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Book Details
Abstract
Vietnam: Rethinking the State offers an exciting and up-to-date look at the politics of this fascinating country as it seeks to make the transition from war-torn economic backwater to a dynamic and modern society.
The book argues for a move away from the commonly associated idea of 'reform', arguing for a deeper understanding of the concept and questioning the idea of state-retreat. The result is a path-breaking book which gets beneath the surface of Vietnam's politics in a way which few outsiders otherwise could.
Martin Gainsborough is a recognised international expert on Vietnam and its politics. He is a director of the Bristol-Mekong Project, and consults widely on aspects of Vietnam's politics and business, notably for the United Nations Development Programme, the UK's Department for International Development, and the World Bank. He teaches on development studies, Vietnamese and Asian politics, and state theory. He is author of Changing Political Economy of Vietnam (2003) and editor of On the Borders of State Power (2009).
'Clearly written and based upon extensive field work, his discussion of the value of theory amplifies a vivid focus upon the major issues Vietnam faces as the relatively easy development seen since the emergence of the market economy in 1989-91 morphs into her troubled transition to ‘middle income’ status and demands for higher quality economic growth.'
Adam Fforde, University of Melbourne and Victoria University
'Vietnam: Rethinking the State is written in an engaging style and is wonderfully structured and organised. Stop, read and proceed!'
Carlyle A. Thayer, author of War By Other Means: National Liberation and Revolution in Vietnam
'By challenging several concepts commonly used by observers of contemporary Vietnam - reform, the state, the centrality of national policy, and the rule of law - Martin Gainsborough has produced a lively, provocative analysis of political life in the country. His book is a must for specialists and non-specialists alike.'
Benedict J. Tria Kerkvliet, The Australian National University
'Vietnam: Rethinking the State provides a highly sophisticated yet always accessible and eminently readable discussion and analysis of key issues in the Vietnamese reform process that will be of keen interest to students, teachers, government officials, journalists, the business community and others.'
Mark Sidel, International Society for Third Sector Research
'Gainsborough's Vietnam is a valuable source of conceptual and empirical information for Vietnam specialists, practitioners of governance reform, and comparative political theorists.'
Thaveeporn Vasavakul, Southeast Asian Studies Specialist
'This book is an indispensable tool to make sense of the enormous transformations experienced by Vietnam over the last two decades.'
Martin Rama, World Bank for Vietnam
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
About the author | ii | ||
Map of Vietnam | vii | ||
Preface | ix | ||
Introduction | 1 | ||
An approach to studying politics | 2 | ||
Continuity and change in politics | 4 | ||
The inappropriateness of reform as an organizational motif | 5 | ||
Structure of the book | 7 | ||
1 Communist party rule | 9 | ||
Box 1.1 Vietnam’s formal political system at a glance | 10 | ||
Changing class interests under reform | 12 | ||
State power | 18 | ||
Transnational forces | 19 | ||
From one-party rule to what? | 21 | ||
Conclusion | 23 | ||
2 New state business interests | 25 | ||
Ho Chi Minh City’s depiction in the literature | 26 | ||
Questioning the received wisdom | 30 | ||
The rise of new state business interests | 34 | ||
Box 2.1 New state business in Ho Chi Minh City in the 1990s | 36 | ||
Existing state enterprises diversifying into new areas | 36 | ||
The establishment of new state enterprises | 37 | ||
The formation of private companies | 38 | ||
The growth of the gatekeeping state | 40 | ||
Table 2.1 Public-sector employment by local management in Ho Chi Minh City | 41 | ||
Table 2.2 Public-sector employment in Ho Chi Minh City, 1990–98 | 42 | ||
Reformist or more parochial interests? | 43 | ||
Conclusion: explaining Ho Chi Minh City’s evolution under ‘reform’ | 45 | ||
3 Corruption | 50 | ||
The literature on corruption | 52 | ||
Decentralization | 55 | ||
Recentralization | 56 | ||
Tamexco’s rise | 59 | ||
Tamexco’s fall | 61 | ||
Why did Tamexco fall? | 66 | ||
Conclusion | 69 | ||
4 Hollowing out the state | 71 | ||
Why did equitization initially proceed so slowly before speeding up? | 72 | ||
The push factor: less hospitable conditions in the state sector | 75 | ||
The pull factor: improving the private-sector climate | 77 | ||
Assessing the performance of equitized enterprises | 78 | ||
Box 4.1 Post-equitization performance in three provinces | 79 | ||
The manner of equitization: future implications | 80 | ||
Discipline and encouragement | 81 | ||
The nature of ownership: insiders or outsiders? | 82 | ||
The nature of ownership: concentrated or diffuse? | 83 | ||
Box 4.2 Ownership breakdown of 336 equitized companies | 84 | ||
Transparency | 85 | ||
Valuing state enterprise assets | 86 | ||
Continued state ownership: cash flow and property rights issues | 86 | ||
Conclusion | 87 | ||
5 Uncertainty as aninstrument of rule | 88 | ||
Privatization as state advance | 90 | ||
The companies | 93 | ||
Company attitude to equitization | 93 | ||
State attitude to equitization | 94 | ||
How long did equitization take? | 95 | ||
Shareholding structure after equitization | 97 | ||
Company directors after equitization | 99 | ||
Firm decision-making after equitization | 99 | ||
Equitization as ‘private indirect government’ | 101 | ||
Conclusion | 105 | ||
Box 5.1 Additional background on companies interviewed | 109 | ||
6 Local politics | 111 | ||
Globalization and the state | 113 | ||
Conceptualizing the state | 117 | ||
Box 6.1 Why the state matters: views from enterprises in Vietnam’s Lao Cai and Tay Ninh provinces | 119 | ||
Cross-border flows | 121 | ||
Table 6.1 Expanded trade flows in the Greater Mekong Subregion | 122 | ||
Private and transnational actors | 123 | ||
Table 6.2 Private-sector growth in Lao Cai and Tay Ninh | 123 | ||
Box 6.2 Transnational organizations in Lao Cai and Tay Ninh | 125 | ||
A stronger state in the era of globalization explained | 126 | ||
Box 6.3 Origins of private-sector actors in Vietnam’s Lao Cai and Tay Ninh provinces | 129 | ||
Conclusion | 133 | ||
7 Sharing the spoils | 135 | ||
Box 7.1 What is the Political Report? | 136 | ||
How have past congresses been analysed? | 139 | ||
Past congress analysis critiqued | 142 | ||
The circulation of patronage and political protection | 146 | ||
Box 7.2 Changes to the Politburo at the Tenth Congress | 148 | ||
How outcomes emerge | 151 | ||
Conclusion | 154 | ||
8 Elite resilience | 156 | ||
Neoliberalism unpacked | 158 | ||
Vietnam and ‘reform’ | 160 | ||
Conceptualizing change | 162 | ||
The pre-‘reform’ Vietnamese state | 163 | ||
The post-‘reform’ Vietnamese state | 166 | ||
Vietnam and the regulatory state | 170 | ||
Explaining outcomes | 172 | ||
Conclusion | 175 | ||
Conclusion | 177 | ||
How do people act politically in Vietnam? | 178 | ||
Rethinking the state | 180 | ||
Towards a new research agenda | 184 | ||
What might a universal theory of the state look like? | 186 | ||
Variation within the universal | 188 | ||
Notes | 191 | ||
chapter 1 | 191 | ||
chapter 2 | 192 | ||
chapter 3 | 193 | ||
chapter 4 | 195 | ||
chapter 5 | 196 | ||
chapter 6 | 197 | ||
chapter 7 | 198 | ||
chapter 8 | 199 | ||
conclusion | 200 | ||
References | 201 | ||
Index | 221 |