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Dissident Marxism

Dissident Marxism

David Renton

(2008)

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Abstract

We are witnessing the birth of a new politics -- anti-capitalist, libertarian and anti-war. But where do today's dissidents come from? Dissident Marxism argues that their roots can be found in the life and work of an earlier generation of socialist revolutionaries, including such inspiring figures as the Soviet poet Mayakovsky, the Marxist philosopher Karl Korsch, Communist historians Edward Thompson and Dona Torr, the Egyptian surrealist Georges Henein, American New Left economists Paul Baran and Paul Sweezy, advocates of Third World liberation including Walter Rodney and Samir Amin, Harry Braverman, the author of Labor and Monopoly Capital, and David Widgery, the journalist of the May '68 revolts. What these writers shared was a commitment to the values of socialism-from-below, the idea that change must be driven by the mass movements of the oppressed. In a world dominated by slump, fascism and war, they retained a commitment to total democracy. Dissident Marxism describes the left in history. Some readers will enjoy it as a history of revolutionary socialism in the years between Stalin's rise and the fall of the Berlin Wall. Others will find here a challenging thesis -- that the most enduring of left-wing traditions, and highly relevant to the times we live in today, were located in a space between the New Left and Trotskyism. Dissident Marxism explores the lives and thinking of some of the most creative and striking members of the twentieth century left, and asks if the new anti-capitalist movement might provide an opportunity for just such another left-wing generation to emerge?
David Renton is currently a Senior Research Fellow at Sunderland University. Before that, he worked as an Education Officer for the Trades Union Congress in London. He gained his MA in Modern History at Oxford University in 1995, and his PhD at Sheffield University in 1998. He has lectured at Edge Hill College of Higher Education in Ormskirk, at Rhodes University in South Africa and at Nottingham Trent University.
'A salutory antidote to oversimple ideas of an homogenous left. David Renton's round-up of rebels and resisters gives voice to suppressed traditions of left dissent which are of great relevance in our times.' Sheila Rowbotham, University of Manchester 'A readable and interesting account of somewhat less-known strands of Marxism - strands that might rescue its libertarian image and potential from the tarnish of Stalinism and kindred authoritarian left projects...Broaches ideas that are important and offers an alternative perspective on Marxism to the stagnant and inaccurate image that has dominated both much activism and much scholarship in recent years.' Progress in Human Geography

Table of Contents

Section Title Page Action Price
Cover\r cover
Contents v
Acknowledgements vii
Introduction 1
Dissident Marxism 1917–1989 11
The other side 12
Challenges 17
Social democracy 19
Stalinism 22
Trotskyism 25
The first New Left (1956) 28
The second New Left (1968) 30
The dissident situation 32
Mayakovsky, Kollontai, Lunacharsky, Serge: questioning the Soviet path 35
Vladimir Mayakovsky 36
Alexandra Kollontai 42
Anatoly Lunacharsky 48
Victor Serge 53
Karl Korsch, Marxism and philosophy 60
Korsch and the revolutionary 1920s 62
How Korsch became a Marxist 64
Marxism and Philosophy 66
Three Essays on Marxism 69
State capitalism 73
Karl Marx 74
Karl Korsch’s undogmatic Marxism 76
Georges Henein: surrealism and socialism 82
Both Egyptian and French 85
Rivals 87
Henein and his group 90
1944–46 93
Henein versus Trotsky? 99
Conclusion 102
Dona Torr, E.P. Thompson: socialist history 104
Dona Torr 105
The unscientific historian 109
Against ‘good Communism’ 112
The first New Left 114
History from below 117
A full break from the past? 120
Paul Baran, Paul Sweezy and monopoly capital 122
Two lives 123
The politics of Monthly Review 125
Monopoly capitalism 130
Monopoly Capital and Cuba 135
Beyond the 1960s 137
Walter Rodney, African socialist 139
The young historian 141
African socialism: three generations 143
Academic and activist 150
Walter Rodney: black Marxist? 151
People’s power 154
Explain, explain, explain 158
State killing 160
Harry Braverman: work and resistance 162
From coppersmith to office work 163
Labor and Monopoly Capital 170
The book’s reception 174
Management by consent and coercion 175
Women and work 177
Struggle 179
A superb, but flawed book 182
Samir Amin: theorising underdevelopment 184
A life of letters 185
From development to underdevelopment 188
Reversing underdevelopment 189
First and Third World Maoism 192
Amin in the African context 195
Towards the present 197
Orientalism 199
Beyond the present 203
David Widgery: the poetics of propaganda 205
1947–68: to be young was very heaven 207
Underground overground left 210
Widgery and Orwell 214
Doing time 217
This guitar kills fascists 222
1979–92: keeping on keeping on 227
Radical in the NHS 229
Widgery’s Marxism 231
The dissident tradition 235
Notes 239
Further reading 264
Index 269