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Land and Sustainable Development in Africa

Land and Sustainable Development in Africa

Kojo Sebastian Amanor | Sam Moyo

(2008)

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Book Details

Abstract

This book links contemporary debates on land reform with wider discourses on sustainable development within Africa. Featuring chapters and in-depth case studies on South Africa and Zimbabwe, Malawi, Kenya, Botswana and West Africa, it traces the development of ideas about sustainable development and addresses a new agenda based on social justice. The authors critically examine contemporary neoliberal market-led reforms and the legacy of colonialism on the land question. They argue that debates on sustainable development should be placed in the context of structural interests, access and equity, rather than technical management of land and resources. Additionally, they show that these structural factors cannot be transformed by institutional reform based on notions of elective democracy, community participation, and market-reform, but require a far more radical programme to redress the injustices of the colonial system that continue today. The book advocates a commitment to building sustainable livelihoods for farmers, calling for a redistribution of land and natural resources to challenge existing economic relations and frameworks for development.
Sam Moyo is the Executive Director of the African Institute for Agrarian Studies based in Harare, Zimbabwe. He has more than 25 years of research experience on rural development issues with a focus on land and natural resources management, civil society organizations, and capacity building and institutional development. He has been involved in several publications, including The Land Question in Zimbabwe, Land Reform Under Structural Adjustment in Zimbabwe, and African Land Questions, the State and Agrarian Transition. Kojo Amanor is an Associate Professor at the Institute of African Studies, University of Ghana. His main research is on land, forestry, environmental management, and rural livelihoods. His publications include The New Frontier: Farmers responses to land degradation, Global restructuring and land rights in Ghana; Land labour and the Family in Southern Ghana. He is also co-editor of Cultivating Knowledge: Genetic diversity, farmer experimentation and crop research.

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover Front cover
Contents v
Acknowledgements ix
Contributors xi
Introduction 1
Defining Sustainable Development 2
The Origins of Sustainable Development 6
Neoliberal Perspectives on Land 11
Land Redistribution and Markets 15
Nature Tourism, Wildlife and Forest Management 17
Civil Society and the Land Question 18
Scope and Organisation of This Book 22
Emerging Themes 30
1. Land and Sustainable Development in South Africa 33
Sustainable Development, Environment and Land Reform 34
The Origins of the Land Question in South Africa 35
Land Reform under the African National Congress 37
Civil Society Initiatives for Land Reform 47
Conclusion 52
2. Interrogating Sustainable Development and Resource Control in Zimbabwe 55
Zimbabwean Debates over Land and Sustainable Development 55
Land Distribution and Equity Problems in Zimbabwe 57
Macroeconomic Policies 60
Agriculture, Natural Resources and Sustainable Development 64
Land as an Overarching Resource for Sustainable Development 65
Forests and Sustainable Development 68
Wildlife 70
Popular Struggles for Land 73
Fast Track Land Reform and Sustainable Development 77
Conclusion 79
Notes 81
3. Law, Land and Sustainable Development in Malawi 83
Land and Sustainable Development in Malawi 84
Critical Variables in Land 85
Land Law Reform and Sustainable Development 87
Limitations of Land Law 94
Prospects for Land Reform and Sustainable Development 96
Conclusion 99
4. The Struggle for Sustainable Land Management and Democratic Development in Kenya 100
Land Expropriation, Colonial Law and Native Reserves 101
African Agriculture and Land Tenure Reform 104
Politics of Land, Uhuru and After: The Political Impasse 108
The Kenyatta Regime: Freezing the Land Question 112
The Moi Regime: Thawing the Land Question 114
Political Patronage, Land Grabbing and Livelihood Struggles 115
The Kibaki Regime: Moving the Land Question Around the Circle 120
Conclusion 123
Notes 126
5. Sustainable Development, Corporate Accumulation and Community Expropriation: Land and Natural Resources in West Africa 127
Colonial Land Policies in West Africa 130
Post-colonial Developments and Their Impact on Land 134
Export Crop Frontiers 137
Agricultural Modernisation and Agribusiness 141
Community Forestry 146
Minerals 151
The Role of Civil Society 156
Conclusion 157
Notes 158
6. Sustainable Development, Ecotourism, National Minorities and Land in Botswana 159
Land Tenure and Administration in Botswana 160
Land and Ethnicity 164
Agriculture and Land Reform 166
Land, Nature Tourism and Expropriation 168
Popular Struggles for Land and Sustainable Livelihoods 179
Conclusion 180
Notes 181
Conclusion: Transforming Sustainable Development 184
Land Markets, Redistribution and Civil Society 186
From Technical Management to Social Justice 190
Communitarian Approaches 193
The Challenge 195
Notes 197
Select Bibliography 198
Index 217