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Book Details
Abstract
In this classic text, now in its fourth edition, Gilbert Rist provides a complete and powerful overview of what the idea of development has meant throughout history. He traces it from its origins in the Western view of history, through the early stages of the world system, the rise of US hegemony, and the supposed triumph of third-worldism, through to new concerns about the environment and globalization.
In a new chapter on post-development models and ecological dimensions, written against a background of world crisis and ideological disarray, Rist considers possible ways forward and brings the book completely up to date. Throughout, he argues persuasively that development has been no more than a collective delusion, which in reality has resulted only in widening market relations, whatever the intentions of its advocates.
Gilbert Rist is professor emeritus at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. He previously taught in Tunisia, and spent several years as director of the Centre Europe-Tiers Monde. His other publications include The Delusions of Economics (Zed 2011). The History of Development was his first book to be translated into English, and has also been published in Spanish and Italian.
'If you want to understand the ideological forces that have shaped North-South relations for half a century, you need this remarkable book.'
Susan George
'This is an impressive account of the rise and demise of the belief system that has pushed mankind to the brink of disaster.'
Wolfgang Sachs, authorof The Development Dictionary and Fair Future
‘Richly fascinating ... Rist strips away the layers of illusion and rhetoric with surgical precision to expose the conceptual fallacies and flaws on which development is founded.’
The Tribune
Praise for previous editions:
'Compelling and exciting reading ... Rist's book, written with deliciously mild irony, is an account of the most crucial moments in which the rites of a belief embraced by millions were elaborated and canonized.'
European Journal of Development Research
'This book does an outstanding job.'
Journal of Developing Areas
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front cover | Front cover | ||
About the Author | ii | ||
Title | iii | ||
Copyright | iv | ||
Contents | v | ||
Preface to the Fourth Edition | viii | ||
Preface to the Third Edition | xi | ||
Preface to the Second Edition | xiii | ||
Introduction | 1 | ||
1 Definitions of Development | 8 | ||
Conventional Thinking | 8 | ||
A Methodological Word of Caution | 9 | ||
Elements of a Definition | 12 | ||
A Scandalous Definition? | 19 | ||
‘Development’ as an Element in the Religion of Modernity | 21 | ||
2 Metamorphoses of a Western Myth | 25 | ||
What The Metaphor Implies | 25 | ||
Landmarks in the Western View of History | 28 | ||
Conclusion | 43 | ||
3 The Making of a World System | 47 | ||
Colonization | 48 | ||
The League of Nations and the Mandate System | 58 | ||
Conclusion | 66 | ||
4 The Invention of Development | 69 | ||
President Truman’s Point Four | 70 | ||
A New World-view: ‘Underdevelopment’ | 72 | ||
US Hegemony | 75 | ||
A New Paradigm | 77 | ||
The ‘Development’ Age | 78 | ||
5 The International Doctrine and Institutions Take Root | 80 | ||
The Bandung Conference | 81 | ||
The New International ‘Development’ Agencies | 88 | ||
6 Modernization Poised between History and Prophecy | 93 | ||
A Philosophy of History: Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth | 94 | ||
Anti-communism or Marxism without Marx? | 99 | ||
Dissident Voices | 104 | ||
7\tThe Periphery and the Understanding of History | 109 | ||
Neo-Marxism in the United States | 111 | ||
The Latin American Dependentistas | 113 | ||
A New Paradigm, but Age-old Presuppositions | 118 | ||
8 Self-reliance: The Communal Past as a Model for the Future | 123 | ||
Ujamaa and the Tanzanian Experience | 125 | ||
The Principles of Self‑reliance | 134 | ||
Possible Futures for Self-reliance | 136 | ||
9\tThe Triumph of Third‑Worldism | 140 | ||
The New International Economic Order | 143 | ||
An Original Voice: The 1975 Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation Report on Another Development | 154 | ||
In The Wake of the NIEO : Further Proposals | 157 | ||
The ‘Basic Needs’ Approach | 162 | ||
Conclusion | 169 | ||
10 The Environment, or the New Nature of ‘Development’ | 171 | ||
The Return to Classical Economics Plus a Few Humanitarian Extras | 171 | ||
‘Sustainable Development’ or Growth Everlasting? | 178 | ||
The Earth Summit | 188 | ||
Reflections on Deliberate Ambiguity | 192 | ||
11 A Mixture of Realism and Fine Sentiments | 197 | ||
The South Commission | 198 | ||
The UNDP and ‘Human Development’ | 205 | ||
12 Globalization as Simulacrum of ‘Development’ | 211 | ||
On the Usefulness of Talking at Cross-purposes | 213 | ||
Globalization, the Last Hope of Achieving ‘Development’? | 222 | ||
Virtual Reality as a Refuge for Continuing Belief | 224 | ||
13 From the Struggle against Poverty to the Millennium Development Goals | 226 | ||
Just What Is the Problem? | 229 | ||
Who Are the Poor? | 230 | ||
Intervention on All Fronts | 232 | ||
The Millennium Goals: ‘Development’ in Shreds | 233 | ||
‘Development Aid’: Massaging the Figures | 236 | ||
Conclusion | 239 | ||
14 The Great Turnaround? | 240 | ||
‘Development’ Nowhere To Be Found | 243 | ||
Towards Other Models? | 246 | ||
Success in Reducing Poverty? | 248 | ||
Ecology as Victim of the Crisis | 250 | ||
Conclusion | 253 | ||
15 Beyond ‘Development’: From Downscaling to a Change in the Economic Paradigm | 256 | ||
Objectors to Growth and ‘Development Loyalists’ | 257 | ||
Economic ‘Science’: An Obsolete Paradigm | 262 | ||
Conclusion | 269 | ||
Conclusion | 270 | ||
The Facts | 271 | ||
‘Post-development’ | 272 | ||
Exhaustion of the Economic Paradigm: Believing or Knowing? | 277 | ||
Bibliography | 281 | ||
Index | 293 | ||
Back cover | Back cover |