BOOK
Poverty and Social Deprivation in the Mediterranean
Maria Petmesidou | Christos Papatheodoru
(2008)
Additional Information
Book Details
Abstract
In the growth of regional identities worldwide, the Mediterranean Basin is emerging as an entity in its own right. This book, a unique collaboration among social scientists around the entire Mediterranean littoral, covers Southern Europe, Turkey, the Balkans, North Africa, and the Near East. Leading economists, sociologists and social policy experts document with new and up-to-date empirical material the changing profiles of poverty and social deprivation. The result is a thought-provoking comparison of the extent, severity and structural causes of poverty and social inequality, and the huge diversity of public responses to the challenges they pose.
"This collection of essays lucidly addresses major issues related to poverty in the Mediterranean area. Empirical measurements of poverty reduced to a meaningless ?one or two dollars of daily expenditure?, as suggested by the World Bank, are meant to escape the political economy analysis of the processes that generate the phenomenon. Eradicating poverty implies implementing a programme of social security for all citizens, whatever level of development is reached by the country, in accordance with the basic human rights approach cogently suggested in this book"
Samir Amin, Director of Third World Forum, Dakar & Paris
"This is a most welcome addition to the literature on poverty. It is not just another book but a different and innovative book. It offers a comparative analysis of poverty for a region -the Mediterranean- which is a microcosm of the global economy comprising a range of countries from the very poor to the rich, countries torn by war and genocide as well as havens of stability, with cultures offering a diverse mixture of family types and ethnic groups. The approach is hard headed and insists on taking the removal of poverty not just as an economic or social policy but as a human rights issue. It should interest students, researchers and policy makers across the world as it has lessons for everywhere and for everyone."
Lord Meghnad Desai, London School of Economics, UK
'The volume has a number of key strengths. One of the most strong features is the level of information provided. It reflects rigorous scholarship with a wealth of empirical material and extensive use of footnotes. This is a very useful contribution to knowledge of the nature and extent of poverty and understanding of underlying structural causes. The book is an important source of information on particular countries. It should be of interest to a wide audience of students, academics, practitioners, policy makers and anyone with an interest in the advancement of human rights and the eradication of glaring inequalities.'
David Storey, University of Worcester
Maria Petmesidou and Christos Papatheodorou are respectively professor and assistant professor of Social Policy at Democritus University of Thrace.
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Contents | vii | ||
Tables and figures | ix | ||
Acknowledgements | xiii | ||
1 | Introduction: comparing poverty phenomena in the Mediterranean area | 1 | ||
Maria Petmesidou and Christos Papatheodorou\r | 1 | ||
The Mediterranean area as a unit of analysis | 3 | ||
Aspects of social development and poverty in the major regions of the Mediterranean area | 13 | ||
The structure of the volume | 26 | ||
Notes | 34 | ||
References | 41 | ||
one | The southern EU member states, the \rBalkan transition countries and Turkey | 45 | ||
2 | Poverty profiles and trends. How do southern European countries compare with each other? | 47 | ||
Christos Papatheodorou and Maria Petmesidou\r | 47 | ||
Imbalances of social protection in southern Europe and major policy innovations for combating poverty | 48 | ||
Social transfer programmes in the 1990s and early 2000s | 51 | ||
Inequality and poverty | 55 | ||
Poverty profiles | 67 | ||
Concluding remarks | 83 | ||
Appendix A | 87 | ||
Appendix B | 87 | ||
Notes | 89 | ||
References | 92 | ||
3 | Poverty and poverty discourses in Italy in comparative perspective | 95 | ||
Chiara Saraceno\r | 95 | ||
Research and policy discourses in the European context | 95 | ||
Poverty in Italy: trends and patterns | 101 | ||
Poverty of policies and the inadequacy of the policy discourse | 109 | ||
Concluding remarks | 112 | ||
Notes | 114 | ||
References | 115 | ||
4 | Poverty and anti-poverty policies in Portugal: the experience of the Guaranteed Minimum Income | 117 | ||
Jose Pereirinha\r | 117 | ||
Poverty and social exclusion: the policy relevance | 117 | ||
The issue of measurement: poverty, deprivation, exclusion | 123 | ||
Poverty in Portugal | 128 | ||
The Portuguese Guaranteed Minimum Income | 131 | ||
Concluding remarks | 137 | ||
Notes | 138 | ||
References | 139 | ||
5 | Absolute poverty of illegal immigrants in Spain: a growing problem | 142 | ||
Ubaldo Martinez Veiga | 142 | ||
Methodology | 142 | ||
Illegal immigrants in Spain | 144 | ||
Hunger and absolute poverty | 149 | ||
Absolute or relative poverty? | 153 | ||
Spells of poverty and working conditions | 156 | ||
Concluding remarks | 160 | ||
Notes | 162 | ||
References | 163 | ||
6 | Poverty reduction strategies and well-being in Albania and Former Yugoslavia | 166 | ||
Gerry Redmond\r | 166 | ||
Background | 167 | ||
Poverty Reduction Strategies | 172 | ||
Poverty analysis and policy solutions in Poverty Reduction Strategies | 175 | ||
Public participation and the ‘Washington Consensus’ | 180 | ||
Conclusion | 182 | ||
Notes | 182 | ||
References | 184 | ||
7 | The poor, excluded and transition losers in the south-eastern European transition economies | 188 | ||
Ivo Bicanic and Vojmir Francevic\r | 188 | ||
Transformation-generated poverty and inequality | 189 | ||
Transformation-generated inequality and poverty in the region | 191 | ||
Subjective poverty and expectations | 200 | ||
Two critical policy implications | 208 | ||
Conclusion | 212 | ||
Notes | 214 | ||
References | 214 | ||
8 | Dynamics of poverty in Turkey: gender, rural/urban poverty, social networks and reciprocal survival strategies | 218 | ||
Sibel Kalaycioglu\r | 218 | ||
A conceptual framework for understanding poverty in Turkey | 219 | ||
A brief history of the welfare system and poverty alleviation | 230 | ||
A model of coping strategies by family/kinship groups | 235 | ||
Conclusion | 240 | ||
Appendix: social assistance schemes in Turkey | 243 | ||
Notes | 244 | ||
References | 245 | ||
two | The Middle East and North Africa\r | 249 | ||
9 | Poverty in Israel: taking a multi-dimensional approach | 251 | ||
Jacques Silber and Michael Sorin\r | 251 | ||
A brief review of poverty studies in Israel | 251 | ||
The ‘fuzzy set’ approach to poverty analysis | 256 | ||
An illustration based on Israeli data | 260 | ||
The determinants of uni- and multi-dimensional poverty | 263 | ||
Conclusions | 268 | ||
Appendix A: the theory of fuzzy sets and its applications to multidimensional poverty measurement | 270 | ||
Appendix B: additional tables | 275 | ||
Notes | 279 | ||
References | 279 | ||
10 | The making of poverty in Palestine | 282 | ||
Jamil Hilal | 282 | ||
Mapping Palestinian poverty | 285 | ||
Profiling the poor | 291 | ||
Confronting impoverishment | 299 | ||
Concluding remarks | 304 | ||
Notes | 305 | ||
References | 306 | ||
11 | Social stratification obstacles to reducingin equality and alleviating poverty: the case of Lebanon | 308 | ||
Sylvia Haladjian-Henriksen\r | 308 | ||
Socio-economic developments and poverty in the last decade | 308 | ||
Views on poverty and poverty alleviation | 312 | ||
Social obstacles to fighting poverty | 314 | ||
Conclusion | 316 | ||
Notes | 317 | ||
References | 318 | ||
12 | Understanding recent trends in poverty and inequality in the Maghreb (with an emphasis on Morocco) | 320 | ||
Mina Baliamoune-Loutz\r | 320 | ||
The scale and context of the problem | 320 | ||
Overview of the existing data and literature on poverty, inequality and reforms in Morocco | 322 | ||
The multi-dimensions of poverty and inequality in Morocco | 325 | ||
Identifying the causes of poverty in Morocco and the role of policies and reforms | 335 | ||
Conclusion | 342 | ||
Appendix A | 344 | ||
Appendix B: Morocco – policy recommendations | 346 | ||
Notes | 347 | ||
References | 347 | ||
13 | Poverty evaluation in Algeria: a logit-probit model applied to a multi-dimensional field survey in the region of Tlemcen | 350 | ||
Abderrezak Benhabib, Tahar Ziani and Samir Baha-Eddine Maliki\r | 350 | ||
The structural adjustment programme and social protectionpolicies | 351 | ||
Safety-net policies, the Participatory Community Service Scheme and governance | 359 | ||
The study in the Tlemcen region | 363 | ||
Conclusion | 370 | ||
Notes | 371 | ||
References | 371 | ||
14 | Concluding commentary: poverty in the Mediterranean region – applying a human rights strategy | 374 | ||
Peter Townsend\r | 374 | ||
Establishing an international baseline | 375 | ||
Variations in the scale of poverty | 377 | ||
Where poverty is most severe: the case of Egypt | 379 | ||
Where poverty is most severe: the case of Palestine | 381 | ||
Mediterranean policies to restrict poverty: the case of Israel | 382 | ||
Lessons for the resolution of Mediterranean poverty | 383 | ||
Conclusion – creative use of the human rights framework | 393 | ||
References | 396 | ||
About the contributors | 399 | ||
Index | 405 |