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Abstract
As Africa and its diaspora commemorate fifty years of post-independence Pan-Africanism, this unique volume provides profound insight into the thirteen prominent individuals of African descent who have won the Nobel Peace Prize since 1950.
From the first American president of African descent, Barack Obama, whose career was inspired by the civil rights and anti-apartheid struggles promoted by fellow Nobel Peace laureates Martin Luther King, Jr., Nelson Mandela, Desmond Tutu, and Albert Luthuli; to influential figures in peacemaking such as Ralph Bunche, Anwar Sadat, Kofi Annan, and F.W. De Klerk; as well as Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowee, Wangari Maathai, and Mohamed El-Baradei, who have been variously involved in women's rights, environmental protection, and nuclear disarmament, Africa's Peacemakers reveals how this remarkable collection of individuals have changed the world - for better or worse.
'This clear, concise and useful bibliographical work will be of special interest to those engaged within international affairs, history or peace studies, although its accessible style also makes it a worthwhile read for the general reader.'
Africa At LSE
'The lively and engaging essays present a variety of perspectives and a plurality of different lenses for examining their subjects. This makes each chapter very unique in both its scope, tone, and contribution. Africa’s Peacemakers could likely be read as a whole or as a contribution to work on any of the individuals discussed within.'
Journal of Retracing Africa
'An interdisciplinary work that is appropriate for use in undergraduate seminars on Africa. The writing style also makes it appropriate for general audiences. The book is a welcome contribution to the still rather limited literature on African successes.'
African Studies Quarterly
'This is a superbly documented and elegantly written book full of rich nuggets as well as profound insights into the lives, motivations, accomplishments, and disappointments of African Nobel Peace Laureats and those of African descent. The book demonstrates - through the work of the 13 laureates - that Africa was not just a passive beneficiary of, but active contributor to, global peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding.'Ambassador (Professor) Ibrahim Gambari, Former UN Special Representative to Angola and Darfur, and former UN Special Envoy to Myanmar
'Dr. Adekeye Adebajo has produced yet another creative book on yet another important aspect of Africa, the stories of Nobel laureates of African descent, from both the continent and the diaspora. The book is deeply insightful and remarkably candid, as human as it is humane, delicately linking ideals with pragmatism, successes with failures, and enduring challenges. It is a book to enjoy and from which to learn.'
Ambassador (Dr.) Francis Mading Deng, Permanent Representative of South Sudan to the UN
'This volume is an innovative review of the contributions of Africans and the African diaspora to international peace and security and to human rights as seen through their exemplary accomplishment: the Nobel Peace Prize.'
Ambassador (Professor) Donald F. McHenry, Former US Special Representative to the UN, and former US Special Envoy to Nigeria
Dr. Adekeye Adebajo has been Executive Director of the Centre for Conflict Resolution, Cape Town, South Africa, since 2003. He previously served as Director of the Africa Programme of the New York-based International Peace Institute, when he was also an adjunct professor at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA). He also served on United Nations missions in South Africa, Western Sahara, and Iraq. He obtained his doctorate from Oxford University in England, where he studied as a Rhodes Scholar. He is the author of four books, and the editor or co-editor of a further seven.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Front cover | Front cover | ||
About the Editor | ii | ||
Title | iii | ||
Copyright | iv | ||
Contents | v | ||
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION | 1 | ||
1 Obama’s Nobel Ancestors: From Bunche to Barack and Beyond | 3 | ||
Outline of the Book | 7 | ||
Connections and Contrasts | 9 | ||
Three African Americans | 11 | ||
Four South African Priests and Politicians | 16 | ||
Three Peacemakers from Egypt and Ghana | 24 | ||
Three Women Activists from Kenya and Liberia | 28 | ||
Concluding remarks | 34 | ||
Bibliography | 35 | ||
2 Barack Obama: Between Racial Compatriots and Nobel Ancestors | 38 | ||
In the Shadow of Gandhi | 39 | ||
The Hidden Agenda behind Obama’s Nobel Prize | 43 | ||
Obama’s African-American Ancestors | 44 | ||
Obama’s Global Compatriots | 46 | ||
From Colour Line to Culture Line | 49 | ||
Concluding Reflections: Between Nostradamus and Mister Obama | 52 | ||
Bibliography | 55 | ||
PART TWO: THE THREE AFRICAN AMERICANS | 57 | ||
3 Ralph Bunche, Martin Luther King Jr and Barack Obama: Three African-American Nobel Laureates Debate War and Peace | 59 | ||
The Situational Peace Activist | 61 | ||
Reflections on Peace in Our Time | 66 | ||
The Quest for Peace and Justice | 68 | ||
Constraints of the Presidency Revisited | 73 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 76 | ||
Bibliography | 77 | ||
4 Ralph Bunche: The Scholar-Diplomat | 79 | ||
A Life in War and Peace | 79 | ||
Bunche’s Commitment to the International Civil Service | 85 | ||
Bunche’s Contributions to UN Peacekeeping | 88 | ||
The Congo Crisis | 90 | ||
Bunche and the United States Government | 92 | ||
After the Congo | 94 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 96 | ||
Bibliography | 99 | ||
5 Martin Luther King Jr: The Great Provocateur | 100 | ||
The Prophet of the Civil Rights Struggle | 103 | ||
The Ideology of Non-Violence | 106 | ||
Containing Black Rage | 113 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 116 | ||
References | 118 | ||
PART THREE: THE FOUR SOUTH AFRICANS | 119 | ||
6 Albert Luthuli: The Black Moses | 121 | ||
Before the Nobel Peace Prize | 121 | ||
Luthuli’s Political and Religious Beliefs | 124 | ||
The Award of the Nobel Peace Prize | 126 | ||
After the Nobel Peace Prize | 130 | ||
Luthuli’s Relations with Other Nobel Peace Laureates | 132 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 133 | ||
Bibliography | 136 | ||
7 Desmond Tutu: The Wounded Healer | 137 | ||
The Troublesome Priest | 138 | ||
Domestic Drama | 142 | ||
Tutu and Luthuli: The Double Act | 143 | ||
Restorative Justice and Healing | 148 | ||
Off-Stage: One-on-One | 151 | ||
F.W. de Klerk: White Impunity | 154 | ||
Concluding Reflections: No Curtain Call | 155 | ||
Bibliography | 159 | ||
8 Nelson Mandela: The Oratory of the Black Pimpernel | 161 | ||
The Struggle against Apartheid | 164 | ||
The March to Freedom | 171 | ||
The Nobel Speech | 174 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 176 | ||
Bibliography | 177 | ||
9 Frederik Willem de Klerk: The Pragmatic Peacemaker | 178 | ||
Liberalising the Political Situation and Creating an Environment for Negotiations | 179 | ||
Negotiating the End of Apartheid | 187 | ||
From CO DESA II to the Nobel Peace Prize | 198 | ||
The Post-Apartheid Era | 200 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 201 | ||
Bibliography | 203 | ||
PART FOUR: THE TWO EGYPTIANS | 205 | ||
10 Anwar Sadat: The Tragic Peacemaker | 207 | ||
The Road to Jerusalem | 208 | ||
The Nobel Peace Prize and Its Aftermath | 213 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 217 | ||
Bibliography | 219 | ||
11 Mohamed ElBaradei: The Rocket Man | 220 | ||
Why Was ElBaradei Awarded the Nobel Prize? | 221 | ||
ElBaradei’s Contributions before the Nobel Prize | 223 | ||
The Nobel Speech | 226 | ||
After the Nobel Prize | 227 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 232 | ||
Bibliography | 232 | ||
PART FIVE: THE KENYAN AND THE GHANAIAN | 233 | ||
12 Wangari Maathai: The Earth Mother | 235 | ||
The Evolution of an Environmental Activist | 236 | ||
Sowing the Seeds: Genesis of the Journey | 239 | ||
Not Merely a Tree Gardener: Maathai’s Essential Contribution | 242 | ||
Changing the Climate for Women and the Planet | 245 | ||
Apostles and Disciples of Peace | 248 | ||
Ecce Africana: The World Turns to Africa? | 250 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 252 | ||
Bibliography | 255 | ||
13 Kofi Annan: The Soft-Spoken Prophet | 257 | ||
The Route to the Nobel Peace Prize | 261 | ||
‘The Responsibility to Protect’ | 264 | ||
Restoring Human Rights and Dignity in Post-Conflict Situations | 267 | ||
Annan’s Socio-Economic Development Efforts | 270 | ||
The Aftermath of the Nobel Peace Prize | 271 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 275 | ||
Bibliography | 277 | ||
PART SIX THE TWO LIBERIANS | 279 | ||
14 Ellen Johnson Sirleaf: The Iron Lady | 281 | ||
Formative Experiences | 283 | ||
The International and Domestic Technocrat | 285 | ||
Supporting Charles Taylor and Uncle Sam | 287 | ||
The Imperious Presidency | 288 | ||
The Nobel Speech | 293 | ||
Concluding Reflections: The Post-Nobel Era | 294 | ||
Bibliography | 299 | ||
15 Leymah Gbowee: The Prayerful Peace Warrior | 300 | ||
Fighting Gender Norms | 302 | ||
The Inter-Faith Struggle, 2002–03 | 305 | ||
The 2003 CPA Sit-In and Mobilising Women for the 2005 Election | 307 | ||
From Social Worker to Peacebuilder | 309 | ||
The Nobel Prize and Speech | 310 | ||
Concluding Reflections | 314 | ||
Bibliography | 317 | ||
About the Contributors | 318 | ||
Index | 322 | ||
Back cover | Back cover |