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Abstract
This book re-establishes the relevance of mainstream anthropological (and sociological) approaches to development processes and simultaneously recognizes that contemporary development ought to be anthropology‘s principal area of study. Professor de Sardan argues for a socio-anthropology of change and development that is a deeply empirical, multidimensional, diachronic study of social groups and their interactions.
The Introduction provides a thought-provoking examination of the principal new approaches that have emerged in the discipline during the 1990s. Part I then makes clear the complexity of social change and development, and the ways in which socio-anthropology can measure up to the challenge of this complexity. Part II looks more closely at some of the leading variables involved in the development process, including relations of production; the logics of social action; the nature of knowledge; forms of mediation; and ‘political‘ strategies.
'A subtle, wide-ranging argument for a productive tension between the development industry and its critics on behalf of its ultimate subjects.'
James C. Scott, Yale University
'This is a lucid, thoroughly researched and brilliantly argued book.'
Achille Mbembe, author of On the Postcolony
'Olivier de Sardan tackles two sets of vested interests head-on but, more than that, he offers a resolution both might find appealing and neither can afford to ignore.'
Richard Fardon, University of London
'Olivier de Sardan throws a long-needed intellectual bridge over the big canyon separating European and American development anthropologies.'
Michael M. Cernea, World Bank and George Washington University
'Condenses several decades of research into an accessible and well-referenced textbook that provides provoking insights into the anthropology of development.'
'Highly reflexive and full of wit.'
'A brilliant book that triggers many questions ... While not everything Olivier de Sardan writes is new, it has rarely been formulated more lucidly and to the point.'
Development and Change
Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan is Professor of Anthropology at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales in Marseilles and Director of Research at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris
Table of Contents
Section Title | Page | Action | Price |
---|---|---|---|
Cover | cover | ||
About this book | i | ||
About the author | ii | ||
Title page | iii | ||
Table of Contents | v | ||
1 Introduction | 1 | ||
The discourse of development | 3 | ||
Populism, anthropology and development | 8 | ||
The entangled social logic approach | 11 | ||
Conclusion: the future of the entangled social logic approach\r | 15 | ||
Notes | 17 | ||
2 Socio-anthropology of development | 23 | ||
Development | 24 | ||
Socio-anthropology of development | 27 | ||
Comparativism | 31 | ||
Action | 35 | ||
Populism | 35 | ||
A collective problematic | 37 | ||
Social change and development: in Africa or in general? | 37 | ||
Notes | 39 | ||
3 Anthropology, sociology, Africa and development | 42 | ||
French colonial ethnology | 42 | ||
Reactions: dynamic and/or Marxist anthropology | 45 | ||
Sociology of modernization and sociology of development | 46 | ||
Systems analysis | 48 | ||
The current situation: multi-rationalities | 51 | ||
Notes | 55 | ||
4 A Renewal of Anthropology? | 58 | ||
To the rescue of social science? | 59 | ||
The ‘properties’ of ‘development facts’. | 60 | ||
Two heuristic points of view | 61 | ||
Anthropology of social change and development and the fields of anthropology | 64 | ||
Notes | 67 | ||
5 Stereotypes, ideologies and conceptions | 68 | ||
A meta-ideology of development | 70 | ||
Infra-ideologies: conceptions | 71 | ||
Five stereotypes | 73 | ||
The relative truth of stereotypes: the example of ‘culture’ | 81 | ||
The propensity for stereotypes: the example of ‘needs’ | 85 | ||
Notes | 86 | ||
6 Is an anthropology of innovation possible? | 89 | ||
A panorama in four points of view | 91 | ||
Is an innovations problematic possible in anthropology? | 103 | ||
Innovation as a way in | 107 | ||
Notes | 108 | ||
7 Developmentalist populism and social science populism | 110 | ||
Intellectuals and their ambiguous populism | 111 | ||
The poor according to Chambers | 112 | ||
The developmentalist populist complex | 113 | ||
Moral populism | 115 | ||
Cognitive populism and methodological populism | 116 | ||
Ideological populism | 117 | ||
Populism and miserabilism | 118 | ||
Where action becomes compromise | 120 | ||
… and where knowledge can become opposition … | 122 | ||
… yet methodology should combine! | 124 | ||
Notes | 124 | ||
8 Relations of production and modes of economic action | 126 | ||
Songhay-Zarma societies under colonization | 126 | ||
Subsistence logic during the colonial period | 128 | ||
Relations of production and contemporary transformations | 131 | ||
Conclusion | 134 | ||
Notes | 135 | ||
9 Development projectsand social logic | 137 | ||
The context of interaction | 139 | ||
Levels of project coherence | 140 | ||
Peasant reactions | 142 | ||
Two principles | 144 | ||
Three logics, among many others | 145 | ||
Strategic logics and notional logics | 149 | ||
Notes | 151 | ||
10 Popular knowledge andscientific and technical knowledge | 153 | ||
Popular technical knowledge | 154 | ||
A few properties of popular technical knowledge | 156 | ||
Popular technical knowledge and technical–scientificknowledge | 159 | ||
Fields of popular knowledge and infrastructure | 161 | ||
Notes | 164 | ||
11 Mediations and brokerage | 166 | ||
Development agents | 166 | ||
A parenthesis on corruption | 168 | ||
Development agents as mediators between types of knowledge | 168 | ||
Brokers | 173 | ||
The development language | 178 | ||
Notes | 184 | ||
12 Arenas and strategic groups | 185 | ||
Local development as a political arena | 185 | ||
Conflict, arena, strategic groups | 188 | ||
The ECRIS framework | 192 | ||
Notes | 196 | ||
13 Conclusion | 198 | ||
Logic of knowledge and logic of action | 198 | ||
Two models to be rejected | 201 | ||
Third model: action research | 201 | ||
Fourth model: the contractual solution | 203 | ||
Training development agents | 204 | ||
Adapting to sidetracking | 205 | ||
On enquiry | 208 | ||
Socio-anthropology of development and anthropology applied to development | 212 | ||
Notes | 215 | ||
Bibliography | 217 | ||
Index | 236 |