permitted its unregulated banks' speculative excess and now insists that its residents pay the bill. The root causes of this misbegotten design - the dominance of neoclassical economics in policy discourse and of unchained finance in the global economy - have not been addressed; so Europe remains "on the brink". Find out why in these pages.'
Gary Dymski, Professor of Applied Economics, Leeds University Business School
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front cover | Front cover | ||
About the editor | i | ||
Title | iii | ||
Copyright\r | iv | ||
Contents\r | v | ||
Figures\r | vi | ||
Acknowledgements\r | vii | ||
Introduction: sovereign bonds, burden sharing and the Troika’s rescues\r | 1 | ||
Bubbles and financial lobbies | 2 | ||
Contagious deregulation from the United States | 3 | ||
Europe’s toxic loans | 6 | ||
The EU in crisis | 7 | ||
Rescue funds: multilateralism euro-style | 9 | ||
Terms of the rescue | 10 | ||
This book | 13 | ||
Notes | 14 | ||
References | 16 | ||
1 The Great Recession, spillover in Europe, banking collapse in Ireland\r | 17 | ||
Introduction | 17 | ||
Spillover | 18 | ||
SBC debates | 19 | ||
Who regulates global finance? | 22 | ||
US exposure to the European ‘core’ | 25 | ||
Austerity and privatisation | 27 | ||
Escalation, contagion and burden sharing | 28 | ||
Cracks appear in the design of Eurozone institutions | 32 | ||
Structural imbalances in imports and exports | 37 | ||
Gross domestic product | 38 | ||
Structural imbalances and their alternatives | 42 | ||
Contagion via bond speculation | 44 | ||
European Union finance steps in | 46 | ||
Contagion: the role of derivatives | 46 | ||
Private investment between Europe and the US | 49 | ||
The US dollar carry trade | 50 | ||
The role of unregulated derivatives | 52 | ||
The €2 billion bank bond default in Ireland in 2011 | 60 | ||
Geithner too pleads for derivatives regulation | 65 | ||
The moral of the story | 66 | ||
Conclusion | 68 | ||
Notes | 70 | ||
References | 72 | ||
2 Crises and contagion: a survey\r | 74 | ||
Introduction | 74 | ||
What causes financial crises? | 82 | ||
How crises spread | 91 | ||
Contagion and financial and capital market liberalisation | 98 | ||
Financial market integration | 99 | ||
Notes | 103 | ||
References | 107 | ||
3 Countering the myths of the Portuguese debt\r | 111 | ||
Introduction | 111 | ||
Delicate finances and speculative attacks | 113 | ||
Portugal: could things have been different? | 116 | ||
Asymmetric integration and external imbalances | 119 | ||
3.1 Current account balances as a percentage of GDP in Germany and Portugal, 1994–2010 | 120 | ||
3.2 Financial accounts as a percentage of GDP in Germany and Portugal, 1995–2011 | 121 | ||
Asymmetric integration and public accounts | 122 | ||
3.3 Interest rates versus GDP growth during the process of nominal convergence, 1992–99 | 123 | ||
Dangerous myths | 124 | ||
3.4 Average gross annual earnings, 1996–2008 | 126 | ||
3.5 Official unemployment rate in Portugal, 1998–2013 | 126 | ||
3.6 Evolution of real unit labour costs, 1995–2008 | 127 | ||
3.7 Inflation rate, 1997–2008 | 128 | ||
3.8 Evolution of the growth in productivity, 1995–2008 | 129 | ||
3.9 Gross public debt in the euro area as a whole and in Germany and Portugal, 2000–13 | 131 | ||
3.10 Expenditure on social protection in the euro area as a whole and in Germanyand Portugal, 2000–11 | 132 | ||
3.11 Total Portuguese individual debt as a percentage of disposable income and as a percentage of GDP, 1997–2010 | 133 | ||
3.12 Real estate loans and total loans to individuals, 1997–2011 | 134 | ||
The adjustment programme: a fatal cure | 134 | ||
3.13 Unit labour costs in the euro area and in Portugal, 1995–2013 | 138 | ||
3.14 Portugal’s exports versus imports and GDP, 2008–13 | 138 | ||
Reducing public deficit in times of recession: why it cannot be done | 139 | ||
3.15 Percentage yields on Portuguese ten-year bonds, 2010–12 | 140 | ||
3.16 Government bond yields plotted against ECB bond purchases | 141 | ||
Notes | 147 | ||
References | 148 | ||
4 Greece: Europe’s worst success story\r | 150 | ||
Introduction | 150 | ||
The Greek debt fiasco | 154 | ||
4.1 Changes in forecasts for GDP and employment outlooks for Greece | 167 | ||
The social and political impact of the crisis | 169 | ||
Are there lessons to be learned from the past? | 178 | ||
Final conclusions | 184 | ||
Notes | 186 | ||
References | 187 | ||
5 Argentina 2001: a heterodox exit from the crisis\r | 190 | ||
The Argentine crisis of 2001 and recovery between 2002 and 2006 | 190 | ||
The normalisation, recovery and growth plan | 192 | ||
Before the crisis | 194 | ||
Once the crisis occurs | 198 | ||
Simple macroeconomics versus structural adjustment programmes | 200 | ||
Social participation | 203 | ||
Restructuring sovereign debt | 204 | ||
Principal creditors and active entities in the restructuring procedure | 207 | ||
Conclusion | 210 | ||
Notes | 211 | ||
Epilogue\r | 214 | ||
Problems seeking solutions | 214 | ||
Human error: a primer on the neoclassical mindset | 215 | ||
Scrutiny and transparency | 222 | ||
Scapegoating | 226 | ||
Democracy in crisis | 227 | ||
What form of European Union might evolve from the crisis? | 229 | ||
Rebuilding confidence | 231 | ||
Notes | 233 | ||
References | 234 | ||
About the Contributors\r | 235 | ||
Glossary\r | 237 | ||
Index\r | 256 | ||
Back cover | Back cover |