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Book Details
Abstract
The local and global environmental impacts of transport are more apparent than ever before. Moving People provides an attention-grabbing introduction to the problems of transport and the development of sustainable alternatives, focusing on the often misunderstood issue of personal mobility, as opposed to freight. Re-assessing the value and importance of non-motorized transport the author raises questions about mobility in the face of climate change and energy security, particularly for the developing world.
Featuring original case studies from across the globe, this book is essential for anyone studying or working in the area of environmental sustainability and transport policy.
'Peter Cox gives us a wonderful overview of developments these last decades in the field of mobility.'
Pascal J.W. van den Noort, Velo Mondial
'This book should be read by all interested in transport - especially politicians, local authority councillors, town planners and transportation engineers.'
Louis De Waal, Bicycling Empowerment Network
Peter Cox is a senior lecturer in the Department of Geography and Development Studies and the Department of Social and Communications Studies at the University of Chester.
Table of Contents
| Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tables | vii | ||
| Boxes | vii | ||
| Preface and acknowledgements | ix | ||
| Introduction | 1 | ||
| 1 | Movement and mobility | 7 | ||
| Transport and mobility | 9 | ||
| Physical mobility: motorised and non-motorised | 10 | ||
| Public and private, individual and collective, fixed and flexible | 11 | ||
| table 1.1 | Strengths and weaknesses of different modes of transport | 12 | ||
| Land use and access | 13 | ||
| box 1.1 | Walking, transit and automobile cities | 14 | ||
| 2 | Sustainable development and ecomobility | 17 | ||
| Transport and development | 17 | ||
| box 2.1 | Sustainable development in practice | 22 | ||
| Rethinking technology and development: Illich and Schumacher | 23 | ||
| Sustainable transport development | 26 | ||
| box 2.2 | A green approach to sustainable urban transport | 27 | ||
| box 2.3 | What is ecomobility? | 30 | ||
| 3 | The problem of car-dominance | 31 | ||
| Health impacts of motor vehicles | 32 | ||
| table 3.1 | Health effects of vehicular combustion products | 33 | ||
| table 3.2 | Euro diesel emissions standards for vehicles of more than 1305 kg | 35 | ||
| table 3.3 | Euro diesel emissions standards for buses and lorries | 36 | ||
| table 3.4 | Lifecycle effects of oil recovery and use by stage | 38 | ||
| Global issues | 44 | ||
| box 3.1 | Comparative CO2 emissions | 45 | ||
| table 3.5 | Relative greenhouse gas emissions of selected transport | 46 | ||
| table 3.6 | Average distance per trip in UK | 47 | ||
| 4 | Automobility and its alternatives | 49 | ||
| Love of the automobile | 50 | ||
| Automobility | 52 | ||
| Global prospects for technology change: the eco-car? | 54 | ||
| Alternative fuels | 56 | ||
| Overall prospects for ‘green’ car mobility | 62 | ||
| Strategies for change | 64 | ||
| Conclusion | 66 | ||
| 5 | The city as a system: transport as network | 67 | ||
| Local detail matters | 68 | ||
| Planning for sustainable cities | 70 | ||
| box 5.1 | Four types of city and their transport systems | 72 | ||
| Bogotá: background | 75 | ||
| Buses: public transport and the private sector | 80 | ||
| box 5.2 | What is BRT? | 82 | ||
| The TransMilenio | 84 | ||
| Curbing car traffic | 87 | ||
| Ciclorutas | 89 | ||
| Impacts | 90 | ||
| table 5.1 | Transport modal share in Bogotá, 1998–2007 | 91 | ||
| Lessons from Bogotá | 93 | ||
| 6 | Mobility in the megacity: Delhi | 95 | ||
| Sustainable cities | 95 | ||
| Delhi background | 96 | ||
| table 6.1 | Vehicle numbers in Delhi | 98 | ||
| box 6.1 | Travel patterns in an informal settlement in Delhi | 100 | ||
| Grassroots campaigning on transport issues | 103 | ||
| box 6.2 | People’s Charter on Clean Air | 104 | ||
| Official transport planning: Delhi Metro | 107 | ||
| box 6.3 | Transport for whom? | 109 | ||
| Delhi buses: high-capacity transport or BRT? | 110 | ||
| box 6.4 | A master plan for Delhi | 113 | ||
| Understanding the problems: drawing conclusions | 113 | ||
| box 6.5 | GEF/World Bank/UNDP Transport Project India 2008–2012 | 114 | ||
| 7 | Non-motorised transport: walking and cycling | 117 | ||
| Walking | 118 | ||
| Bicycles and urban transport | 122 | ||
| box 7.1 | Bicycles: reducing travel costs, increasing mobility | 123 | ||
| Bicycles as public transport | 125 | ||
| Bicycle technologies | 126 | ||
| 8 | Bicycle and NMT programmes in action | 131 | ||
| table 8.1 | Relative perfomance of various NMT and IMT modes | 134 | ||
| FABIO: ‘moving slowly but reaching far’ | 135 | ||
| box 8.1 | The Jinja Declaration | 136 | ||
| South Africa: mobility and the legacy of apartheid | 138 | ||
| A new role for transport | 139 | ||
| Low-cost mobility solutions | 141 | ||
| box 8.2 | The Bicycling Empowerment Network | 146 | ||
| Working in partnership | 147 | ||
| box 8.3 | Declaration of African ministers on transport and the Millennium Development Goals | 155 | ||
| Reshaping the institutional context for cycle use | 157 | ||
| box 8.4 | Vélo Mondial Cape Town Declaration | 158 | ||
| box 8.5 | Report of the International Non-Motorized Transport and Intermediate Means of Transport Conference, 2007 | 162 | ||
| Conclusion | 164 | ||
| 9 | Bicycles and rickshaws in South Asia | 165 | ||
| Origins and spread | 166 | ||
| Clampdown and restriction | 167 | ||
| Rickshaws in Delhi | 169 | ||
| box 9.1 | Recommendations to safeguard the contribution of rickshaws to sustainable transport in Delhi | 172 | ||
| Bicycle and motorcycle taxis | 175 | ||
| box 9.2 | On your bike, Mr President, Uganda’s health demands it | 179 | ||
| Cycle taxis in summary | 181 | ||
| Powered two-wheelers and autorickshaws | 182 | ||
| Future bicycle technologies | 187 | ||
| 10 | Institutional changes | 189 | ||
| The World Bank | 189 | ||
| box 10.1 | Cities on the move | 193 | ||
| Global Environmental Facility | 199 | ||
| Millennium Development Goals | 200 | ||
| Institute for Transportation and Development Policy | 202 | ||
| GTZ-SUTP | 203 | ||
| Dar es Salaam: complex intervention in action | 204 | ||
| Jakarta: BRT and rickshaws | 210 | ||
| Reflections | 211 | ||
| Conclusion | 213 | ||
| Pointers to a more sustainable transport future | 214 | ||
| Problems of urban public transport | 216 | ||
| Good practice is contagious | 217 | ||
| References | 220 | ||
| Index | 248 |